Growth performance, apparent retention of components, and excreta dry matter content in Shaver White pullets (5 to 16 week of age) in response to dietary supplementation of graded levels of a single strain Bacillus subtilis probiotic

Neijat, M.; Shirley, R B; Welsher, A; Barton, J; Thiery, P; Kiarie, E.

doi:10.3382/ps/pez080

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This, in part, may be due to the lack of accumulation of butyrate in the ceca, implying these beneficial microbes may have the ability to promote rapid utilization of the SCFA produced by the host (19,55). However, for the CON-fed birds, although most of these enriched microbial taxa were positively correlated with the concentration of butyrate, this did not translate into improved growth performance compared to the probiotic-fed birds, as revealed in our previous report (40). In addition, the ceca of the CON-fed birds were enriched with bacterial communities of family Erysipelotrichaceae, a potentially undesirable bacterium associated with intestinal inflammation in humans (63).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…In the grower phase, a tendency for increased Shannon and Invsimpson indices, observed in probiotic-fed hens, particularly the LSSB and MSSB groups, might suggest higher species richness and evenness. In our previous report (40), supplementation of an increasing level of B. subtilis DSM 29784 linearly improved body weight and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of birds in the pullet phase, particularly in the grower phase. Similar observations in performance outcomes were noted in poults (49) and broilers (50) using the same product (B. subtilis DSM 29784).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The use of probiotics in poultry diets has a direct role in modulating the composition of gut microbiota to promote the growth of beneficial species (11,(41)(42)(43). This study was part of a large project (40,44), that evaluated the efficacy of feeding Shaver White chickens with various levels of B. subtilis DSM 29784 (no probiotic [CON], 1.1Eϩ08 [LSSB], 2.2Eϩ08 [MSSB], or 1.1Eϩ09 [HSSB] CFU/kg of diet) in modulating the growth/ production performance and AR of nutrients across different phases of the growth/ production cycle. The present study aimed to further elucidate the impact of the probiotic on cecal microbial composition and its association with the concentration of SCFA and AR of components (data extracted from Neijat et al [40]), during the grower, developer, and layer phases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coincidentally, during the developer phase, feed intake by birds was influenced by stocking density (40). Cage dimensions of 71.1 cm by 76.2 cm by 40.6 cm (depth by width by height) housing 14 birds during the developer stages (11 to 16 weeks) provided an adequate floor space of 387 cm 2 /bird based on breed recommendation for Shaver White chickens (6 to 18 weeks, 350 cm 2 /bird allocation).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in the grower (weeks 5 to 10), developer (weeks 11 to 16), and layer (weeks 19 to 28) phases. In addition, the correlation between relative abundance of bacterial taxa of the cecal content in birds and the concentration of SCFA, as well as the apparent retention (AR) of components, a measure of net disappearance from the digestive tract of ingested dietary components, including dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca), and total phosphorus (total P), as well as apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn) (data extracted from Neijat et al [40]), at different growth/production phases, was determined. Furthermore, this study also provides additional efficacy data for probiotic use in egg-laying chickens during the rearing stage, for which limited data exist.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bacillus subtilis Strain DSM 29784 Modulates the Cecal Microbiome, Concentration of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and Apparent Retention of Dietary Components in Shaver White Chickens during Grower, Developer, and Laying Phases

Neijat

Habtewold

Shirley³

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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This study investigated the efficacy of a single strain of Bacillus subtilis (SSB) in modulating the composition of cecal microbiota and its link to the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and apparent retention (AR) of components. A total of 720, 4-week-old Shaver White chicks were allotted to control (CON), 1.1Eϩ08 (low, LSSB), 2.2Eϩ08 (medium, MSSB), or 1.1Eϩ09 (high, HSSB) CFU/kg of diet groups. At grower (10-week), developer (16-week), and laying (28-week) phases, excreta and cecal digesta samples were taken for AR, microbial, and SCFA analyses. Microbial analysis involved high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA gene. Bacterial diversity decreased (P Ͻ 0.05) at the developer phase as the SSB dose increased; however, a distinct clustering pattern (P Ͻ 0.05) of bacterial community was noted. Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium were differentially enriched in the developer for SSB-fed compared to CON-fed birds. Although no differences in microbial diversity were detected in grower and layer phases, different species of Clostridium (XVIII, XIVa, IV, and XIVb)-major butyrate producers-were identified in all phases, with stronger effect sizes for SSB-fed compared to CON-fed birds. Isobutyric acid was elevated in dose response (P ϭ 0.034) in layer phase. In addition, the relative abundances of Alistipes, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium were positively correlated (P Ͻ 0.05), with AR of most components for SSB-fed birds in the pullet phase. The results suggested that supplementing chickens' diet with B. subtilis DSM 29784 may selectively enrich beneficial bacterial communities, which in turn are critical in promoting the growth and performance of hens. IMPORTANCE In egg-laying chickens, the trend in the move away from the cage to alternative housing systems and restriction in antimicrobial use requires alternative approaches to maintain health and prevent diseases. There is increased research and commercial interest toward alternative gut health solutions while improving the performance and product safety in poultry production systems. One such approach, in recognition of the importance of the gut microbial community, is the use of microbes as feed supplements (such as probiotics). Unlike meat-type chickens, studies assessing the efficacy of such microbial supplements are limited for egg-laying chickens. Thus, by conducting a comprehensive assessment of the hen microbiota in response to various levels of B. subtilis DSM 29784 during the pullet phase (grower and developer) and the layer phase, the present study demonstrates the importance of direct-fed microbes in modulating gut microbiome, which may relate to improved performance efficiency in the pullet and layer phases.Citation Neijat M, Habtewold J, Shirley RB, Welsher A, Barton J, Thiery P, Kiarie E. 2019. Bacillus subtilis strain DSM 29784 modulates the cecal microbiome, concentration of shortchain fatty acids, and apparent retention of dietary components in Shaver White chickens during grower, developer, and laying ...

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