Growth-promoting Activity for Pigs of Inactivated Penicillin

Taylor, J. H.; Gordon, W. S.

doi:10.1038/176312a0

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…42 This effect has subsequently been shown in common types of mammalian livestock (cows, pigs and sheep) and in poultry. 43 A wide variety of antimicrobial agents has been demonstrated to have these effects regardless of class of drug (antibiotic, ionophore, or antiseptic), chemical structure, mode of action and spectrum of activity.…”

Section: Antibiotics and Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 93%

Antibiotics in early life and obesity

Cox

Blaser²

2014

Nat Rev Endocrinol

460

326

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The intestinal microbiota can influence host metabolism. When given early in life, agents that disrupt microbiota composition and consequently its metabolic activity, can influence body mass of the host by either promoting weight gain or stunting growth, which is consistent with effects of the microbiota on development. In this Perspective, we posit that microbiota disruptions in early-life can have long-lasting effects on body weight in adulthood. Furthermore, we examine the dichotomy between antibiotic-induced repressed or promoted growth and review the experimental and epidemiological evidence that supports these phenotypes. Considering the characteristics of the gut microbiota in early life as a distinct dimension of human growth and development, as well as comprehending its susceptibility to perturbation, will allow for increased understanding of human physiology and could lead to development of interventions to stem current epidemic diseases, such as obesity and types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Section: Antibiotics and Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 93%

Antibiotics in early life and obesity

Cox

Blaser²

2014

Nat Rev Endocrinol

460

326

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In 1943, a few farmers in USA found that pigs fed with penicillin-fermented mixture grew faster (Wahlstrom et al, 1950; Hewes, 1955; Taylor and Gordon, 1955). In 1946, Moore found that low dose of streptomycin stimulated chick’s growth (Moore and Evenson, 1946; Dibner and Richards, 2005).…”

Section: Benefits Of Antimicrobial Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits and risks of antimicrobial use in food-producing animals

et al. 2014

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Benefits and risks of antimicrobial drugs, used in food-producing animals, continue to be complex and controversial issues. This review comprehensively presents the benefits of antimicrobials drugs regarding control of animal diseases, protection of public health, enhancement of animal production, improvement of environment, and effects of the drugs on biogas production and public health associated with antimicrobial resistance. The positive and negative impacts, due to ban issue of antimicrobial agents used in food-producing animals, are also included in the discussion. As a double-edged sword, use of these drugs in food-animals persists as a great challenge.

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“…Germ-free mice cannot completely assimilate food nutrients, indicating the role of the microbiota in nutrition (6). Supplementing the feed of farm animals with low-dose antibiotics enhances growth rate and feeding efficiency (7,8). Such effects are not observed in germ-free animals (9,10) and thus are not side-effects of the antibiotics but are due to their effects on the microbiota (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of HDAC6 alters gut microbiota and worsens obesity

et al. 2018

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Alterations in gut microbiota are known to affect intestinal inflammation and obesity. Antibiotic treatment can affect weight gain by elimination of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor-producing microbes, which are anti-inflammatory by augmenting regulatory T (T) cells. We asked whether mice that lack HDAC6 and have potent suppressive T cells are protected from microbiota-induced accelerated weight gain. We crossed wild-type and HDAC6-deficient mice and subjected the offspring to perinatal penicillin, inducing weight gain via microbiota disturbance. We observed that male HDAC6-deficient mice were not protected and developed profoundly accelerated weight gain. The antibiotic-exposed HDAC6-deficient mice showed a mixed immune phenotype with increased CD4 and CD8 T-cell activation yet maintained the enhanced T cell-suppressive function phenotype characteristic of HDAC6-deficient mice. 16S rRNA sequencing of mouse fecal samples reveals that their microbiota diverged with time, with HDAC6 deletion altering microbiome composition. On a high-fat diet, HDAC6-deficient mice were depleted in representatives of the S24-7 family and Lactobacillus but enriched with Bacteroides and Parabacteroides; these changes are associated with obesity. Our findings further our understanding of the influence of HDACs on microbiome composition and are important for the development of HDAC6 inhibitors in the treatment of human diseases.-Lieber, A. D., Beier, U. H., Xiao, H., Wilkins, B. J., Jiao, J., Li, X. S., Schugar, R. C., Strauch, C. M., Wang, Z., Brown, J. M., Hazen, S. L., Bokulich, N. A., Ruggles, K. V., Akimova, T., Hancock, W. W., Blaser, M. J. Loss of HDAC6 alters gut microbiota and worsens obesity.

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Growth-promoting Activity for Pigs of Inactivated Penicillin

Cited by 30 publications

References 2 publications

Antibiotics in early life and obesity

Antibiotics in early life and obesity

Benefits and risks of antimicrobial use in food-producing animals

Loss of HDAC6 alters gut microbiota and worsens obesity

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