Growth of Excised Roots and Heterosis in Tomato

Rôbbins, William J.

doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1941.tb07964.x

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Bobbins has already studied the growth behavior of excised roots from certain hybrid tomatoes, compared with that of roots from the two inbred parents (1941,318). In cases where the hybrid is ' ' physiologically sterile, ' ' due to unsatisfactory endosperm development, as in certain peaches (Tukey, 1933, 327;White, 1928, 332), the tissue culture method has proved its value in permitting the propagation of embryos which would otherwise perish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Handbook of Plant Tissue Culture

WHITE¹

1943

Soil Science

142

113

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Pflanzen aus Zellen, deren selbstandiges Leben unmittelbar nachweisen lasst.Da nun alle Zellen nach denselben Gesetzen wachsen, also nicht in einem Falle der Grund des Wachstum in der Zelle selbst, im andern Falle im ganzen Organismus liegen kann, da sich ferner nachweisen lasst, dass einzelne, von den iibrigen in der Art des Wachstums nicht verschiedene Zellen selbstandig sich entwickeln, so miissen wir iiberhaupt den Zellen ein selbstandiges Leben zuschreiben. . . . Dass nicht wirklich jede einzelne Zelle, wenn sie von einem Organismus getrennt wird, weiter wachst, ist gegen diese Theorie so wenig ein Einwurf, als es ein Einwurf gegen das selbstandige Leben einer Biene ist, wenn sie getrennt von ihrem Schwarm auf die Dauer nicht fortbestehen kann." "One can thus construct the following two hypotheses concerning the origin of organic phenomena such as growth : either this origin is a function of the organism as a whole, or growth does not take place by means of any force residing in the entire organism but each elementary part possesses an individual force, a separate life."We have seen that all organisms consist of essentially like parts, the cells ; that these cells are formed and grow according to essentially the same laws ; that these processes are thus everywhere the result of the same forces. If, therefore, we find that some of these elementary parts, which do not differ from others, are capable of being separated from the organism and of continuing to grow independently, we can conclude that each of the other elementary parts, each cell, must possess the capacity to gather new molecules to itself and to grow, that therefore each cell possesses a particular force, an independent life, as a result of which it too would be capable of developing independently if only there be provided the external conditions under which it exists in the organism. The eggs of animals are in fact such cells, capable of living separated from the organism. Among the lower plants any cell can be separated from the plant and continue to grow. Thus, entire plants may consist of cells whose capacity for independent life can be clearly demonstrated. Now, since all cells grow according to the same laws so that it is not possible that in one case the cause of growth lies in the cell itself while in another case it lies in the entire organism, and since moreover it can be demonstrated that single cells whose growth does not differ from that of other cells can develop independently, we must therefore ascribe an independent life to the cell as such. That not every cell, when separated from the organism does in fact grow is no more an argument against this theory than is the fact that a bee soon dies when separated from its swarm, a valid argument against the individual life of the bee."

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Handbook of Plant Tissue Culture

WHITE¹

1943

Soil Science

142

113

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“…Robbins (1941) alncd Whaley and Long (1944) have reported differences between the root cultures of two inbred tomato lines and their hybrid with the suggestion that heterosis had occurred. Boll (1954b), using the same lines but with some refinements in technique, concluded that heterosis had not occurred.…”

Section: Variation In Excised Tomato Root Cultures Addison E Lee1mentioning

confidence: 95%

Variation in Excised Tomato Root Cultures

Lee¹

1959

Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club

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“…ROBBINS (13) and WHALEY and LONG (15) have shown that roots of different lines of tomato differ particularly in vitamin requirements. The results do not make it clear as to whether the differences in response to added vitamins represent differences in ability of the roots 'to synthesize these substances for themselves or differences in ability to utilize the supplements.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…FIEDLER (5) has used both length and dry weight as measures of growth of corn roots in culture. ROBBINS and his co-workers (9,10,11,12,13,14) and WHALEY and LONG (15) have based growth determinations principally on dry weight measurements. While length and dry weight measurements are quite satisfactory for comparative studies within a single strain of roots, or for studies in which various strains of roots are compared over relatively short periods of time, it is essential to have a more complete measure of the various aspects of growth if this technique of root culture is utilized for the study of relatively minor physiological differences in roots of different genetic consti-tutions, because the patterns of growth differ both genetically and in response to different culture conditions.…”

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“…Bonner tested glycine and found that it could not replace pyridoxine in the nutrition of his root lines. In 1941 ROBBINS (13) analyzed the growth responses of roots of Johannesfeuer, a variety of L. esculentum, those of Red Currant, L. pimpinellifolium, and those of the hybrid between the two. Roots of Johannesfeuer showed greatest response to the addition of pyridoxine when thiamin was also present, less response to the addition of nicotinamide (the amide is apparently as active as niacin) in the presence of both thiamin and pyridoxine.…”

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The Growth and Metabolism of Excised Roots in Culture. I. The Measurement of Growth and the Role of Certain Vitamins

Wg¹,

Gs²,

Ej³

1950

Plant Physiol.

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BONNER and DEVIRIAN (3) and BONNER (4) have shown that roots of different species vary appreciably as to the nutrients with which they must be'supplied for satisfactory growth in culture. ROBBINS (13) and WHALEY and LONG (15) have shown that roots of different lines of tomato differ particularly in vitamin requirements. The results do not make it clear as to whether the differences in response to added vitamins represent differences in ability of the roots 'to synthesize these substances for themselves or differences in ability to utilize the supplements. It can be anticipated, however, that if such differences exist among lines within a given species they may play some part in the development of general metabolic differences. It should be possible to study the inheritance patterns of these differences by utilization of root culture techniques in combination with a hybridization program to produce progeny in which these same characteristics can be investigated. The present study has been aimed at detecting the existence of line differences in roots of the tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. and related species with respect to the ability of the roots to synthesize and/or utilize thiamin, pyridoxine and niacin; at evaluating the significance of such differences; and ultimately at studying the inheritance of these differences.

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Growth of Excised Roots and Heterosis in Tomato

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

A Handbook of Plant Tissue Culture

A Handbook of Plant Tissue Culture

Variation in Excised Tomato Root Cultures

The Growth and Metabolism of Excised Roots in Culture. I. The Measurement of Growth and the Role of Certain Vitamins

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