Gut-brain axis through the lens of gut microbiota and their relationships with Alzheimer's disease pathology: Review and recommendations

Krishaa, L; Ng, Ted Kheng Siang; Wee, Hai Ning; Ching, Jianhong

doi:10.1016/j.mad.2023.111787

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…This bidirectional communication occurs through neural, endocrine, and immune pathways, facilitated by the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, comprising trillions of microorganisms, plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and influencing various aspects of health, including brain function [ 1 ].…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It manifests as a progressive decline in cognitive function, impacting daily life. The epidemiology of AD is marked by a current diagnosis of approximately 50 million people with dementia, a number projected to escalate to 131 million by 2050, posing significant societal implications and a global social cost of US$1.3 trillion [ 1 ]. Despite extensive research, the exact etiology of AD remains elusive, emphasizing the need for exploring unconventional avenues, such as the gut-brain axis, to comprehend the disease's complexity.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have provided compelling evidence linking alterations in gut microbiota composition to cognitive decline in AD [ 1 , 2 ]. These alterations in microbial composition may contribute to the neuroinflammatory processes and the accumulation of pathological proteins associated with cognitive impairment in AD.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding the gut-brain axis's role in cognitive health opens avenues for potential therapeutic interventions. Modulating the gut microbiota through dietary changes, prebiotics, probiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation emerges as a promising approach [ 1 , 5 ]. Targeting the gut-brain axis holds promise in mitigating cognitive decline and improving the overall quality of life for individuals affected by neurodegenerative disorders.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the association between the gut-brain axis and AD is gaining attention, several limitations in existing research must be acknowledged. Many studies, though insightful, often present a correlational nature, making it challenging to establish causation [ 1 - 5 ]. The gut microbiome's complexity and dynamic nature pose challenges in deciphering specific microbial contributions to AD pathology.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

From Microbes to Memories: Challenges and Future Perspectives Regarding the Gut-Brain Axis for Improved Cognitive Health in Alzheimer’s

Franco,

Sagar,

Bokhari

2024

Cureus

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The gut-brain axis, a bidirectional communication network between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system, regulates various physiological processes crucial for health, including immune response, metabolism, and neurotransmitter production. In the context of neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD), understanding the intricate connection of the gut-brain axis has gained significance. Disturbances along this axis have been implicated in neurodegenerative diseases, emphasizing its role in AD pathogenesis. Microbiota dysbiosis, influenced by diet, lifestyle, and genetics, contributes to altered gut permeability, leading to protein dyshomeostasis, astroglial activation, neuroinflammation, and cognitive decline. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing interventions to restore a healthy gut microbiota and potentially mitigate AD-related cognitive decline. The bidirectional communication along the gut-brain axis involves microbial metabolites, influencing oxidative stress, protein aggregation, and other pathways linked to neuroprotection. Modulating the gut microbiota through dietary changes, prebiotics, probiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation emerges as a promising approach to target cognitive decline in AD. Despite progress, challenges persist, including the correlational nature of studies, the complexity of the gut microbiome, and variations in methodologies. Standardization is essential for reliable findings and the identification of biomarkers associated with AD. Unanswered questions warrant further exploration, particularly in understanding specific mechanisms, the temporal dynamics of microbiota changes, and the influence of diet and lifestyle on the gut-brain axis in AD. Future perspectives involve promising therapeutic interventions targeting the gut-brain axis, emphasizing personalized medicine to optimize outcomes based on individual variations in the gut-brain axis characteristics.

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Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

From Microbes to Memories: Challenges and Future Perspectives Regarding the Gut-Brain Axis for Improved Cognitive Health in Alzheimer’s

Franco,

Sagar,

Bokhari

2024

Cureus

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Design, Synthesis and Anticholinesterase Activity of Coumarin‐1,3,5‐triazine Derivatives

Zhang,

Wang,

Zou

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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A series of coumarin‐1,3,5‐triazine derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The structures of those compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, HRMS, HPLC, and X‐ray. The structures of those coumarin‐1,3,5‐triazine derivatives are the mixtures of two geometric isomers. The 1H‐NMR of compound 3 g without coumarin structure and its hydrochloride and single crystal structure of compound 3 g were studied to prove the coumarin‐1,3,5‐triazine derivatives are the mixtures of two geometric isomers. The acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of the synthesized compounds were determinated by Ellman's method. The results showed that all the compounds could inhibit acetylcholinesterase selectively. Among them, compound 3 b was found to have the strongest inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase with an IC50 value of 0.018 μM, which was closest to the IC50 of the positive control donepezil (IC50=0.016 μM). Enzyme kinetic studies indicate that this compound inhibited acetylcholinesterase with a mixed mode. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation study and binding free energy calculation experiments demonstrated that compound 3 b could stably interact with key amino acids in the catalytically active site and the peripheral anion site of acetylcholinesterase. According to the results, compound 3 b demonstrates promising potential as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

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Emerging Relationship Between the Gut Microbiota and Neurodegenerative Disorders

Iyer,

Verma,

Marathe

et al. 2024

Altered Metabolism: A Major Contributor of Comorbidities in Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Gut-brain axis through the lens of gut microbiota and their relationships with Alzheimer's disease pathology: Review and recommendations

Cited by 18 publications

References 152 publications

From Microbes to Memories: Challenges and Future Perspectives Regarding the Gut-Brain Axis for Improved Cognitive Health in Alzheimer’s

From Microbes to Memories: Challenges and Future Perspectives Regarding the Gut-Brain Axis for Improved Cognitive Health in Alzheimer’s

Design, Synthesis and Anticholinesterase Activity of Coumarin‐1,3,5‐triazine Derivatives

Emerging Relationship Between the Gut Microbiota and Neurodegenerative Disorders

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