Growth, histochemical and physiological responses of non-edible oil producing plant (Reutealis trisperma) to gold mine tailings

Abstract

Hilmi M, Hamim H, Sulistyaningsih YC, Taufikurahman. 2018. Growth, histochemical and physiological responses of nonedibleoil producing plant (Reutealis trisperma) to gold mine tailings. Biodiversitas 19: 1294-1302. Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) AiryShaw is a non-edible biodiesel producing plant that is able to grow well in various unfavorable environmental conditions. The studyaimed to analyze the growth, physiological, and anatomical responses of R. trisperma to gold mine tailings. Three-month-old of R.trisperma were grown in 8 kg of polybags contained with mixed soil-compost medium treated with 0, 25, 50 and 100% of gold minetailings for 3 months. Root and shoot growth, physiological and anatomical characters, and histochemical analysis of Pb inside the rootsand leaves were examined. The root and shoot growth as well as chlorophyll a and b contents of R. trisperma grown in sole gold minetailing at 100% significantly decreased, while at the lower concentration of gold mine tailings, the decrease of the growth performanceswas not significant, or even increased shown in that of 25% of tailing treatment. The treatment of gold mine tailing at 100% alsoinduced lipid peroxidation, indicated by the significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the root as well as the leaves.Histochemical analysis showed that accumulation of Pb occurred both in roots as well as in leaves of R. trisperma treated with 100% oftailings. High-level tailing treatment also induced anatomical alteration in roots as well as leaves of the species. These results indicatedthat gold mine tailings induced oxidative stress in roots and leaves of R. trisperma resulted in growth inhibition.

Lead (Pb) toxicity effect on physio-anatomy of bead-tree, jatropha, castor bean and Philippine-tung grown in water culture

“…Interestingly, in this study, Pb stress had no significant effect on plant height, increased leave number as well as leaves area of Philippine-tung (R. trisperma), suggesting that this species is resistance to Pb. The adaptability of this species to Pb has also been confirmed in other experiments using soil media contained Pb, such as Hilmi et al (2018) who observed various accessions of R. trisperma grown on gold mine tailings contained Pb, and Andriya et al (2019) who compared this species with other non-edible oilproducing plants under gold mine tailings.…”

“…Heavy metals especially from non-essential elements such as Pb, Hg, and Cd (Ashraf 2006), may even become more dangerous due to the process of bioaccumulation along the food chains (David et al 2012). Lead (Pb) is an example of heavy metal pollutant produced from industrial wastes such as gold mine tailings (Hilmi et al 2018) which cause a decrease in soil quality and adversely affects plants, animals, humans, and ecosystems. The toxic effects of Pb on plants result in a decrease of plant ability to absorb mineral nutrition, lower water balance, inhibition of root growth, blackening of root system and leaves chlorosis (Nas and Ali 2018).…”

“…Some under-utilized biodiesel-producing plants such as jatropha (Jatropha curcas), castor bean (Ricinus communis), bead-tree (Melia azedarach) and Philippinetung (Reutealis trisperma) may have potential function to be used in phytoremediation process, since these plants are 3691 able to grow well on dry and marginal lands as well as on gold mine tailings (Hamim et al 2017;Hilmi et al 2018), and even able to absorb heavy metal contaminant (Romeiro et al 2006;Khamis et al 2014). These plants can produce non-edible oil feedstock for biodiesel and can be developed in degraded or contaminated land, while at the same time they can also involve in phytoremediation process.…”

“…Previous experiments found that jatropha and bead-tree had ability to grow well in marginal land and can be used for phytoremediation of lead and cadmium polluted soils (Mangkoedihardjo and Surahmaida 2008;Romeiro et al 2006), while bead-tree was also able to be utilized in phytoremediation of soils contaminated with cadmium up to 40 ppm and lead up to 800 ppm (Khamis et al 2014). Philippine-tung had also wide adaptability and can grow well in a variety of agroecosystem conditions (Pranowo et al 2015) including post-mining land that produces heavy metal-containing waste (Hilmi et al 2018). However, the comparison of these species based on morphophysiological and anatomical properties in response to Pb treatment has not been elucidated.…”

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium enhance the growth of Samanea saman (trembesi) planted on gold-mine tailings in Pongkor, West Java, Indonesia

“…Generally, mine tailings are considered to have a negative value due to the lower organic matter content, mineral nutrients, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and microorganism activity (Wasis et al 2011), while they have higher heavy metals concentration (Setyaningsih et al 2017). For example, Hidayati et al (2006) and Hilmi et al (2018) found that lead (Pb) contamination in gold mine tailings was 6-20 times greater than land without tailings.…”