Growth Performance, Haematological Indices and Some Biochemical Enzymes of Juveniles Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Fed Varying Levels of Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal Diet

Abstract

The study examined the utilization, hematological and biochemical enzymes of Clarias gariepinus juveniles fed varying levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal diets for a period of 8 weeks. Moringa oleifera leaf meal substituted fish meal at 0% (control), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% in the six different diets. Clarias gariepinus juveniles (mean weight 29.69 ± 0.91 g) were randomly distributed into 18 concrete tanks at 10 fish/tank in triplicate treatments and were fed twice daily at 8.00 hrs-9.00 hrs and 17.00 hrs-18.00 hrs for 8 weeks. The mean weight gained (MWG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) were calculated. The results obtained in the experiment showed that fishes fed with the control diet did not show statistical significant (p>0.05) difference from fishes fed with 10% and 20% M. oleifera leaf meal diet in mean weight gain (MWG), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The haematological parameters results showed that the mean values of packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) and haemoglobin (Hb) were 27.17 ± 1.94%, 2.33 ± 0.38×10 6 mm -3and 8.06 ± 0.54 g/100 ml respectively in the fishes in the experiment. These parameters decreased as M. oleifera leaf meal increased in the diet. The serum enzymes: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), in the fishes fed with diet containing 0%, 10% and 20% M. oleifera leaf meal were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The present study showed that M. oleifera leaf meal has good potential for use as fish meal substitute in C. gariepinus diet up to 10% level without compromising growth. The toxicological investigation indicated that at above 20% M. oleifera leaf meal in the diet, the serum enzymes increased suggesting cellular damage.

Evaluation of haematological and serum biochemical changes in <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> juveniles fed graded dietary levels of boiled sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus</i>) seed meal replacing soybean meal

“…The lack of variation (p>0.05) in platelet count of from the initial value to 40% BSSM treatment and from 60% to 100% BSSM treatments suggests that platelets were not affected by the dietary treatments. The reduced platelet count for fish fed 60% to 100% BSSM-included diets may be due to fish reaction to the effect of the presence of anti-metabolites in the diets and this agrees with the findings of Fagbenro et al (2007) and Ozovehe (2013).…”

Haematology and gonad histology of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) fed Carica papaya seed meal

“…However, the finding of Ayotunde & Ofem, (2008) who reported significant decrease in haemoglobin of O. niloticus at a concentration of 5.0 mg of pawpaw seed extract per litre of culture water further suggest that dosage and mode of administration of PSM could lead to differentiation in the outcome of studies of different experiments. This result also agrees with the findings of Ozovehe (2012) who reported no significant influence of Moringa oleifera on the WBC of Clarias gariepinus. Ayotunde et al (2010), however, reported significant decreased in the levels of WBC of O. niloticus fed PSM.…”

Analysis of growth performance and haematological parameters of Oreochromis niloticus fed on a varying diet of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf meal as an additive protein source

“…There was a decrease in the RBC count with increase of Moringa above 10% inclusion rate. This reduction is similar to the reports on inclusion of Moringa in the diet of C. gariepinus with inclusion levels of above 10% (Ozovehe, 2013;Dienye and Olumuji, 2014). The Haemoglobin (Hb) and Haematocrit (PCV) were in the range 4.16 -4.75 g/dL and 13.42 -15.28% respectively.…”

“…The Hb and PCV results also decrease at the inclusion rate of above 10% Moringa similar to RBC counts. The decrease in RBCs, Hb and PCV with increased Moringa inclusion could be as a result of higher anti-metabolites which are toxic in the diet of the fish, especially tannin (Ozovehe, 2013;Dienye and Olumuji, 2014 (Bittencourt et al, 2003). The MCV is also within the range of 115-183fL for hybrid tilapia (Hrubec et al, 2000) and 121.67 -299.33fL for Oreochromis andersonii (Kefi et al, 2013).…”