Growth and wood properties of genetically improved loblolly pine: propagation type comparison and genetic parameters

Antony, Finto; Schimleck, Laurence R.; Jordan, Lewis; Hornsby, Benjamin S.; Dahlen, Joseph; Daniels, Richard F.; Clark, Amy L.; Apiolaza, Luis A.; Huber, D. M.

doi:10.1139/cjfr-2013-0163

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…From the 1940's to the 2000's, improvement in silvicultural practices greatly increased estimated productivity of P. taeda plantations grown in the species' native range in the southeastern United States (Fox et al, 2007). There is evidence that maximum growth for the species in its native range is about 16 Mg ha −1 yr −1 (mean annual increment) (40 m 3 ha −1 yr −1 , assuming 400 kg m −3 wood density (Antony et al, 2014)) given that additional silvicultural inputs do not increase productivity beyond this amount (Zhao et al, 2016). Typical mean annual growth rates for P. taeda in the southeastern United States range from 16 to 33 m 3 ha −1 yr −1 (Zhao et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A common garden experiment examining light use efficiency and heat sum to explain growth differences in native and exotic Pinus taeda

Albaugh

Fox

Maier

et al. 2018

Forest Ecology and Management

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Previous work indicates that Pinus taeda L. grows faster and has a higher carrying capacity when grown outside its native range. We were interested in examining the hypotheses that growth, light use efficiency (volume growth and absorbed photosynthetically active radiation relationship, LUE) and volume growth per unit heat sum is the same for native and exotic plantations. To test these hypotheses, we installed a common garden experiment where the same six genetic entries of P. taeda (four clonal varieties, one open pollinated family and one control mass pollinated family) were planted at three densities (618, 1235, and 1853 stems ha −1) with three or four replications at three sites (Virginia (VA), and North Carolina (NC) in the United States and Paraná State in Brazil (BR)). The VA and BR sites were outside the native range of P. taeda. After five years of growth, the BR site had larger trees and stand scale basal area and volume were increasing faster than the other sites. Site did not affect LUE but density and genetic entry did. The sites were at different latitudes but the average photosynthetically active radiation at the top of the canopy was similar for the years when all sites were operational, likely because the BR site receives more rain annually and the cloudiness associated with the rain may have reduced available light. We estimated an hourly heat sum where the daytime temperature was between 5 and 38°C, hours where vapor pressure deficit exceeded 1.5 kPa and days following nights where nighttime temperatures were less than 0°C were excluded. Site was significant for the cumulative volume and heat sum relationship, for a given level of cumulative degree hours the sites ranked BR > VA > NC in cumulative volume. The different growth per unit of degree hours for each site indicated that something other than the heat sum was causing the observed difference in growth. Other factors including respiration and extreme climatic conditions may contribute to growth differences per unit degree hour and including these differences in the analysis would require a more detailed modeling effort to examine. The sites used in this study are ideally suited to continue testing additional hypotheses to explain the different growth between native and exotic P. taeda plantations because they have the same genotypes at all sites and consequently eliminate differences in genetics as a potential explanation for observed growth differences.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A common garden experiment examining light use efficiency and heat sum to explain growth differences in native and exotic Pinus taeda

Albaugh

Fox

Maier

et al. 2018

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…Recently, Auty et al [38] found that incorporating annual ring width into a wood density model for Scots pine improved the predictive performance, and here we hypothesize that a ring width term could serve as a surrogate for silvicultural treatments, thereby allowing for adjustments to the SG or other wood properties-based growth rates. Although beyond the scope of this study, the impact of genetics on wood properties is a growing area of interest given the heritability of many wood properties and the ability to select families that have both fast growth and high wood density [40,50,51]. Finally, of additional importance are models for ring width, which when combined with ring SG models can yield whole disk SG values throughout the rotation that are particularly relevant to growth and yield decision support systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models for Predicting Specific Gravity and Ring Width for Loblolly Pine from Intensively Managed Plantations, and Implications for Wood Utilization

