Growth Regulators in Floriculture

Larson, Rebekka A.

doi:10.1002/9781118060735.ch9

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…Triazoles, represented by PB and uniconazole, are among the PGRs with this mode of action. Paclobutrazol has been reported to be effective in controlling vegetative growth, promoting compactness and flower bud initiation, and is used extensively in the production of many ornamental crops (Davis et al, 1988;Gent 2004;Jiao et al, 1986;Larson, 1985), with varying degrees of success in ornamental pepper Whipker et al, 2000). However, information on the effects of PB on growth and fruiting characteristics with or without pinching treatments are limited.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Paclobutrazol and Pinching on Ornamental Pepper

Mutlu¹,

Agan²

2015

hortte

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Pinching, manual removal of shoot apices, and/or plant growth regulators (PGRs) are used to create commercially preferred compact and well-branched ornamental plants. The influence of paclobutrazol (PB) with and without pinching on the growth and fruit characteristics of a tall ornamental pepper (Capsicum annuum) was assessed 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after the initial treatment. PB was sprayed on pinched or nonpinched whole plants at 5, 10, or 15 ppm a.i. Pinching and PB reduced the plant height between 25% and 50% and the canopy diameter up to 8% and 17%, respectively. Height/diameter ratio (H/D) ranged from 1.0 for 10 and 15 ppm PB applied to pinched plants to 2.3 for control plants. Paclobutrazol increased the SPAD chlorophyll value and total fruit number, delayed fruit set, and decreased fruit diameter and dry weight. The relationship between PB and plant height and diameter, SPAD chlorophyll value, dry weight, and fruit number was best explained by a third-order polynomial (r2 = 0.83–0.99). Paclobutrazol may substitute costly pinching treatment for height control and may offer an economic advantage for commercial greenhouse operators.

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Paclobutrazol and Pinching on Ornamental Pepper

Mutlu¹,

Agan²

2015

hortte

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“…Numerous techniques have been used to control height and produce marketable plants. Pinching is the removal of the apical bud to overcome apical dominance and promote lateral branch development and is an economical practice that can be used to keep the plant short with more synchronous flowering (Larson, 1985). Pinching controls plant height, enhances plant width, and increases the number of branches (Beniwal et al, 2003.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Pinching, Number of Cuttings per Pot, and Plant Growth Regulators on Height Control of Purple Firespike

Rezazadeh¹,

Harkess²

2015

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Purple firespike (Odontonema callistachyum), native to Central America, has potential for use as a new flowering potted plant. The effects of number of pinches (zero, one, or two) and number of cuttings (one, two, or three) per 6-inch pot were evaluated on the control of plant height. Plant height was suppressed as the pinch number increased. The greatest reduction was recorded with one cutting per pot and two pinches. The maximum number of branches per pot was recorded with two pinches and three cuttings per pot. In a second experiment, plant growth regulators (PGR) were also tested for efficacy of height control; 2 weeks after pinching, foliar sprays of paclobutrazol, flurprimidol, daminozide, chlormequat, and a tank-mix of daminozide + chlormequat or media drenches of paclobutrazol, uniconazole, or flurprimidol were applied. Plant height, leaf area, and leaf dry weight were recorded at 3, 6, and 9 weeks after PGR application. Maximum height control was obtained with uniconazole drench at 8 ppm, resulting in plants 22 cm tall, 61% shorter than the untreated control (56 cm); however, it resulted in severe leaf distortion. Plant height was 56% and 46% shorter than the control using drenches of paclobutrazol at 30 ppm and flurprimidol at 15 ppm, respectively. Daminozide spray at 2000 ppm and tank-mix of daminozide + chlormequat at 4500/1500 ppm suppressed stem elongation by 20.3% and 19%, respectively. Plants treated with paclobutrazol drench at 30 ppm reduced leaf area and leaf dry weight compared with other PGRs. Chlormequat spray at tested concentrations was ineffective for controlling firespike plant growth. The most attractive potted plants were produced using a drench application of paclobutrazol at 10 or 15 ppm.

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“…Reduction of the shoot growth of many ornamental plants is obtained by the use of plant growth retardants (Warner and Erwin, 2003;Lodeta et al, 2010). Both the risk of lodging in plants with very long stems and their requirement of more space, labor and higher transport costs increase the importance of plant height control in the production of ornamental plants (Larson, 1985;Hayashi et al, 2001;Karlovic et al, 2004;Kazaz et al, 2010). The high number of flowers both affects the crop appearance and attracts the attention of consumers (Kazaz et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To counteract excessive stem elongation, plant growth retardants like CCC and B9 are usually used (Sachs and Hackett, 1972;Larson, 1985;Messinger and Holcomb, 1986;Bailey and Whipker, 1998). These compounds which are the largest group of growth regulators in floriculture and horticulture industry, can delay cell division and elongation of plant aerial parts as well restrict gibberellins biosynthesis, resulted in reduces internodes length and vegetative growth (Catchey, 1964;Sanderson, 1973;Cosgrove and Sovonick-Dunford, 1989;Magnitskiy et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of cycocel and daminozide on some growth and flowering characteristics of Calendula officinalis L., an ornamental and medicinal plant

Hashemabadi¹,

Lipaei²,

Shadparvar³

et al. 2012

J. Med. Plants Res.

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The effect of spray application of two plant growth retardants (cycocel and daminozide) on the growth, flowering and amount of essential oils of Calendula officinalis L. was investigated. Combinations of cycocel (CCC) (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/L) and daminozide (B9) (0, 1500, 3000, and 4500 mg/L) was used three times. Plant height, number of flowers per plant, number of leaves per plant, flower dry weight, flower fresh weight, time of flowering and the amount of essential oils per 100 g dried flower were measured. Results showed that the effect of CCC and B9 were significant on the amount of essential oils per 100 g dried flower and plant height (p≤0.01). Also, interaction effects of CCC and B9 were significant on plant height, the number of flowers per plant, number of leaves per plant, flower dry weight and the amount of essential oils per 100 g dried flower. The lowest plant height (30.67 cm), the largest number of flowers per plant (3.33), the highest number of leaves (6.67), and the highest amount of essential oils per 100 g dried flower (0.159 mL) were observed in 500 mg/L CCC + 4500 mg/L B9, 500 mg/L CCC + 1500 mg/L B-9, 500 mg/L CCC + 1500 mg/L B9 and 1500 mg/L CCC + 1500 mg/L B9, respectively.

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Growth Regulators in Floriculture

Cited by 9 publications

References 161 publications

Effects of Paclobutrazol and Pinching on Ornamental Pepper

Effects of Paclobutrazol and Pinching on Ornamental Pepper

Effects of Pinching, Number of Cuttings per Pot, and Plant Growth Regulators on Height Control of Purple Firespike

The effect of cycocel and daminozide on some growth and flowering characteristics of Calendula officinalis L., an ornamental and medicinal plant

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