Growth direction determination of a single RuO2 nanowire by polarized Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

The dependence of band intensities in the Raman spectrum of individual single-crystal ruthenium dioxide (RuO2) nanowires on the angle between the plane of polarization of the exciting (and collected) light and the long axis of the nanowire, is shown to be a simple, complementary technique to high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) for determining nanowire growth direction. We show that excellent agreement exists between what is observed and what is predicted for the polarization angle dependence of the intensities of the nanowires’ Eg (525 cm−1) and the B2g (714 cm−1) Raman bands, only by assuming that the nanowires grow along the (001) crystallographic direction, as confirmed by HRTEM.

Polarized and resonant Raman spectroscopy on single InAs nanowires

“…[7][8][9][10] In this paper, we use first-order polarized Raman scattering and resonant Raman scattering to investigate single InAs nanowires. First-order polarized Raman scattering have been recently used to investigate GaN, 11,12 GaAs, 13,14 GaP, 15 ZnO, 16 RuO 2 , 17 and CdS (Ref. 18) single one-dimensional nanostructures.…”

Polarized and diameter-dependent Raman scattering from individual aluminum nitride nanowires: The antenna and cavity effects

“…For wire with a larger diameter, the Raman scattering intensities are observed to exhibit a cos 4 h (dash line) response, where h is the angle between the incident laser direction and the nanowire axis, as expected in the calculated result of wurtize-type nanorods. 27 Interestingly, for wire with a smaller diameter, the trend of Raman intensities cannot be fitted by the function of cos 4 h well and should be fitted by higher exponential term. This is likely due to the Raman antenna effect which has been observed in isolated single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), WS 2 nanotubes, and GaP nanowires.…”

Atomistic growth phenomena of reactively sputtered RuO2 and MnO2 thin films

“…2) and the finding that RuO 2 nanorods are single crystals. 16 On the other hand, adding the third Mn adatom onto MnO 2 (110) gives rise to more complex surface physics, as shown in Fig. 7.…”

“…14 It is also conceivable that these hyperoxides, which were detected in Ru-O-Ar sputtering plasma, may adsorb on RuO 2 surfaces and thus act as nucleation sites for nanorods. 15 It is indisputable that these RuO 2 nanorods are single crystals 16 so that relatively defect-free growth needs to be active. It is still unclear how this single crystalline growth of RuO 2 nanorods is achieved after nucleation mediated through hyperoxide surface roughening.…”