Growth performance, immune status and organ morphometry in broilers fed Bacillus subtilis-supplemented diet

Sikandar, Arbab; Zaneb, Hafsa; Younus, Muhammad; Masood, Saima; Aslam, Asim; Shah, Maqsood; Rehman, Habib

doi:10.4314/sajas.v47i3.14

Cited by 27 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Likewise, a similar production performance was observed between PB and AGP groups at both 28 and 35 d of age ( Table 2 , Table 3 , Table 4 ), significantly higher ( P ˂ 0.05) than the CO group. Our results resemble those reported by other researchers using other B. subtilis strains ( Sikandar et al., 2017 ; Teo and Tan, 2007 ; Park et al., 2020 ; Zhang et al., 2021 ). Moreover, in our trial, EEF results were similar between AGP and PB groups, which is highly relevant because it includes all indicators of zootechnical importance and is in agreement with previous results ( Fritts et al., 2000 ; Opalinski et al., 2007 ; Bitterncout et al., 2011 ; Knap et al., 2011 ; Jayaraman et al., 2017 ; Manafi et al., 2017 ; Krueger et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of the use of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (QST 713) as a growth promoter in broilers: an alternative to bacitracin methylene disalicylate

2021

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The global poultry trend toward the more responsible use of antibiotics is becoming recurrent and has demanded the need to generate new natural alternatives. Probiotics have gained importance as an option to use as growth promoters. This study aimed to evaluate Bacillus subtillis QST713 as a substitute for an antibiotic growth promoter ( BMD ). A total of 150 male broilers were assigned to three dietary treatments: 1) control diet ( CO ), 2) control diet + 500 g/t of BMD ( AGP ), and 3) control diet + 100 g/t of B. subtilis QST713 ( PB ), respectively. Each treatment was monitored for 5 wk for the productive variables: body weight, accumulated feed consumption, food conversion, and European efficiency factor. At the end of each week, fresh fecal samples were cultured and quantified for E. coli, Enterococcus spp., and Lactobacillus spp. At the end of the trial, blood samples were analyzed for hemogram and intestinal samples (anterior portion) for histomorphometry. The data were statistically analyzed with an analysis of variance and subjected to a least significant difference test (Tukey). The zootechnical yields were similar in the AGP and PB groups ( P ˃ 0.05); both superior to the control group. In the hematological profiles, no difference was observed between the experimental groups. E. coli and Enterococcus counts were significantly lower ( P ˂ 0.05), and Lactobacillus counts were significantly ( P ˂ 0.05) higher in the PB group, relative to CO and AGP groups. No differences ( P ˃ 0.05) were found in bacterial counts between the CO and AGP groups. The intestinal mucosa and villi in the PB group were significantly ( P ˂ 0.05) longer and with less deeper crypts than CO and AGP groups. We conclude that B. subtillis QST713, used at the suggested commercial dose (100 g/ton), is an effective growth-promoting alternative to BMD that modulates the microbiota and intestinal architecture, thus producing zootechnical yields consistent with BMD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of the use of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (QST 713) as a growth promoter in broilers: an alternative to bacitracin methylene disalicylate

2021

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“…It has been reported that probiotics enhanced the production of natural antibodies in chickens (Haghighi et al, 2006). Moreover, the probiotic Bacillus subtilis has been reported to improve humoral and cellular responses of broiler chicks (Khaksefidi & Ghoorchi, 2006;Sikandar et al, 2017). Similarly, dietary addition of probiotic in the present study significantly increased the antibody titre against SRBC at 14 days post first inoculation but no effect was observed two weeks post second inoculation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Probiotics and acidifiers, among others, have been considered as alternatives to antibiotic growth promotors (Mountzouris et al, 2010;Zhang & Kim, 2014). In general, the effect of dietary addition of either probiotics or acidifiers on broilers was investigated by many researchers (Pelicano et al, 2005;Samli et al, 2007;Awad et al, 2009;Rodríguez-Lecompte et al, 2012;Khan & Iqbal, 2016;Sikandar et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Response of Broiler Chicks to Dietary Supplementation with a Probiotic, Acidifiers Blend, and Their Combination

Elhassan

Ali

Kehlet

et al. 2021

Braz. J. Poult. Sci.

