Gut Microbiome and Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Hammerhøj, Alexander; Gubatan, John Mark; Nielsen, Ole Haagen

doi:10.3390/microorganisms12030576

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

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Probiotics, Prebiotics, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, and Dietary Patterns in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Noguera‐Fernández,

Candela‐González,

Orenes‐Piñero

2024

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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ScopeInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the most common chronic and debilitating functional bowel disorders affecting around 11% of the population across the world. IBD is associated with 3.6 million physician visits per year, being the most common reason visiting a gastroenterologist and the second most common reason to be absent from work, sharply increasing the health care costs.Methods and ResultsSeveral treatments seem to be effective in IBD symptoms relief, such as probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and dietary patterns. Probiotics (living microorganisms that can be supplemented) can protect against pathogenic bacteria due to their antimicrobial qualities. Prebiotics (nondigestible food ingredients) promote the growth of beneficial microbial strains in the gut, giving a health benefit to the host. FMT is supposed to directly change the recipient's microbial composition when a transfer of gastrointestinal microbiota from a healthy donor is carried out. And finally, dietary patterns are in the spotlight, due to the presence of certain nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract affecting gastrointestinal motility, sensitivity, barrier function, and gut microbiota.ConclusionIt is particularly important to know what treatment options are available and which are the most efficient in relieving IBD symptoms and improving IBD patient's quality of life.

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Probiotics, Prebiotics, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, and Dietary Patterns in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Noguera‐Fernández,

Candela‐González,

Orenes‐Piñero

2024

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Alterations in Gut Archaea Composition and Their Bacterial Interactions Linked to Hypertension

Yuan,

Chen,

Liang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Alterations in the gut microbiota have been linked to hypertension, with the role of archaea, despite being stable constituents, remaining largely unexplored. Shotgun metagenomic analyses of fecal samples were performed on 341 participants from 3 cohorts: discovery cohort (88 individuals), validation cohort 1 (175 individuals), and validation cohort 2 (78 individuals). Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) based on Bray-Curtis distances revealed significant alterations in the composition of enteric archaea between control individuals and hypertensive patients (P < 0.05). Hypertensive groups showed reduced abundances of halophilic archaea (Halorhabdus, Halovivax, and Halorubrum_lipolyticum) and methanogenic archaea (Methanomassiliicoccus and Candidatus_Methanomassiliicoccus_intestinalis). Eleven archaea species, depleted in fecal samples from hypertensive patients, distinguished them from control individuals, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.85, 0.79, and 0.91 in the discovery, validation cohort 1, and validation cohort 2, respectively. Significant correlations were observed between these archaea and clinical data across cohorts. Additionally, a significant positive correlation in richness between gut bacteria and archaea suggests a close cross-kingdom synergy within the microbiome. This study highlights significant shifts in the archaeal populations of hypertensive patients, underscoring the potential of archaeal biomarkers in hypertension diagnosis and suggesting avenues for future therapeutic research.

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Gut Microbiome and Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Abstract: The protective intestinal epithelial barrier is constantly exposed to more than 100 trillion commensal microorganisms (bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi), i [...]

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Probiotics, Prebiotics, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, and Dietary Patterns in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Probiotics, Prebiotics, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, and Dietary Patterns in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Alterations in Gut Archaea Composition and Their Bacterial Interactions Linked to Hypertension

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