Growth Response of Drought-Stressed Pinus sylvestris Seedlings to Single- and Multi-Species Inoculation with Ectomycorrhizal Fungi

Kipfer, Tabea; Wohlgemuth, Thomas; Heijden, Marcel G. A. van der; Ghazoul, Jaboury; Egli, Simon

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035275

Cited by 60 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Among the fungi in our study, C. geophilum is known as a drought-tolerant species (Coleman et al, 1989;Di Pietro et al, 2007). It is abundant on beech roots in dry habitats (Jany et al, 2003;Pena et al, 2010), but its function for forest tree N nutrition has been disputed (Herzog et al, 2012;Kipfer et al, 2012). The current results indicate a buffering function for C. geophilum against varying environmental conditions but also suggest that other EMF species provide greater host benefits under water-limiting conditions.…”

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confidence: 55%

Attributing functions to ectomycorrhizal fungal identities in assemblages for nitrogen acquisition under stress

Pena

Polle

2013

The ISME Journal

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Mycorrhizal fungi have a key role in nitrogen (N) cycling, particularly in boreal and temperate ecosystems. However, the significance of ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) diversity for this important ecosystem function is unknown. Here, EMF taxon-specific N uptake was analyzed via 15 N isotope enrichment in complex root-associated assemblages and non-mycorrhizal root tips in controlled experiments. Specific 15 N enrichment in ectomycorrhizas, which represents the N influx and export, as well as the exchange of 15 N with the N pool of the root tip, was dependent on the fungal identity. Light or water deprivation revealed interspecific response diversity for N uptake. Partial taxonspecific N fluxes for ectomycorrhizas were assessed, and the benefits of EMF assemblages for plant N nutrition were estimated. We demonstrated that ectomycorrhizal assemblages provide advantages for inorganic N uptake compared with non-mycorrhizal roots under environmental constraints but not for unstressed plants. These benefits were realized via stress activation of distinct EMF taxa, which suggests significant functional diversity within EMF assemblages. We developed and validated a model that predicts net N flux into the plant based on taxon-specific 15 N enrichment in ectomycorrhizal root tips. These results open a new avenue to characterize the functional traits of EMF taxa in complex communities.

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confidence: 55%

Attributing functions to ectomycorrhizal fungal identities in assemblages for nitrogen acquisition under stress

Pena

Polle

2013

The ISME Journal

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“…Across field and laboratory studies examining the effect of drought stress on pines, shifts in EM colonization rates are variable (Bell and Adams 2004;Kennedy and Peay 2007;Kipfer et al 2012;Meier et al 1990;Runion et al 1997;Swaty et al 2004;Valdés et al 2006). The responsiveness of EM fungi to drought may be mediated by soil properties (Gehring and Whitham 1994;Swaty et al 1998), and the identity of fungi present.…”

Section: Abundancementioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences for ectomycorrhizal fungi of the selective loss or gain of pine across landscapes

Karst

Randall

Gehring

2014

Botany

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Altered disturbance regimes and novel introductions are causing rapid shifts in the distribution of pines (Pinus L.). The functionally obligate symbiosis between pines and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi dictates that shifts in the distribution of one partner will affect the distribution of the other. In this review, we examine evidence for three hypotheses. (1) The loss of photosynthates through stress or tree mortality decreases the abundance of EM fungi and selects for less carbon-demanding species.(2) Pine introductions initiate establishment of novel EM fungal communities. (3) The extent of shifts in EM fungal abundance and community composition is mediated by surrounding vegetation. We find support for these hypotheses though changes in EM fungal abundance are variable and context-dependent. We posit that the consequences of shifts in EM fungal abundance and community composition extend beyond the individual tree to the landscape; these changes may affect population dynamics of both symbionts, ecosystem processes, and the conservation and evolution of fungi. In addition to conducting baseline surveys to assess the distribution of EM fungi, increasing our understanding of their function, morphology, propagation, and controls on host-specificity, and shifts would also assist in predicting the trajectory of ecosystems following the loss or gain of pine.Résumé : Les régimes de perturbation modifiés et les nouvelles introductions sont responsables des déplacements rapides de la distribution des pins (Pinus L.). La symbiose fonctionnelle obligée entre les pins et les champignons ectomycorhizes (EM) signifie que des changements dans la distribution d'un partenaire affectera la distribution de l'autre. Dans cet article de revue, les auteurs examinent les données qui soutiennent trois hypothèses. (1) La perte de photosynthats à cause du stress ou de la mortalité des arbres diminue l'abondance des champignons EM et sélectionne les espèces à demande plus faible en carbone.(2) L'introduction du pin initie l'établissement de nouvelles communautés d'EM fongiques. (3) L'étendue des changements d'abondance des EM fongiques et la composition de la communauté passent par l'intermédiaire de la végétation environnante. Les auteurs ont trouvé un appui à ces hypothèses à travers le fait que les changements d'abondance des EM fongiques sont variables et dépendent du contexte. Ils postulent que les conséquences de ces déplacements sur le plan de l'abondance des EM fongiques et de la composition de la communauté vont au delà de l'arbre individuel vers l'écosystème ; ces changements peuvent affecter la dynamique de la population des deux symbiotes, les processus de l'écosystème et la conservation et l'évolution des champignons. En plus de réaliser des estimations de référence afin d'évaluer la distribution des EM fongiques, il est nécessaire de mieux comprendre leur fonction, leur morphologie, leur propagation et les contrôles de la spécificité à un hôte et des déplacements, afin de prédire la trajectoire des écosystèmes à la suite d'une...

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“…For example, mycorrhizal fungi can convey plant tolerance to drought, and thus drought resistant genotypemycorrhizal pairs are likely to persist as drought-prone ecosystems dry under climatic change (e.g. Kipfer et al 2012).…”

Section: Soil Community Responses To Climate Change Affect Plant-soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant genetic effects on soils under climate change

et al. 2013

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Background In the face of climate change, shifts in genetic structure and composition of terrestrial plant species are occurring worldwide. Because different genotypes of these plant species support different soil biota and soil processes, shifts in genetics are likely to have cascading effects on ecosystems. Scope We explore plant genetic effects on soil function in the context of climate change, and selection by soils, soil biota and plant-soil feedbacks. We propose categories of genetically-based plant traits that should be prioritized in research on genetic-based effects on soil processes including plant productivity and C allocation, tissue quality, plant water-use, and rhizosphere mutualisms. Additionally, we posit that soil community responses to climate change should be considered in concert with plant genotype because of sensitivity of soil communities to climate. We use two case studies to highlight these points. Conclusions We argue that the effects of climate change as an agent of selection on plants may cascade to affect soils, and ultimately the structure, composition and function of ecosystems. Understanding the ecological and evolutionary potential of plant-soil linkages may help us understand and mitigate the extended consequences of global change for ecosystems worldwide. Accordingly, we conclude with experimental approaches for examining genetically-based plant-soil interactions across climate change gradients.Plant Soil (2014) 379:1-19 DOI 10.1007/s11104-013-1972-x Responsible Editor

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Growth Response of Drought-Stressed Pinus sylvestris Seedlings to Single- and Multi-Species Inoculation with Ectomycorrhizal Fungi

Cited by 60 publications

References 43 publications

Attributing functions to ectomycorrhizal fungal identities in assemblages for nitrogen acquisition under stress

Attributing functions to ectomycorrhizal fungal identities in assemblages for nitrogen acquisition under stress

Consequences for ectomycorrhizal fungi of the selective loss or gain of pine across landscapes

Plant genetic effects on soils under climate change

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