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This study investigated the effect of a probiotic (Bacillus subtilis DSM 17299), blend of acidifiers, and their combination on the performance of broiler chicks. Two hundred and twenty unsexed one-day-old broilers (Ross 308) were randomly distributed into four groups (55 birds per group divided into 5 replicates) as 2X2 factorial arrangement including two factors, probiotic and blend of acidifiers, each of which had two levels: yes and no. Performance was determined weekly. Haemagglutination test was performed on blood samples taken on days 28 and 42 after the birds were injected twice (days 14 and 28) with 10% suspension of sheep red blood cells (SRBC). On day 42, tissue samples taken from the duodenum, jejunum and ileum were prepared for histology via scanning electron microscopy. During the first three weeks, dietary addition of probiotic significantly (p<0.05) increased body weight gain (BWG) while acidifiers significantly lowered (p<0.01) feed conversion ratio (FCR). Antibody titer against SRBC increased remarkably (p<0.01) 15 days post the first injection when probiotic was administered. The probiotic also increased (p<0.01) the number of the duodenal goblet cells, and the density of jejunal and ileal villi. Overall, the supplementation of probiotic or acidifiers enhanced the growth performance of broiler chicks, mainly during the first three weeks of age. The probiotic also improved the immune response and intestinal morphology of broilers. However, there was no evidence of synergy when probiotic and acidifiers were co-administered.

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“…Most Bacillales are harmless, and their important characteristic is that they can produce spores with extraordinary resistance to adverse conditions. It was found that Bacillus subtilis could effectively colonize the intestinal mucosa and stimulate the growth and development of immune organs in the poultry's digestive tract ( Sikandar et al, 2017 ). Therefore, it could be speculated that a small amount of naturally oxidized corn oil is not harmful to intestinal health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of naturally oxidized corn oil on inflammatory reaction and intestinal health of broilers

Zhang

Mahmood²,

Tang

et al. 2022

Poultry Science

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of naturally oxidized corn oil on the inflammatory reaction and intestinal health of broilers. Total 450, one-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 6 replicate cages (15 birds in each replicate cage). The dietary treatment array consisted of the varying ratio of nonoxidized corn oil to naturally oxidized corn oil from 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0, respectively. The experimental period was 42 d. Serum, jejunum, and contents of cecum samples were taken at the age of 42 d of broilers. The results showed no significant difference in the body weight gain ( BWG ) with a different proportion of oxidized corn oil compared with the 0% oxidized oil group on d 42. The feed intake ( FI ), the concentration of immunoglobulin G ( IgG ), interferon-γ ( IFN-γ ), and interleukin-10 ( IL10 ) in serum showed a significant quadratic response with the increase of oxidized oil concentration on d 42. The serum's concentration of IgG, IFN-γ, and IL-10 reached the highest value at 75% oxidized corn oil. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1β ( IL-1β ), IFN-γ, nuclear factor kappa B ( NF-κB ), tumor necrosis factor α ( TNF-α ), and myeloid differentiation factor-88 ( MyD88 ) in the jejunum were significantly affected by different proportions of oxidized corn oil, and the gene expression levels were highest at 75% oxidized corn oil on d 42. The mRNA expression of Bcl2-associated X ( Bax ) in the jejunum showed a significantly quadratic curve with the increase of oxidized oil concentration, and its gene expression was the highest after adding 50% oxidized corn oil according to the regression equation on d 42. The villus height/crypt depth and goblet cells of jejunum decreased linearly with the increasing proportion of oxidized corn oil and reached the lowest point after adding 100% oxidized corn oil on d 42. The β diversity showed the remarkable differentiation of microbial communities among 5 groups, and the microbial community of the 0% oxidized oil group was significantly separated from that of 75 and 100% oxidized oil groups in the cecum. Taken together, these results showed that a low dose of naturally oxidized corn oil is not harmful to the growth of broilers, while a high dose of oxidized corn oil will trigger the inflammatory response and adversely affect the gut health of broilers.

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Growth performance, immune status and organ morphometry in broilers fed Bacillus subtilis-supplemented diet

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of the use of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (QST 713) as a growth promoter in broilers: an alternative to bacitracin methylene disalicylate

Effect of the use of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (QST 713) as a growth promoter in broilers: an alternative to bacitracin methylene disalicylate

The Response of Broiler Chicks to Dietary Supplementation with a Probiotic, Acidifiers Blend, and Their Combination

Effects of naturally oxidized corn oil on inflammatory reaction and intestinal health of broilers

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