Gut microbiome and metabolites: The potential key roles in pulmonary fibrosis

Wu, Yinlan; Li, Yanhong; Luo, Yubin; Zhou, Yu; Ji, Wen; Chen, Lu; Liang, Xiaojuan; Wu, Tong; Tan, Chunyu; Liu, Yi

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.943791

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…To sum up, oral administration of postbiotics from LAB can improve the structure of intestinal flora and prevent and assist the treatment of respiratory tract infection through the gut-lung axis. Intestinal flora and their metabolites may interact with each other and cause two-way interaction between the intestinal tract and lung tissue through the blood and lymphatic system [132]. Oral administration of live LAB can increase antibody production, enhance natural killer cell activity, and increase IFN-γ and IL-10 [133,134].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elimination of Pathogen Biofilms via Postbiotics from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Promising Method in Food and Biomedicine

Che,

Shi,

Fang

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Pathogenic biofilms provide a naturally favorable barrier for microbial growth and are closely related to the virulence of pathogens. Postbiotics from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are secondary metabolites and cellular components obtained by inactivation of fermentation broth; they have a certain inhibitory effect on all stages of pathogen biofilms. Postbiotics from LAB have drawn attention because of their high stability, safety dose parameters, and long storage period, which give them a broad application prospect in the fields of food and medicine. The mechanisms of eliminating pathogen biofilms via postbiotics from LAB mainly affect the surface adhesion, self-aggregation, virulence, and QS of pathogens influencing interspecific and intraspecific communication. However, there are some factors (preparation process and lack of target) which can limit the antibiofilm impact of postbiotics. Therefore, by using a delivery carrier and optimizing process parameters, the effect of interfering factors can be eliminated. This review summarizes the concept and characteristics of postbiotics from LAB, focusing on their preparation technology and antibiofilm effect, and the applications and limitations of postbiotics in food processing and clinical treatment are also discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elimination of Pathogen Biofilms via Postbiotics from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Promising Method in Food and Biomedicine

Che,

Shi,

Fang

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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“…The cross-talk between the gut microbiota and the lungs, called the gut-lung axis, uncovers a regulatory function and feedback of gut microbiota on lung disorders (Shi et al 2021 ; Chioma et al 2021 ). Targeting gut microbiota homeostasis or specific members of gut communities can modulate the progression of pulmonary fibrosis (Zhang et al 2023 ; Hu et al 2023 ; Wu et al 2022 ). Up to date, accumulating documents have confirmed the beneficial activity of quercetin in modulating gut microbiota to ameliorate different diseases such as osteoarthritis and diarrhea (Lan et al 2021 ; Xu et al 2021 ; Shi et al 2020 ); however, whether quercetin can regulate gut microbiota to alleviate pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quercetin influences intestinal dysbacteriosis and delays alveolar epithelial cell senescence by regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling in pulmonary fibrosis

Wu,

Qiu

et al. 2023

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol

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Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and progressive lung disease with high mortality. This study aims to explore the protective mechanism of quercetin against pulmonary fibrosis regarding cell senescence and gut microbiota. Rats were intratracheally injected with bleomycin (BLM) to establish a pulmonary fibrosis rat model. RLE-6TN cells were stimulated with BLM to build the model of alveolar epithelial cell senescence, and RLE-6TN-derived conditional medium (CM) was harvested to further culture fibroblasts. Histopathological changes were assessed by H&E and Masson staining. α-SMA expression was assessed by immunofluorescence assay. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) cytokine assay were conducted to assess cellular senescence. Gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The fibrosis-, senescence-, and PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling–related proteins were examined by western blot. In BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis rats, quercetin exerted its protective effects by reducing histological injury and collagen deposition, lessening cellular senescence, and regulating gut microbiota. In BLM-induced alveolar epithelial cell senescence, quercetin inhibited senescence, lessened SASP cytokine secretion of alveolar epithelial cells, and further ameliorated collagen deposition in fibroblasts. In addition, quercetin might exert its functional effects by regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, quercetin regulated intestinal dysbacteriosis in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis rats, especially boosting the abundance of Akkermansia. To conclude, our findings provide an in-depth understanding of the potential mechanism behind the protective role of quercetin against pulmonary fibrosis.

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“…A variety of intestinal microbial metabolites, including amino acids, SCFAs and bile acids, can affect fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, ECM accumulation, immune regulation and other pathways to cause PF ( Wu et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Gut-lung Axis and Pulmonary Fibrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanism of gut-lung axis in pulmonary fibrosis

Dong,

He,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a terminal change of a lung disease that is marked by damage to alveolar epithelial cells, abnormal proliferative transformation of fibroblasts, excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), and concomitant inflammatory damage. Its characteristics include short median survival, high mortality rate, and limited treatment effectiveness. More in-depth studies on the mechanisms of PF are needed to provide better treatment options. The idea of the gut-lung axis has emerged as a result of comprehensive investigations into the microbiome, metabolome, and immune system. This theory is based on the material basis of microorganisms and their metabolites, while the gut-lung circulatory system and the shared mucosal immune system act as the connectors that facilitate the interplay between the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems. The emergence of a new view of the gut-lung axis is complementary and cross-cutting to the study of the mechanisms involved in PF and provides new ideas for its treatment. This article reviews the mechanisms involved in PF, the gut-lung axis theory, and the correlation between the two. Exploring the gut-lung axis mechanism and treatments related to PF from the perspectives of microorganisms, microbial metabolites, and the immune system. The study of the gut-lung axis and PF is still in its early stages. This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms of PF related to the gut-lung axis, providing ideas for subsequent research and treatment of related mechanisms.

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Gut microbiome and metabolites: The potential key roles in pulmonary fibrosis

Cited by 11 publications

References 92 publications

Elimination of Pathogen Biofilms via Postbiotics from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Promising Method in Food and Biomedicine

Elimination of Pathogen Biofilms via Postbiotics from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Promising Method in Food and Biomedicine

Quercetin influences intestinal dysbacteriosis and delays alveolar epithelial cell senescence by regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling in pulmonary fibrosis

The mechanism of gut-lung axis in pulmonary fibrosis

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