Growth Dynamics of Mechanically Impeded Lupin Roots: does Altered Morphology Induce Hypoxia?

Hanbury, Colin; Atwell, Brian J.

doi:10.1093/aob/mci243

Cited by 23 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Application of a controlled external mechanical pressure through the media or directly to the roots results in similar effects as for compacted soil, i.e. slower axial growth (Hanbury and Atwell, 2005) and consequently reduced length of roots (Barley, 1962;Goss, 1977;Castillo et al, 1982;Veen, 1982;Lindberg and Pettersson, 1985) as well as in root swelling (Abdalla et al, 1969;Veen, 1982;Kuzeja et al, 2001;Hanbury and Atwell, 2005). The morphological changes, especially those concerning root system architecture (reduced root system size, modified branching pattern), but also modifications of the form of individual roots (increased diameter) probably lead to better adaptation of the living organ to unfavourable environmental conditions.…”

Section: Medium Density and Structurementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Similarly, alterations in root morphology are accompanied by internal structural changes (for details see Table 2). Swollen roots either have an increased number of cell layers (Wilson et al, 1977) or their cells show modified sizes (Atwell, 1988;Materechera et al, 1991;Hanbury and Atwell, 2005). Reduced root elongation usually accompanies decreasing length of cells (Bengough et al, 2006;Okamoto et al, 2008) and slower cell production (Croser et al, 1999).…”

Section: Internal Structure Of the Physical Body Changes Under Mechanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological responses of plant roots to mechanical stress

Potocka

Szymanowska-Pułka

2018

Annals of Botany

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Several modifications in root morphology are commonly reported: (1) decreased root size, (2) radial swelling accompanied by increased radial dimension of the cortex cell layers and (3) enhanced cap cell sloughing. Nevertheless, because of differences between species and individual plants, a universal scenario for root morphological changes resulting from externally applied pressures is not possible. Thus, knowledge of the root response to mechanical impedance remains incomplete. Studies on the mechanical properties of the root as well as on possible modifications in cell wall structure and composition as the elements responsible for the mechanical properties of the plant tissue are required to understand the response of root tissue as a biomaterial.

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Section: Medium Density and Structurementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Internal Structure Of the Physical Body Changes Under Mechanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological responses of plant roots to mechanical stress

Potocka

Szymanowska-Pułka

2018

Annals of Botany

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“…Cortical changes such as the addition of cell layers ( Wilson et al , 1977 ; Colombi et al 2019 ) or the expansion of cortical cells have been observed ( Atwell, 1988 ; Hanbury and Atwell, 2005 ; Colombi et al ., 2017 , 2019 ). For instance, in lupin, which is usually able to penetrate strong soil ( Materechera et al , 1991 ), radial thickening is caused by the swelling of cortical cells, rather than the addition of cell files ( Atwell, 1988 ; Hanbury and Atwell, 2005 ). However, diverse observations have been made for different species and under a range of experimental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root anatomical traits contribute to deeper rooting of maize under compacted field conditions

Vanhees

Loades

Bengough

et al. 2020

Journal of Experimental Botany

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Abstract To better understand the role of root anatomy in regulating plant adaptation to soil mechanical impedance, 12 maize lines were evaluated in two soils with and without compaction treatments under field conditions. Penetrometer resistance was 1–2 MPa greater in the surface 30 cm of the compacted plots at a water content of 17–20% (v/v). Root thickening in response to compaction varied among genotypes and was negatively associated with rooting depth at one field site under non-compacted plots. Thickening was not associated with rooting depth on compacted plots. Genotypic variation in root anatomy was related to rooting depth. Deeper-rooting plants were associated with reduced cortical cell file number in combination with greater mid cortical cell area for node 3 roots. For node 4, roots with increased aerenchyma were deeper roots. A greater influence of anatomy on rooting depth was observed for the thinner root classes. We found no evidence that root thickening is related to deeper rooting in compacted soil; however, anatomical traits are important, especially for thinner root classes.

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“…It has previously been demonstrated that an increase in soil strength results in a decrease in root elongation in cotton (Taylor & Ratliff, 1969), maize (Bengough & Mullins, 1991), pea (Croser et al, 1999;Iijima & Kato, 2007) and tobacco (Alameda et al, 2012). In addition studies have demonstrated that in response to mechanical impedance, cell length is reduced and the length of the elongation zone shortened (Veen, 1982;Croser et al, 1999;Hanbury & Atwell, 2005;Okamoto et al, 2008). The slowed rate of elongation that occurs in mechanically impeded roots is therefore likely to be due to a reduced rate of cell elongation, as axial tension is increased by stiffening of the cell walls to reduce elongation (Bengough et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root growth responses to mechanical impedance are regulated by a network of ROS, ethylene and auxin signalling in Arabidopsis

Jacobsen

Topping

et al. 2020

Preprint

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SummaryThe growth and development of root systems, essential for plant performance, is influenced by mechanical properties of the substrate in which the plants grow. Mechanical impedance, such as by compacted soil, can reduce root elongation and limit crop productivity.To understand better the mechanisms involved in plant root responses to mechanical impedance stress, we investigated changes in the root transcriptome and hormone signalling responses of Arabidopsis to artificial root barrier systems in vitro.We demonstrate that upon encountering a barrier, reduced Arabidopsis root growth and the characteristic ‘step-like’ growth pattern is due to a reduction in cell elongation associated with changes in signalling gene expression. Data from RNA-sequencing combined with reporter line and mutant studies identified essential roles for reactive oxygen species, ethylene and auxin signalling during the barrier response.We propose a model in which early responses to mechanical impedance include reactive oxygen signalling that is followed by integrated auxin and ethylene responses to mediate root growth changes. Inhibition of ethylene responses allows improved growth in response to root impedance, a result that may inform future crop breeding programmes.

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Growth Dynamics of Mechanically Impeded Lupin Roots: does Altered Morphology Induce Hypoxia?

Abstract: The shift in the zone of extension towards the apex in impeded roots coincided with greater vulnerability to hypoxia even after soil was removed. Roots still encased in impeded soil are likely to suffer from marked O2 deficits.

Cited by 23 publications

References 43 publications

Morphological responses of plant roots to mechanical stress

Morphological responses of plant roots to mechanical stress

Root anatomical traits contribute to deeper rooting of maize under compacted field conditions

Root growth responses to mechanical impedance are regulated by a network of ROS, ethylene and auxin signalling in Arabidopsis

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