Growth, osmoregulatory response, adenine nucleotide contents, and liver transcriptome analysis of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under different salinity acclimation methods

Development of EST-Molecular Markers from RNA Sequencing for Genetic Management and Identification of Growth Traits in Potato Grouper (Epinephelus tukula)

“…A transcriptome is a powerful tool that provides not only different functional annotations of a bioinformatic expression gene between distinct samples but also molecular markers for application in aquaculture, conservation, fisheries management, genetics, and breeding, as well as correlation with target traits [ 63 , 64 , 65 ]. In the present study, RNA-seq was used to analyze the phenotypes of growth performance because ESTs may directly influence organism performance and also built the cornerstone of the database for other economical traits [ 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ]. For example, considerable research using RNA-seq has been performed on the economically important aquaculture species of Atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, turbot, gilthead seabream, and Pacific white shrimp, which helps comprehension of the variation of transcripts between cells, tissues, ontogenetic, food nutrition, and environmental conditions and facilitates analysis if those traits or performance indicators are correlated with the polymorphic markers [ 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ].…”

Adaptive evolution of low-salinity tolerance and hypoosmotic regulation in a euryhaline teleost, Takifugu obscurus

“…The genes discovered in selective sweep regions included ion transporters, neural regulators, and growth-related genes, most of which have been previously reported. In a recent physiological and molecular combined study of steelhead trout, candidate genes related to salinity tolerance were mainly involved in the function of ion transportation, metabolites, energy metabolism, and immune responses (Xiong et al 2020). In the liver transcriptome analysis of yellow croaker, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were assigned to some similar pathways, such as material metabolism, growth, energy metabolism, and signal transduction (Lu et al 2020).…”

Differential Seawater Adaptability in Three Different Sizes of Under-yearling Steelhead Trout

“…In Korea, landlocked domesticated strain of O. mykiss has mainly been cultured in freshwater but recently seawater farming of the O. mykiss has been attracting more interest due to the larger harvest sizes in sea cages ( Shin et al, 2011 ). Aquaculture of steelhead has been attempted in an effort to improve seawater acclimation of O. mykiss ( Xiong et al, 2020 ). Although steelhead trout is generally known to be more readily adaptive to seawater than rainbow trout ( Wagner, 1974 ; Prunet & Boeuf, 1985 ; Johnsson & Clarke, 1988 ; Xiong et al, 2019 ), specific information on elements affecting seawater adaptability of steelhead trout is crucial for the seawater transfer to be successful.…”

“…Furthermore, seawater adaption of steelhead trout is reported to be a function of size rather than chronological age ( Houston, 1961 ; Conte & Wagner, 1965 ). Thus, when steelhead trout reach a threshold size, they can acclimate to seawater independent of smoltification ( Wagner, 1974 ; Morro et al, 2019 ; Xiong et al, 2020 ).…”

“…In many O. mykiss farms in Korea, juvenile fish produced in freshwater are geographically separated from grow-out in sea cages, similar to salmon farming in the Yellow Sea of China ( Xiong et al, 2020 ). Thus, if fish farmers were able to transfer smaller juveniles, they would have more advantages in terms of transportation as well as stress levels in fish.…”