Growth plate stress distribution implications during bone development: A simple framework computational approach

Guevara, Johana; Moncayo, M.A.; Vaca‐González, Juan Jairo; Gutiérrez, María Lucía Lahoz; Barrera, Luis Alejandro; Garzón‐Alvarado, Diego Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2014.10.007

Cited by 35 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Claes and Heigele 20 reported that intramembranous bone formation occurs within a certain range of strain and stress, otherwise endochondral bone or connective tissue are formed. Guevara et al 21 proposed a computational approach to find the effect of stress distribution during the development of long bone. Here, we propose a mechanobiological model that combines the influence of mechanical stimuli with a reaction-diffusion model to predict and explain the process of cranial vault bone formation and development in the mouse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Analysis of Bone Formation in the Cranial Vault Using a Coupled Reaction–diffusion-Strain Model

Lee

Richtsmeier

Kraft

2017

J. Mech. Med. Biol.

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Bones of the murine cranial vault are formed by differentiation of mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts, a process that is primarily understood to be controlled by a cascade of reactions between extracellular molecules and cells. We assume that the process can be modeled using Turing’s reaction-diffusion equations, a mathematical model describing the pattern formation controlled by two interacting molecules (activator and inhibitor). In addition to the processes modeled by reaction-diffusion equations, we hypothesize that mechanical stimuli of the cells due to growth of the underlying brain contribute significantly to the process of cell differentiation in cranial vault development. Structural analysis of the surface of the brain was conducted to explore the effects of the mechanical strain on bone formation. We propose a mechanobiological model for the formation of cranial vault bones by coupling the reaction-diffusion model with structural mechanics. The mathematical formulation was solved using the finite volume method. The computational domain and model parameters are determined using a large collection of experimental data that provide precise three dimensional (3D) measures of murine cranial geometry and cranial vault bone formation for specific embryonic time points. The results of this study suggest that mechanical strain contributes information to specific aspects of bone formation. Our mechanobiological model predicts some key features of cranial vault bone formation that were verified by experimental observations including the relative location of ossification centers of individual vault bones, the pattern of cranial vault bone growth over time, and the position of cranial vault sutures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Analysis of Bone Formation in the Cranial Vault Using a Coupled Reaction–diffusion-Strain Model

Lee

Richtsmeier

Kraft

2017

J. Mech. Med. Biol.

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“…Mechanical stress is known as a major factor in the development of bone and cartilage [29]. Changes in stress distribution in the patellofemoral joint will affect cartilage metabolism; positional mismatches between the patella and femoral trochlea may lead to OA [30][31][32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cartilage degeneration is associated with activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in a growing rat experimental model of developmental trochlear dysplasia

Lin

Dai

Niu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Trochlear dysplasia is a commonly encountered lower extremity deformity in humans. However, the molecular mechanism of cartilage degeneration in trochlear dysplasia is unclear thus far. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is known to be important for regulating the pathophysiology of cartilage degeneration. This study investigated the relationship of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway with trochlear dysplasia cartilage degeneration. Materials and methods: In total, 120 female Sprague-Dawley rats (4 weeks of age) were randomly separated into control and experimental groups. Distal femurs were isolated from the experimental group at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery; they were isolated from the control group at the same time points. Micro-computed tomography and histological examination were performed to investigate trochlear anatomy and changes in trochlear cartilage. Subsequently, expression patterns of PI3K/AKT, TGFβ1, and ADAMTS-4 in cartilage were investigated by immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: In the experimental group, the trochlear dysplasia model was successfully established at 8 weeks after surgery. Moreover, cartilage degeneration was observed beginning at 8 weeks after surgery, with higher protein and mRNA expression levels of PI3K/AKT, TGFβ1, and ADAMTS-4, relative to the control group. Conclusions: Patellar instability might lead to trochlear dysplasia in growing rats. Moreover, trochlear dysplasia may cause patellofemoral osteoarthritis; cartilage degeneration in trochlear dysplasia might be associated with activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. These results provide insights regarding the high incidence of osteoarthritis in patients with trochlear dysplasia. However, more research is needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms.

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“…С другой стороны, в наших ранних исследованиях изменения в активности росткового хряща наблюдались и при полном исключении каких-либо клеточно-гуморальных воздействий на него [17]. Поэтому можно предположить, что у пациентов с заболеванием позвоночника замедление роста стопы происходило вследствие угнетения ростковых зон ее костей на фоне нарушения баланса распределения нагрузки в пределах стопы, что приводило к неадекватному изменению механических стимулов [18]. Известно, что одной из основных функций стопы является рессорная, которая заключается в способности сводов стопы гасить энергию удара, возникающего в момент касания стопы с опорой во время ходьбы или бега.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Foot Function Disorders in Children with Severe Spondylolisthesis of L5 Vertebra

Евгеньевич

Валентинович

2019

Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia

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Background. In children with spondylolisthesis, there are still unexplained aspects in the relationship of the degree of displacement of the L5 vertebra with the severity of the clinical picture and neurological disorders. At the same time, aspects of the mutual aggravating influence of the indicated spinal disorder on the condition of the feet have not been studied. Therefore, the problem of identifying disorder of foot function in children with spinal spondylolisthesis of the L5 vertebra is relevant.Aim of the study — to evaluate the deviations in parameters of the transverse and longitudinal arches of feet in children suffering from severe spondylolisthesis of the L5 vertebra.Materials and Methods. In the period from 2016 to 2018, 12 children aged 14.1 y.o. [12,7; 15,5] were examined with spondylolisthesis of the L5 vertebral body of grade III-IV, accompanied by stenosis of the spinal canal at the same level and by compression of the roots of the spinal cord. Imaging diagnostics included multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To estimate the function of the feet, double-bearing and single-bearing plantography was used. The data for the control group included only plantographic examinations of 12 healthy children of the same age.Results. In patients with spondylolisthesis, the mean value of the anterior t and intermediate s plantographic bearing indices were significantly lower than those of healthy children. At the same time, in tests with an increased load on the foot in patients, there was no significant increase in the mean anterior t and medial m indices, which indicates the dynamic rigidity of the transverse and medial longitudinal arches. The value of the lateral plantographic index l showed its significant pathological increase compared with the normal value at double-bearing load, which indicates the static rigidity of the lateral longitudinal arch. Correlation analysis demonstrated that, against the normal state, the bearing ability of the feet in sick children is realized through a pathological strengthening of the functional relationship between the arches of the foot at double-bearing load and a non-physiological reduction of the interaction between arches at single-bearing load.Conclusion. In children with severe forms of vertebra spondylolisthesis, the parameters of plantographic characteristics indicate the rigidity of the arches of the feet and the distortion of their bearing pattern. It is necessary to take into account the aggravating effect of rigid feet on the state of the spine and include the examination of the bearing function of the feet in the algorithm for the comprehensive diagnosis of children with spondylolisthesis.

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Growth plate stress distribution implications during bone development: A simple framework computational approach

Cited by 35 publications

References 34 publications

A Computational Analysis of Bone Formation in the Cranial Vault Using a Coupled Reaction–diffusion-Strain Model

A Computational Analysis of Bone Formation in the Cranial Vault Using a Coupled Reaction–diffusion-Strain Model

Cartilage degeneration is associated with activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in a growing rat experimental model of developmental trochlear dysplasia

Foot Function Disorders in Children with Severe Spondylolisthesis of L5 Vertebra

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