Guiding light with conformal transformations

Landy, Nathan; Padilla, Willie J.

doi:10.1364/oe.17.014872

Cited by 108 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Incident light does not naturally converge/concentrate in a radial fashion, though it may be engineered to do so with, for example, a microlens array [32]. Therefore, it is interesting to observe the functional differences in the generation rates produced from such effects.…”

Section: E Generation Currentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical device-physics framework for non-planar solar cells

Kirkpatrick

Burns

Naughton

2015

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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Non-planar solar-cell devices have been promoted as a means to enhance current collection in absorber materials with charge-transport limitations. This work presents an analytical framework for assessing the ultimate performance of non-planar solar-cells based on materials and geometry. Herein, the physics of the p-n junction is analyzed for low-injection conditions, when the junction can be considered spatially separable into quasi-neutral and space-charge regions. For the conventional planar solar cell architecture, previously established one-dimensional expressions governing charge carrier transport are recovered from the framework established herein. Space-charge region recombination statistics are compared for planar and non-planar geometries, showing variations in recombination current produced from the space-charge region. In addition, planar and non-planar solar cell performance are simulated, based on a semi-empirical expression for short-circuit current, detailing variations in charge carrier transport and efficiency as a function of geometry, thereby yielding insights into design criteria for solar cell architectures. For the conditions considered here, the expressions for generation rate and total current are shown to universally govern any solar cell geometry, while recombination within the spacecharge region is shown to be directly dependent on the geometrical orientation of the p-n junction.

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Section: E Generation Currentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical device-physics framework for non-planar solar cells

Kirkpatrick

Burns

Naughton

2015

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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“…The unique properties of metamaterials create possibilities for novel applications difficult to achieve with naturally occurring materials -cloaking [5][6][7] and superlensing [8][9][10] being two prime examples. Although the aforementioned cases largely motivate metamaterials research, arguably the real power of metamaterials stems from their ability to construct materials with a specific electric and magnetic response.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-layer terahertz metamaterials with bulk optical constants

et al. 2012

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We investigate the conditions under which single layer metamaterials may be described by bulk optical constants. Terahertz time domain spectroscopy is utilized to investigate two types of geometries, both with two different sizes of embedding dielectric -cubic and tetragonal unit cells. The tetragonal metamaterials are shown to yield layer dependent optical constants, whereas the cubic metamaterials yielded layer independent optical constants. We establish guidelines for when ǫ and µ can be used as material parameters for single layer metamaterials. Experimental results at terahertz frequencies are presented and supported by full wave three dimensional electromagnetic simulations.

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“…[29][30][31] These mappings approximately satisfy the Cauchy-Riemann equations, and can be regarded as possessing all the properties of a conformal mapping for the purposes of the TO approach. [32][33][34] Here, the QC mappings are obtained by solving Poisson's equation with NeumannDirichlet boundary conditions using the Poisson transform algorithm. 30 As illustrated by Figure 2, the mesh grids created by the QC mappings possess strong orthogonality within the entire transformation domain, indicating that the anisotropy of the medium has been minimized.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated photonic systems based on transformation optics enabled gradient index devices

Turpin

Werner

2012

Light Sci Appl

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Integrated photonics is expected to play an increasingly important role in optical communications, imaging, computing and sensing with the promise for significant reduction in the cost and weight of these systems. Future advancement of this technology is critically dependent on an ability to develop compact and reliable optical components and facilitate their integration on a common substrate. Here we reveal, with the utility of the emerging transformation optics technique, that functional components composed of planar gradient index materials can be designed and readily integrated into photonic circuits. The unprecedented design flexibility of transformation optics allows for the creation of a number of novel devices, such as a light source collimator, waveguide adapters and a waveguide crossing, which have broad applications in integrated photonic chips and are compatible with current fabrication technology. Using the finite-difference time-domain method, we perform full-wave numerical simulations to demonstrate their superior optical performance and efficient integration with other components in an on-chip photonic system. These components only require spatially-varying dielectric materials with no magnetic properties, facilitating low-loss, broadband operation in an integrated photonic environment.

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Guiding light with conformal transformations

Cited by 108 publications

References 28 publications

Analytical device-physics framework for non-planar solar cells

Analytical device-physics framework for non-planar solar cells

Single-layer terahertz metamaterials with bulk optical constants

Integrated photonic systems based on transformation optics enabled gradient index devices

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