Gut Microbiome and the Role of Metabolites in the Study of Graves’ Disease

Liu, Haihua; Liu, Chang; Shang, Mengxue; Wei, Tianfu; Yin, Peiyuan

doi:10.3389/fmolb.2022.841223

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(155 reference statements)

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“…revealed that the Firmicutes -to- Bacteroidetes ratio was decreased in individuals with GD, which suggested that the gut microbiome may participate in the pathogenesis of GD ( 12 ). However, the generalization of the findings or ability to make a definitive conclusion was limited owing to the small number of fecal samples evaluated ( 13 ). In addition to clinical research, basic medical research has also provided evidence on the TGA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cause–effect relationship between Graves’ disease and the gut microbiome contributes to the thyroid–gut axis: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

et al. 2023

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BackgroundAn association between Graves’ disease (GD) and the gut microbiome has been identified, but the causal effect between them remains unclear.MethodsBidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to detect the causal effect between GD and the gut microbiome. Gut microbiome data were derived from samples from a range of different ethnicities (18,340 samples) and data on GD were obtained from samples of Asian ethnicity (212,453 samples). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables according to different criteria. They were used to evaluate the causal effect between exposures and outcomes through inverse-variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, MR-Egger, and simple mode methods. F-statistics and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate bias and reliability.ResultsIn total, 1,560 instrumental variables were extracted from the gut microbiome data (p< 1 × 105). The classes Deltaproteobacteria [odds ratio (OR) = 3.603] and Mollicutes, as well as the genera Ruminococcus torques group, Oxalobacter, and Ruminococcaceae UCG 011 were identified as risk factors for GD. The family Peptococcaceae and the genus Anaerostipes (OR = 0.489) were protective factors for GD. In addition, 13 instrumental variables were extracted from GD (p< 1 × 10–8), causing one family and eight genera to be regulated. The genus Clostridium innocuum group (p = 0.024, OR = 0.918) and Anaerofilum (p = 0.049, OR = 1.584) had the greatest probability of being regulated. Significant bias, heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy were not detected.ConclusionA causal effect relationship exists between GD and the gut microbiome, demonstrating regulatory activity and interactions, and thus providing evidence supporting the involvement of a thyroid–gut axis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cause–effect relationship between Graves’ disease and the gut microbiome contributes to the thyroid–gut axis: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

et al. 2023

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“…These compositional changes can lead to dysbiosis and the consequent disturbance of human health. As follows, microbiota imbalance has been associated with autoimmune and inflammatory disorders (inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, allergies) and with the acceleration of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes or cancer ( Wilkins et al, 2019 ; Miller et al, 2021 ; Liu et al, 2022 ). Also, several recent studies have identified microbiota dysbiosis in patients affected by different neurodegenerative diseases pointing to a possible connection between the gut microbiota and the origin of neurological disorders ( Figure 1 ) ( Rogers et al, 2016 ; Friedland and Chapman, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome Impact on Amyloidogenesis

Curto

Lopez²,

Sanchez³

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Our life is closely linked to microorganisms, either through a parasitic or symbiotic relationship. The microbiome contains more than 1,000 different bacterial species and outnumbers human genes by 150 times. Worryingly, during the last 10 years, it has been observed a relationship between alterations in microbiota and neurodegeneration. Several publications support the hypothesis that amyloid structures formed by microorganisms may trigger host proteins aggregation. In this review, we collect pieces of evidence supporting that the crosstalk between human and microbiota amyloid proteins could be feasible and, probably, a more common event than expected before. The combination of their outnumbers, the long periods of time that stay in our bodies, and the widespread presence of amyloid proteins in the bacteria Domain outline a worrying scenario. However, the identification of the exact microorganisms and the mechanisms through with they can influence human disease also opens the door to developing a new and diverse set of therapeutic strategies.

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“…The results from a European study seem to be significantly different. Even more heterogeneous are the results regarding lower taxonomic levels [ 14 , 16 , 23 , 26 , 32 – 34 , 36 – 38 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 48 ] Is there a variation in microbiota composition in patients with thyroid cancer? The very few studies available seem to indicate the reduction of the butyrate-producing gut microbiota as potential signature of thyroid cancer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between thyroid and human-associated microbiota: A systematic review of reviews

Virili,

Stramazzo,

Bagaglini

et al. 2023

Rev Endocr Metab Disord

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In recent years, a growing number of studies have examined the relationship between thyroid pathophysiology and intestinal microbiota composition. The reciprocal influence between these two entities has been proven so extensive that some authors coined the term "gut-thyroid axis". However, since some papers reported conflicting results, several aspects of this correlation need to be clarified. This systematic review was conceived to achieve more robust information about: 1)the characteristics of gut microbiota composition in patients with the more common morphological, functional and autoimmune disorders of the thyroid; 2)the influence of gut microbial composition on micronutrients that are essential for the maintenance of thyroid homeostasis; 3)the effect of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics, some of the most popular over-the-counter products, on thyroid balance; 4)the opportunity to use specific dietary advice. The literature evaluation was made by three authors independently. A five steps strategy was a priori adopted. After duplicates removal, 1106 records were initially found and 38 reviews were finally included in the analysis. The systematic reviews of reviews found that: 1) some significant variations characterize the gut microbiota composition in patients with thyroid disorders. However, geographical clustering of most of the studies prevents drawing definitive conclusions on this topic; 2) the available knowledge about the effect of probiotics and synbiotics are not strong enough to suggest the routine use of these compounds in patients with thyroid disorders; 3) specific elimination nutrition should not be routine suggested to patients, which, instead have to be checked for possible micronutrients and vitamins deficiency, often owed to gastrointestinal autoimmune comorbidities.

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Gut Microbiome and the Role of Metabolites in the Study of Graves’ Disease

Cited by 9 publications

References 120 publications

A cause–effect relationship between Graves’ disease and the gut microbiome contributes to the thyroid–gut axis: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

A cause–effect relationship between Graves’ disease and the gut microbiome contributes to the thyroid–gut axis: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Microbiome Impact on Amyloidogenesis

The relationship between thyroid and human-associated microbiota: A systematic review of reviews

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