Growth performance, haematological assessment and chemical composition of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) fed different levels of Aloe vera extract as feed additives in a closed aquaculture system

Abstract

A 105-day experimental trial was conducted to assess different levels of dietary Aleo vera extract supplementation on water quality parameters, proximate composition, growth performance and haematological parameters of fry Oreochromis niloticus. Four different percentages of dietary leaf extract powder of Aleo vera (ALE) with a basal feed, designated as, i.e., T0 (Control group; without ALE), T1 (1% ALE), T2 (2% ALE), and T3 (3% ALE). Fish fry was reared in concrete tanks (7.0 m, 1.6 m, 1.0: L, W, H; water volume 11.2 m3/tank), with an average initial weight 4.04 ± 0.03 g/ fry, and each treatment was triplicated. Fry was randomly distributed at a stocking rate of 450 individuals/ tanks. The water quality parameters revealed that temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO) and nitrates were found in a promising range as given by FAO/WHO limits. However, the record values obtained for Electric Conductivity (EC), Total dissolved solids (TDS), and alkalinities were not found in all tanks' suitable range according to FAO/WHO limits. The results revealed a significant impact of different percentages of dietary ALE supplementation on fry's body composition and haematological parameters. Moreover, the final body weight, final body length, average daily weight gain (g), net weight gain (g) and specific growth rate (%) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in T1 and T2 compared with T0 and T3 treatments. The poorest feed conversion ratio was recorded in the T2 group compared with other treatments. Thus, the current study provides information about the nutritional quality of Nile tilapia culturing in Pakistan.

Effect of protein reduction with indispensable amino acid supplementation at different levels in practical diets of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fish.

“…In the first four groups of this study, dietary protein levels were reduced from 32 up to 26%, in which the IAA profile covered the IAA requirements for Nile tilapia as recommended by the NRC [13], except for the low protein diet (26%), in which methionine was supplemented to raise its level up to the requirements as reported by Nguyen and Allen Davis [17]. Our results showed that with the gradual reduction in dietary protein levels (32, 30, 28, and 26%), FBW, WG, WG% SGR, PER, and FI showed a significant reduction, while FCR exhibited a significant increase Table (2). (1993).…”

“…Therefore, the last two groups of the experiment aimed to investigate the effectiveness of IAAs supplementation to be 20 % above the NRC [13] requirements in the low dietary protein levels (26 and 28%). It was shown that growth performance parameters were significantly improved with the supplementation of IAAs at both protein levels (26 and 28%) Table (2), but numerically the best values were obtained at the protein level of 28%. From an economical point of view, it is better to use the low dietary protein level (26%) supplemented with IAAs at 120% of the NRC requirements to reduce the inclusion of the expensive protein ingredients (FM and SBM) since the two groups (26 and 28%) showed no significant difference in growth performance parameters with supplementation of IAA at 120% of the NRC requirements.…”

“…This is attributed to its fast growth rate and its high tolerance to a variety of environmental conditions. Moreover, tilapia can feed on a wide variety of feed items and can withstand stress and diseases [1][2][3]. The sustainability of aquaculture relies on the production of a well-balanced, costeffective feed.…”

Dietary protein requirement level of tinfoil barb ( Barbonymus schwanenfeldii Bleeker 1853) fry

“…The 40% protein diets used in their study, however, contained low energy (13.42 kJ g −1 DE) and high lipid (>13.5%) respectively. Protein requirements are higher when the fish are small and decrease as the fish grow (Syed et al, 2022). In addition, dietary lipid of more than 8% suppresses the growth of tinfoil barb (Sulaiman et al, 2020) and hybrid lemon fin barb (Ismail et al, 2013) while lipid of more than 10% reduces the growth among Malaysian Mahseer (Ramezani‐Fard et al, 2012).…”

Differential sensitivity of offspring from four species of goodeine freshwater fish to acute exposure to nitrates

“…Also, species with a bigger body size are less sensitive to NO 3 -N (Camargo et al, 2005). In fact, a recent study in relatively larger species found that low NO 3 -N concentrations did not alter growth and reproduction (Syed et al, 2022).…”