Growth hormone-releasing hormone is produced by adipocytes and regulates lipolysis through growth hormone receptor

Rodríguez‐Pacheco, Francisca; Gutiérrez-Repiso, Carolina; García‐Serrano, Sara; Ho-Plágaro, Ailec; Gómez-Zumaquero, Juan M.; Valdés, Sergio; Gonzalo, Montserrat; Rivas-Becerra, Jose; Montiel-Casado, Custodia; Rojo-Martínez, Gemma; García‐Escobar, Eva; Garcı́a-Fuentes, Eduardo

doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.145

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…HMSC and in vitro differentiated adipocytes were washed with PBS, incubated with oil red-O staining solution for 30 min and analyzed with an Olympus BX51 microscope equipped with an Olympus DP70 digital camera (Olympus, Glostrup, Denmark) [21]. In addition, stained lipid droplets from in vitro differentiated adipocytes were quantified as the absorbance at 520 nm after solubilization with 96% ethanol [22].…”

Section: Oil Red-o Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidized LDL Modify the Human Adipocyte Phenotype to an Insulin Resistant, Proinflamatory and Proapoptotic Profile

et al. 2020

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Little information exists in humans on the regulation that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) exerts on adipocyte metabolism, which is associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. The aim was to analyze the oxLDL effects on adipocytokine secretion and scavenger receptors (SRs) and cell death markers in human visceral adipocytes. Human differentiated adipocytes from visceral adipose tissue from non-obese and morbidly obese subjects were incubated with increasing oxLDL concentrations. mRNA expression of SRs, markers of apoptosis and autophagy, secretion of adipocytokines, and glucose uptake were analyzed. In non-obese and in morbidly obese subjects, oxLDL produced a decrease in insulin-induced glucose uptake, a significant dose-dependent increase in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, and adiponectin secretion, and a decrease in leptin secretion. OxLDL produced a significant increase of Lox-1 and a decrease in Cxcl16 and Cl-p1 expression. The expression of Bnip3 (marker of apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy) was significantly increased and Bcl2 (antiapoptotic marker) was decreased. OxLDL could sensitize adipocytes to a lower insulin-induced glucose uptake, a more proinflammatory phenotype, and could modify the gene expression involved in apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, and mitophagy. OxLDL can upregulate Lox-1, and this could lead to a possible amplification of proinflammatory and proapoptotic effects of oxLDL.

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Section: Oil Red-o Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidized LDL Modify the Human Adipocyte Phenotype to an Insulin Resistant, Proinflamatory and Proapoptotic Profile

et al. 2020

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“…Various growth factors including fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) [20 & ], insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) [21], epidermal growth factor (EGF) [22], transforming growth factor-ß (TGFß) [23], platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) [24]; hormones such as insulin [25], glucocorticoids [26], thyroid hormones [27], growth hormone [28]; cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) [29], interferon-g(IFNg) [30 & ], tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) [31]; prostaglandins F2 and I2 (PGF2, PGI2) [32,33]; matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) [34] and retinoic acid [35] have a role in adipocyte differentiation act via specific receptors. These factors modulate the process in either a positive or negative manner and identification of these factors facilitate to understand signal transduction pathways involved.…”

Section: Growth Factors and Cytokines In Adipogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipogenesis for soft tissue reconstruction

Karagöz¹,

Fatih²,

Goktas³

et al. 2019

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation

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Purpose of reviewIt has been increasingly common to use adipose tissue for regenerative and reconstructive purposes. Applications of autologous fat transfer and different stem cell therapies have significant limitations and adipose tissue engineering may have the potential to be an important strategy in the reconstruction of large tissue defects. A better understanding of adipogenesis will help to develop strategies to make adipose tissue more effective for repairing volumetric defects. Recent findingsWe provide an overview of the current applications of adipose tissue transfer and cellular therapy methods for soft tissue reconstruction, cellular physiology, and factors influencing adipogenesis, and adipose tissue engineering. Furthermore, we discuss mechanical properties and vascularization strategies of engineered adipose tissue, and its potential applications in the clinical settings. SummaryAutologous fat tissue transfer is the standard of care technique for the majority of surgeons; however, high resorption rates, poor perfusion within a large volume fat graft and widely inconsistent graft survival are the main limitations. Adipose tissue engineering is a promising field to reach the first goal of producing adipose tissue which has more predictable survival and higher graft retention rates. Advancements of scaffold and vascularization strategies will contribute to metabolically and functionally more relevant adipose tissue engineering.

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Adipose Tissue as an Endocrine Organ and a Glance on Local Hormones

Al-Suhaimi¹

2022

Emerging Concepts in Endocrine Structure and Functions

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Growth hormone-releasing hormone is produced by adipocytes and regulates lipolysis through growth hormone receptor

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Oxidized LDL Modify the Human Adipocyte Phenotype to an Insulin Resistant, Proinflamatory and Proapoptotic Profile

Oxidized LDL Modify the Human Adipocyte Phenotype to an Insulin Resistant, Proinflamatory and Proapoptotic Profile

Adipogenesis for soft tissue reconstruction

Adipose Tissue as an Endocrine Organ and a Glance on Local Hormones

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