Gunshot wounds: 2. Radiology.

Hollerman, Jeremy J.; Fackler, Martin L.; Coldwell, D M; Ben‐Menachem, Yoram

doi:10.2214/ajr.155.4.2119096

Cited by 70 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Imaging techniques are used frequently in the investigation of fatal and non-fatal intracranial gunshot wounds Wülleneweber et al 1977;Cooper et al 1979;Schmidt and Kallieris 1982;Seidel et al 1983;Schumacher et al 1984;Rodieck 1984;Messmer and Fierro 1986;Metter et al 1988;Hollerman et al 1990;Teitelbaum et al 1990;Smith et al 1991;Harris 1991;Besenski et al 1995). Bullets and ectopic bone can be detected by plain film radiographs in two planes but if the brain is not isolated, small foreign bodies and those located in the vicinity of the base of the skull can elude detection due to masking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological findings in the brain after experimental gunshots using radiology, pathology and histology

Karger

Puskas

Ruwald³

et al. 1998

International Journal of Legal Medicine

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The tissue disruption inside the brain after experimental gunshots to the head was investigated with special reference to secondary bone missiles and intracranial pressure effects such as cortical contusion and deep intracerebral haemorrhages. The evidential value of various examination methods is compared. 9 mm Parabellum ammunition was fired to the temporal region of calves (n = 10) from a distance of 0-10 cm. Plain film radiography, CT, MRI, visual inspection and histology were performed on every brain. The tissue disruption of the permanent tract is delineated best by artefact-free MRI. Cortical contusions and deep intracerebral haemorrhages were detected infrequently by visual inspection and imaging techniques although they were present in every brain as verified by histology. These injuries remote from the tract increase cerebral wounding compared to non-confined tissue. In particular, the brain stem and central areas were frequent sites of haemorrhages, which can be expected to have serious and immediate consequences. Ectopic bone fragments were found in all brains using CT scans. Bone fragments were located inside clearly enlarged permanent tracts or were driven into brain tissue. In the latter cases, secondary shot channels up to 4 cm in length could be verified by histology. Cortical contusions and intracerebral haemorrhages can only be detected reliably by histology. The localization of bone fragments requires CT scans. Therefore, a detailed examination is accomplished best by a combination of the methods applied in this study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological findings in the brain after experimental gunshots using radiology, pathology and histology

Karger

Puskas

Ruwald³

et al. 1998

International Journal of Legal Medicine

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“…The animals of group A were most often shot with ball bullets, which, in contact with the body, either become deformed and disintegrate (Fig. 4a) or do not demonstrate any deformation (full metal jacket (9,20). There were 10 (37.04%) shots of this type, exclusively in dogs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, there were 9 (33.3%) shotgun bullets with many fine and round pellets, rarely susceptible to mechanical deformation (Fig. 4b) (9,20). Airgun bullets (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiological and forensic veterinary analysis of gunshot cases in eastern Poland

Listos¹,

Komsta²,

Łopuszyński³

et al. 2016

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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SummaryA widespread availability of firearms makes animals the victims of both intentional and accidental shootings by man. In Poland, statistical surveys on gunshot cases in animals are not carried out. The present authors attempt to assess the frequency and character of gunshot injuries in animals on the basis of their observations from 2000-2009, taking into account changes in the law regulating the availability of firearms. The material involved 171 study protocols of patients whose radiological evaluation revealed the presence of bullets. The analysis covered different species of animals, taking into account the number of fatal and nonfatal injuries. Besides, gunshot wounds were classified according to their direct effect on the animals' clinical status. During the radiographic assessment, the type of ammunition was also evaluated. The majority of gunshot victims were dogs (78.36%), followed by cats (15.20%), hares (2.34%) and roe deer (1.17%). The study also revealed the presence of bullets in the bodies of birds (2.92%) (one great egret, one golden eagle, one buzzard, one raven and one jackdaw). Additionally, the animals' medical history was obtained from the owners (especially of dogs and cats) to determine whether the owners were aware of gunshot wounds in their pets. The amendment of the general provisions regulating the availability of firearms has affected the character of gunshot injuries and the number of victims.

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“…We reconstructed the data with a cone beam-filtered back-projection algorithm into a 512×512×k voxel matrix, where k ranged from approximately 340 to 900 depending on the length in the z-direction of the specimen. The final 12-bit Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) image data had isotropic voxel sizes in the range of (0.13 mm) 3 to (0.295 mm) 3 . The small voxel sizes are smaller than the intrinsic system resolution but gave the best subjective visual impression of the images.…”

Section: Human Skull Specimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of computed tomography (CT) scanners is rapidly becoming established in forensic medicine [3,6,12]. A major advantage of digital data sets from CT scans lies in the possibility of reconstructing the processes and mechanisms of trauma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations on an isolated skull with gunshot wounds using flat-panel CT

et al. 2008

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The use of computed tomography (CT) scanners is rapidly becoming established in forensic medicine. Current multislice CT (MSCT) scanners attain a resolution of 0.42 mm. An isolated skull with gunshot injuries was examined with a high-resolution eXplore Locus Ultra flat-panel CT (eLU-CT) and MSCT. Structures and minute fissures in the bone interior, which were neither visible macroscopically nor with the MSCT data, could be imaged with the eLU-CT data. In addition, a tiny interior impact defect from a retained missile could be detected by eLU-CT, which clearly aided the reconstruction of the gunshots in this case.

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Gunshot wounds: 2. Radiology.

Cited by 70 publications

References 0 publications

Morphological findings in the brain after experimental gunshots using radiology, pathology and histology

Morphological findings in the brain after experimental gunshots using radiology, pathology and histology

Radiological and forensic veterinary analysis of gunshot cases in eastern Poland

Investigations on an isolated skull with gunshot wounds using flat-panel CT

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