Gut Microbial and Associated Metabolite Markers for Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis

Abstract

Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of mortality worldwide. Considerable evidence indicates that dysbiosis of the gut microbial community and its metabolite secretions play a fundamental role in advanced adenoma (ADA) and CRC development and progression. This study is a systematic review that aims to assess the clinical association between gut microbial markers and/or gut and circulating metabolites with ADA and CRC. Five electronic databases were searched by four independent reviewers. Only controlled trials that compared ADA and/or CRC with healthy control (HC) using either untargeted (16s rRNA gene or whole genome sequencing) or targeted (gene-based real-time PCR) identification methods for gut microbiome profile, or untargeted or targeted metabolite profiling approaches from the gut or serum/plasma, were eligible. Three independent reviewers evaluated the quality of the studies using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Twenty-four studies were eligible. We identified strong evidence of two microbial markers Fusobacterium and Porphyromonas for ADA vs. CRC, and nine microbial markers Lachnospiraceae-Lachnoclostridium, Ruminococcaceae-Ruminococcus, Parvimonas spp., Parvimonas micra, Enterobacteriaceae, Fusobacterium spp., Bacteroides, Peptostreptococcus-Peptostreptococcus stomatis, Clostridia spp.-Clostridium hylemonae, Clostridium symbiosum, and Porphyromonas-Porphyromonas asaccharolytica for CRC vs. HC. The remaining metabolite marker evidence between the various groups, including ADA vs. HC, ADA vs. HC, and CRC vs. HC, was not of sufficient quality to support additional findings. The identified gut microbial markers can be used in a panel for diagnosing ADA and/or CRC. Further research in the metabolite markers area is needed to evaluate the possibility to use in diagnostic or prognostic markers for colorectal cancer.

Gut Microbiota and Colorectal Cancer: An Umbrella Review of Methodological Trends and Clinical Correlations

“…Out of the 96 reports that were selected for full-text review, 22 of them were not obtainable. We assessed the eligibility of all 74 articles and identified only 20 systematic reviews and meta-analyses that met our inclusion criteria for the final synthesis [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Figure 1 represents the PRISMA flow diagram with a detailed search and selection process overview.…”

“…FIGURE 2: Matrix heatmap of included reviewsAlhhazmi et al[12]; Amitay et al[13]; Anandakumar et al[14]; Aprile et al[15]; Borges-Canha et al[16]; Costa et al[17]; Eastmond et al[18]; Fratila et al[19]; Gethings-Behncke et al[20]; Hussan et al[21]; Karimi et al[22]; Mohammad et al[23]; Negrut et al[24]; Peng et al[25]; Ranjbar et al[26]; Tabowei et al[27]; Valciukiene et al[28]; Vorstenbosch et al[29]; Yu et al[30]; Zwezerijnen-Jiwa et al[31] …”

Exploring Gut Microbiome Composition and Circulating Microbial DNA Fragments in Patients with Stage II/III Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis

“…The human gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining gut balance and influencing various aspects of health and disease [13][14][15]. Recent studies have increasingly linked microbial dysbiosischaracterized by alterations in the composition and function of the gut microbiome-to the development and progression of CRC [16,17].…”

“…These taxa could potentially serve as microbial biomarkers for individuals with stage II/III of CRC. Specifically, microbial taxa such as Porphyromonas, Peptoniphilus, Fenollaria, Finegoldia, and Ezakiella that were identified solely in the patient cohort have been previously significantly associated with the initiation of CRC [17,[27][28][29][30][31]. The use of microbial biomarkers for CRC diagnosis and prognosis has gained attention in recent years due to their non-invasive nature and their ability to enhance early detection and risk assessment.…”