Dahlen

Auty

Eberhardt

2018

Forests

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Abstract:Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) is increasingly grown on intensively managed plantations that yield high growth rates. Wood properties, including specific gravity (SG), change with cambial age, and thus intensively managed trees contain a high proportion of low density corewood when harvested because of reduced rotation lengths. This study was undertaken to develop models of ring-level properties (SG and width) in intensively managed loblolly pine plantations. Ninety-three trees from five stands aged from 24 to 33 years were harvested, and 490 disks were obtained from in between the 5.2-m logs that were cut, and at the merchantable top. The disks were cut into pith-to-bark radial strips that were scanned on an X-ray densitometer, and the resultant data analyzed using non-linear mixed-effects models. The fixed effects of the models, which included cambial age and for some models disk height and ring width, were able to explain 56, 46, 54, 16, and 46 percent of the within-tree variation for ring SG, ring width, latewood SG, earlywood SG, and latewood percent, respectively. To assess implications for wood utilization, a modeled tree was built by using height, diameter, and taper equations and these models were linked with the developed ring SG model to produce a tree properties map. The linked information was also used to generate tree and log SG and proportion of corewood values for different rotation ages. The results from this study are a step towards integrating wood quality models into growth-and-yield modeling systems that are important for loblolly pine plantation management.

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“…Wood quality traits were recently targeted as a breeding objective due to increasing demands for high-quality timber in the last 10 years. To advance the multi-trait breeding process, it is essential to profile the breeding parents/materials using either clonal testing or progeny trials, of which, clonal testing has proven to be a straightforward and effective strategy [13][14][15][16]. In the present study, to identify the variation and correlation in growth, wood property traits, and strobili number, 62 Chinese fir breeding parents were subjected to a 12-year grafted clone test with an eventual goal to select the best potential parent clones for future breeding programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing 62 Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) Breeding Parents in a 12-Year Grafted Clone Test

Zheng

Wang

et al. 2015

Forests

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Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook) is one of the major commercial conifer species in China. The present study concentrated on the assessment of growth, wood property traits, and strobili number in a 12-year grafted clone test of 62 Chinese fir breeding parents, aiming to describe the variation and correlations between these traits and to identify parent clones with the highest potential for future breeding. The results indicate that all of the growth (height, diameter at breast height, stem volume, crown-width) and wood property (wood basic density and hygroscopicity) traits varied significantly (p < 0.01) among clones, with coefficients of variation ranging from 7.6% to 30.6%. Furthermore, these traits consistently had a moderate to high (0.39-0.87) repeatability estimate (broad-sense heritability). Remarkable clonal differences were also observed for the production of male and female strobili. Phenotypic correlations among growth traits were strong (p < 0.01) and positive. Significantly negative correlations (p < 0.01 or 0.05) were found between wood basic density and growth (except for height) and hygroscopicity. The production of male and female strobili appeared to be significantly (p < 0.01) positively correlated with each other. A notable number of faster-growing parent clones were identified (n = 30); 11 of these had higher density wood with an average realized gain of 10.5% in diameter, and a 5.4% gain in wood basic density. When selection was made for growth and strobili, 10 faster-growing parent clones with medium to high production of female strobili were identified. OPEN ACCESSForests 2015, 6 3800

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Growth and wood properties of genetically improved loblolly pine: propagation type comparison and genetic parameters

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

A common garden experiment examining light use efficiency and heat sum to explain growth differences in native and exotic Pinus taeda

A common garden experiment examining light use efficiency and heat sum to explain growth differences in native and exotic Pinus taeda

Models for Predicting Specific Gravity and Ring Width for Loblolly Pine from Intensively Managed Plantations, and Implications for Wood Utilization

Assessing 62 Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) Breeding Parents in a 12-Year Grafted Clone Test

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