Growth Substances From Veratrum tenuipetalum

Abstract

A bstract. Young leaves and buds of Veratrum tenuipetalum yielded non-indolic growth accelerators and inhibitors in the acidic ether fraction. The titer of accelerators decreased while the inhibitors increased as leaves matured. This was also true when comparing extracts of immature and fruiting inflorescences. Indole 3-acetic acid was at no time detected in leaf, bud, and inflorescence extracts but indole 3-acetyl-aspartic acid was readily recovered from all of these.The alkaline ether fraction of leaf base meristems, buds, roots, and rhizomes was rich in crystalline and amorphous alkaloids and phenolic acids. Reducing the quantity of major substances through crystallization, precipitation, and filtration permitted thin film chromatographic separation of the minor alkaloids and phenolic acids in the presence of the major ones. The unchromatographed mixture, and also certain of the purified major and minor alkaloids studied, strongly inhibited growth in germinating oat and winter rye seeds. In addition, profound changes in morphology and cytology of the seminal roots resulted. DNA disappeared partially to completely from affected tissue in 2 day germinated seeds. I No. 3 ch 1968Western Veratrutin species have a reputationi for toxicity to cattile and sheep (1). \VThen I observed in the Colorado Rockies massive monospecific stands of Veratrutm and learned that these had develloped over the pa,sgt 25 years through ecological invasiveness this suiggested tha't substanices capable of influencing germination, morphogenesis, andcl growvth might be isolatedl from this gentus. At the periphery of these stands species of Delphinimn and Aconitunm and even smal,l subalpine fir or Englemann spruice trees ha(l a sp ndily anid pale look. Cou,ld th,is be expla;ined oni the basis of Veratruwlt root-secreted products or snibstanices liberated to the soil by frost kill of the aboove gro-und parts? I determined to investigate all parts of the plant.

Partial Purification and Characterization of an Inducible Indole-3-Acetyl-L-Aspartic Acid Hydrolase from Enterobacter agglomerans

“…IAA-Asp is known to be an endogenous component of soybean seeds (Cohen, 1982), and available evidence indicates that it is present in many other plant species (Row et al, 1961;Olney, 1968;Tillberg, 1974;Andersson and Sandberg, 1982;Cohen and Ernstsen, 1991;Dunlap et al, 1996). However, despite its widespread existence in plants and two hopeful preliminary reports (Lantican and Muir, 1967;Higgins and Barnett, 1976), an in vitro system for IAA-Asp synthesis or hydrolysis by an enzymatic mechanism has yet to be achieved (Bandurski et al, 1995).…”

Mechanism of Naphthaleneacetic Acid Conjugation

“…He also proposed that only auxin found in the cytoplasm was biologically active, and that it is in equilibrium with both the auxin present in solution and that bound within the cell. However, on several occasions IAAsp has been found in plants in the absence of exogenous application of IAA (19,26,27,30,35,37). conjugates of IAA and NAA, respectively (40).…”

Occurrence of Endogenous Indol‐3yI‐Aspartic Acid in Light and Dark‐Grown Bean Seedlings (Phaseolus vulgaris)

“…He regarded it as made up of organic acids. In extracts from green leaves of Veratrum Olney (1968) found an acid inhibitor at the application zone on the chromatograms. Olney suggested that this inhibiting substance emanated from the cuticular wax of the leaves.…”

“…Presence of IAAsp without application of IAA has earlier been demonstrated in dry seeds, green tissue and fruits of some ten other plant species (e.g. by Klambt I960, Row et al 1961, v. Raussen-dorflF-Bargen 1962, Weawer and Jackson 1963, Olney 1968.…”