Growth in Peak Aerobic Power during Adolescence

Geithner, Christina A.; Thomis, Martine; Eynde, Bavo Vanden; Maes, Hermine H.; Loos, Ruth J. F.; Peeters, Michael; Claessens, Albrecht; Vlietinck, Robert; Malina, Robert M.; Beunen, Gastón

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000139807.72229.41

Cited by 78 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Longitudinal data based on peak oxygen consumption determination show that the age-related development of aerobic mechanisms during adolescence is related to increases in body dimensions and muscle mass and need to be considered in the context of changes associated with growth and maturation (Armstrong, Welsman, Nevill, & Kirby, 1999;Beunen et al, 2002;Geithner et al, 2004;Nevill et al, 1998). The results of the present study do not concur with the observations, although allometric scaling analysis of the data at each age showed a relationship between intermittent endurance running performance and body dimensions (data not presented).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…The aerobic fitness of youth has been well documented (Armstrong & Welsman, 1994;Beunen et al, 2002;Geithner et al, 2004;Mirwald & Bailey, 1986), and longitudinal data have been recently available in youth soccer (Philippaerts et al, 2006;Santos et al, 2012;Visscher et al, 2006). The information was mostly based on repeated yearly assessments based on continuous exercise tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical Growth and Changes in Intermittent Endurance Run Performance in Young Male Basque Soccer Players

Carvalho

Bidaurrazaga‐Letona

Lekue

et al. 2014

Research in Sports Medicine

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The present 4-year longitudinal study examined physical growth and development of intermittent endurance run performance in young Basque soccer players aged 10-15 years applying multilevel regression modeling. Anthropometry, predicted adult stature and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery level 1 test (Yo-Yo IR1) of players from the under-11 teams from the Athletic Club of Bilbao were measured at pre- and end-season (two measurements per year of study, n = 33 considered for analysis). A non-linear effect of age on intermittent endurance run was observed, with significantly higher increases in Yo-Yo IR1 between 10-11 year-old and 14-15 year-old players. The development of Yo-Yo IR1 performance in all the years of the study was influenced positively by training exposure during the seasons (P < 0.01) and independent of maturity status and body size (P > 0.05). The steady development of intermittent endurance run performance during pubertal years in adolescent Basque soccer players is partially influenced by training exposure.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Growth and Changes in Intermittent Endurance Run Performance in Young Male Basque Soccer Players

Carvalho

Bidaurrazaga‐Letona

Lekue

et al. 2014

Research in Sports Medicine

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“…[19] Details of the test have been described previously. [20] Only results obtained at a heart rate >180 beats per minute were used in the analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic, Maternal and Placental Factors in the Association between Birth Weight and Physical Fitness: A Longitudinal Twin Study

et al. 2013

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BackgroundAdult cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength are related to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Both are possibly related to birth weight, but it is unclear what the importance is of genetic, maternal and placental factors in these associations.DesignPeak oxygen uptake and measures of strength, flexibility and balance were obtained yearly during adolescence (10–18 years) in 114 twin pairs in the Leuven Longitudinal Twin Study. Their birth weights had been collected prospectively within the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey.ResultsWe identified linear associations between birth weight and adolescent vertical jump (b = 1.96 cm per kg birth weight, P = 0.02), arm pull (b = 1.85 kg per kg birth weight P = 0.03) and flamingo balance (b = −1.82 attempts to stand one minute per kg birth weight, P = 0.03). Maximum oxygen uptake appeared to have a U-shaped association with birth weight (the smallest and largest children had the lowest uptake, P = 0.01), but this association was no longer significant after adjustment for parental BMI. Using the individual twin’s deviation from his own twin pair’s average birth weight, we found positive associations between birth weight and adolescent vertical jump (b = 3.49, P = 0.0007) and arm pull (b = 3.44, P = 0.02). Δ scores were calculated within the twin pairs as first born twin minus second born twin. Δ birth weight was associated with Δ vertical jump within MZ twin pairs only (b = 2.63, P = 0.009), which indicates importance of placental factors.ConclusionsWe found evidence for an association between adolescent physical performance (strength, balance and possibly peak oxygen uptake) and birth weight. The associations with vertical jump and arm pull were likely based on individual, more specifically placental (in the case of vertical jump) factors. Our results should be viewed as hypothesis-generating and need confirmation, but potentially support preventive strategies to optimize birth weight, for example via placental function, to target later fitness and health.

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“…Longitudinal data based on Canadian and Belgian boys indicated, on average, that peak velocity of growth in stature and peak VO 2 tend to be coincident biological events [34]. Studies using multilevel modelling also demonstrated a size-independent effect of biological maturation on peak VO 2 [33, 35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peak Oxygen Uptake Responses to Training in Obese Adolescents: A Multilevel Allometric Framework to Partition the Influence of Body Size and Maturity Status

Carvalho

Milano

Lopes

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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The influence of body size and maturation on the responses in peak oxygen uptake (VO2) to a 12-week aerobic training and nutritional intervention in obese boys (n = 30; 10–16 years) was examined using multilevel allometric regressions. Anthropometry, sexual maturity status, peak VO2, and body composition were measured pre- and postintervention. Significant decrements for body mass, body mass index z-score, and waist circumference and increments for stature, fat-free mass, and peak oxygen uptake were observed after intervention. Partitioning body size on peak VO2, the responses of the individuals to training were positive (11.8% to 12.7% for body mass; 7.6% to 8.1% for fat-free mass). Body mass and fat-free mass were found as significant explanatory variables, with an additional positive effect for chronological. The allometric coefficients (k′) in the initial models were k′ = 0.883 and k′ = 1.058 for body mass and fat-free mass, respectively. The coefficients decreased when age was considered (k′ = 0.530 for body mass; k′ = 0.860 for fat-free mass). Including maturity indicator in the models was not significant, thus the influence of variability in sexual maturity status in responses to exercise-based intervention in peak VO2 may be mediated by the changes in body dimensions.

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Growth in Peak Aerobic Power during Adolescence

Abstract: Growth in peak VO2 exhibits a clear growth spurt in both sexes during adolescence. The growth spurt occurs earlier in females but is of greater magnitude in males.

Cited by 78 publications

References 14 publications

Physical Growth and Changes in Intermittent Endurance Run Performance in Young Male Basque Soccer Players

Physical Growth and Changes in Intermittent Endurance Run Performance in Young Male Basque Soccer Players

Genetic, Maternal and Placental Factors in the Association between Birth Weight and Physical Fitness: A Longitudinal Twin Study

Peak Oxygen Uptake Responses to Training in Obese Adolescents: A Multilevel Allometric Framework to Partition the Influence of Body Size and Maturity Status

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