Growth factor levels in platelet-rich plasma and correlations with donor age, sex, and platelet count

In cartilage repair, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is used in one-step approaches utilizing microfracture and matrix-induced chondrogenesis procedures, bone marrow-derived cell transplantation, or intra-articular injection. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of human PRP on the migration and chondrogenic differentiation of human subchondral progenitors. Human progenitors were derived from subchondral cortico-spongious bone (CSP), were analyzed for their migration capacity upon PRP treatment in 96-well chemotaxis assays and cultured in high-density pellet cultures under serum-free conditions in the presence of 5% PRP. Chemotaxis assays showed that 0.1-100% PRP significantly (p < 0.05) stimulate the migration of CSP compared to untreated controls. Histological staining of proteoglycan and immuno-staining of type II collagen indicated that progenitors stimulated with PRP show significantly increased cartilage matrix formation compared to untreated progenitors. Real-time gene expression analysis of typical chondrocyte marker genes as well as osteogenic and adipogenic markers like osteocalcin and fatty acid binding protein showed that PRP induces the chondrogenic differentiation sequence of human progenitors in high-density pellet cultures, while osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation was not evident. These results suggest that human PRP may enhance the migration and stimulate the chondrogenic differentiation of human subchondral progenitor cells known from microfracture. ß

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“…PRP was prepared according to Weibrich and colleagues. 20 Number of platelets was 0.6-1.3 Â 10 10 per ml. Leukocytes were <0.3 Â 10 4 ml.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Human platelet‐rich plasma stimulates migration and chondrogenic differentiation of human subchondral progenitor cells

Krüger

Hondke

Endres

et al. 2011

Journal Orthopaedic Research

173

124

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“…The most common method of platelet activation is to add calcium chloride and thrombin to the platelet-rich plasma. 44 found little value in using platelet concentration ratio to predict resultant platelet-rich plasma secretory protein levels. Eppley et al,29 using thrombin/calcium chloride to activate the platelets, found variable concentration ratios for several secretory proteins, all lower than the platelet concentration ratio.…”

Section: Quantification Of Secretory Protein Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Review of Biology and Applications in Plastic Surgery

Eppley

Pietrzak

Blanton

2006

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

445

359

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Learning Objectives: After studying this article, the reader should be able to: 1. Define the role of platelets in hemostasis and wound healing. 2. Describe the technologies for platelet concentration and application. 3. Characterize the platelet concentration and growth factor components of platelet-rich plasma. 4. List the potential applications of platelet-rich plasma in plastic surgery and how it may be applied intraoperatively. 5. Discuss the limitations of the use of platelet-rich plasma and its potential complications.Summary: Healing of hard and soft tissue is mediated by a complex array of intracellular and extracellular events that are regulated by signaling proteins, a process that is, at present, incompletely understood. What is certain, however, is that platelets play a prominent if not deciding role. Controlled animal studies of soft and hard tissues have suggested that the application of autogenous platelet-rich plasma can enhance wound healing. The clinical use of platelet-rich plasma for a wide variety of applications has been reported; however, many reports are anecdotal and few include controls to definitively determine the role of platelet-rich plasma. The authors describe platelet biology and its role in wound healing; the preparation, characterization, and use of platelet-rich plasma; and those applications in plastic surgery for which it may be useful.Healing of hard and soft tissue is mediated by a complex array of intracellular and extracellular events that are regulated by signaling proteins, a process that is, at present, incompletely understood.1-5 What is certain, however, is that platelets play a prominent if not deciding role.3,6 Platelet activation in response to tissue damage and vascular exposure results in the formation of a platelet plug and blood clot to provide hemostasis and the secretion of biologically active proteins. These proteins, in turn, set the stage for tissue healing, which includes cellular chemotaxis, proliferation, and differentiation; removal of tissue debris; angiogenesis; and the laying down of extracellular matrix and regeneration of the appropriate type of tissue. 2-4,6 In vitro, there is a dose-response relationship between platelet concentration and the proliferation of human adult mesenchymal stem cells, the proliferation of fibroblasts, and the production of type I collagen.7,8 This suggests that the application of autogenous platelet-rich plasma can enhance wound healing, as has been demonstrated in controlled animal studies for both soft and hard tissues. 9,10

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“…Individual variability avoids exactly knowing the amount and quality of autologous growth factors in the platelet concentration harvest [29]. It is possible that spray-like adding would not be the ideal way and it would be necessary to design an adequate carrier different from the fibrine we used in our trial.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of autologous platelet concentrate for intertransverse lumbar fusion

et al. 2011

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Introduction The aim of the study was to analyze if the adding of autologous platelet concentrate (APC) to a mixture of local autograft plus tricalcium phosphate and hidroxiapatite (TCP/HA) would improve the fusion rate in posterolateral lumbar fusion. Materials and methods A prospective, controlled, blinded, non-randomized clinical trial was carried out in 107 patients affected by degenerative lumbar pathology. The study group consisted of 67 patients, in which autologous platelet concentration was added to a mixture of autologous local bone graft and TCP/HA. A control group of 40 patients with same pathology and surgical technique but without APC addition was used to compare the fusion mass obtained. By means of plain X-rays, a blinded evaluation of the intertransverse fusion mass quality at twelve and twenty-four months was made according to type A (bilateral uniform mass), type B (unilateral uniform mass) and type C (irregular or lack bilateral mass). Patients with type C were regarded as pseudoarthrosis. ResultsIn the study group 17 patients had lack or irregular fusion mass (25.4%) versus three patients in the control group (7.5%), which was statistically significant. ConclusionsThis study shows that the adding of autologous platelet concentration to a mixture of autologous bone graft plus TCP/HA has decreased our rates of posterolateral lumbar fusion.

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Growth factor levels in platelet-rich plasma and correlations with donor age, sex, and platelet count

Cited by 531 publications

References 15 publications

Human platelet‐rich plasma stimulates migration and chondrogenic differentiation of human subchondral progenitor cells

Human platelet‐rich plasma stimulates migration and chondrogenic differentiation of human subchondral progenitor cells

Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Review of Biology and Applications in Plastic Surgery

Evaluation of autologous platelet concentrate for intertransverse lumbar fusion

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