Growth and weed suppression ability of common and new cover crops in Germany

Brust, Jochen; Claupein, Wilhelm; Gerhards, Roland

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2014.04.022

Cited by 98 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In all the monitored years, the highest values of soil coverage were recorded for Sinapis alba L. Sinapis alba L. and Phacelia tanacetifolia Bentham were the least sensitive to different temperature and rainfall conditions. Both catch crops not only produced higher yields but also sufficient soil coverage, which also agrees with findings of Brust et al (2014) and Ramírez-García et al (2015). Fagopyrum esculentum Moench was characterised by a rapid and aggressive start as well as strong plant coverage in the beginning of the growing season, and also reached higher yields of dry matter, as also stated by Clark (2008), Brust et al (2014) and Ziech et al (2015).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Both catch crops not only produced higher yields but also sufficient soil coverage, which also agrees with findings of Brust et al (2014) and Ramírez-García et al (2015). Fagopyrum esculentum Moench was characterised by a rapid and aggressive start as well as strong plant coverage in the beginning of the growing season, and also reached higher yields of dry matter, as also stated by Clark (2008), Brust et al (2014) and Ziech et al (2015). In some years, its lower yields and low soil coverage can be explained by higher sensitivity to the irregular distribution of rainfall and low ground temperatures that prematurely end its growth so Fagopyrum esculentum Moench loses the ability to cover the soil.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

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Yield and soil coverage of catch crops and their impact on the yield of spring barley

Handlířová¹,

Lukas²,

Smutný³

2017

Plant Soil Environ.

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The aim of experiment was to evaluate the impact of catch crops on the yield of spring barley. An assessment of the suitability of catch crops in relation to their yield and soil coverage was made. The field experiment was set up in a corn-growing area (south Moravia, Czech Republic). The results show a statistically significant difference in yield of dry matter and soil coverage among catch crops as well as among years. The most appropriate was the cultivation of Phacelia tanacetifolia Bentham and Sinapis alba L., which regularly provided the highest yields and soil coverage. In some years, similar results were also achieved for Fagopyrum esculentum Moench and Carthamus tinctorius L. Less suitable catch crops are Secale cereale var. multicaule L., which ensured lower yield and good soil coverage, but reduced the yield of spring barley, and Panicum miliaceum L. Yield of spring barley was affected by year and species of catch crops. The lowest yield of barely was in the year with unfavourable rainfall. The yield decreased with increasing quantities of catch crop matter. In the case of favourable rainfall year, there was no risk of lower yield of spring barley after monitored catch crops in one of the driest and warmest places in the Czech Republic.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Yield and soil coverage of catch crops and their impact on the yield of spring barley

Handlířová¹,

Lukas²,

Smutný³

2017

Plant Soil Environ.

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“…The most effective weed control efficacy was achieved by treatments 3 WBH and 5 WBH with up to 91, 84, 83 and 86, 90, 85% on monocotyledons, dicotyledons and volunteer wheat compared to NCC at 12 WAH, respectively (Figure 2). Effective weed density reductions by fall-sown cover crops of up to 42-68% were demonstrated by several similar studies (Silva 2014Brust et al (2014) reported weed density suppression by 98% after oilseed radish cultivation. Fertilization effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Do cover crop sowing date and fertilization affect field weed suppression?

Sturm¹,

Kunz²,

Peteinatos³

et al. 2017

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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The weed suppressive ability of oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus var. oleiformis Pers.) cover crop is attributed to high competitiveness for resources and biochemical effects on weeds. The oilseed radish cover crop was sown in five treatments plus an untreated control over a period of five weeks before and three weeks after winter wheat harvest. Additionally, fertilization effects on oilseed radish biomass and weed suppression were measured. The highest biomass of the cover crop was observed 12 weeks after harvest (WAH) when the oilseed radish was sown one week after harvest (1 WAH) (2015) and five weeks before harvest (5 WBH) (2016). No differences of fertilization were observed concerning oilseed radish and weed biomass in 2015, whereby increased biomass was found after fertilization in 2016. The highest weed control efficacy of up to 83% and 90% was achieved in treatments 1 WAH (2015) and 5 WBH (2016) at 12 WAH. The early sowing of oilseed radish in winter wheat resulted in low germination and biomass yield within the field, due to low precipitation in 2015. Nevertheless, there is a high potential of early sown oilseed radish for higher weed control efficacy, which was demonstrated in 2016.

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“…winter crops) have several beneficial effects on agricultural fields (Kunz et al 2016), including the weed suppression (Brust et al 2014, Jabran et al 2015 provided, among other reasons, by the release of allelopathic substances from cover crops and/or crop residues (Farooq et al 2011) into the soil via leachates or root exudates, or by decomposition of plant biomass (Bonanomi et al 2006). The allelopathic substances (e.g.…”

Section: Highlighted Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential influence of shoot extracts of winter cover crops on seed germination of corn, soybean and indicator plants

Fabiani¹,

Carvalho²,

Alves³

2017

Commun. Plant Sci.

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The objective was to test the response of summer crops (Zea mays and Glycine max) and indicator plants to exposure to extracts of winter cover crops (Avena sativa, Lolium multiflorum and Triticum aestivum) regarding on seed germination. Bioassays were carried out to test six shoot extract concentrations, by using germitest paper maintained in controlled conditions. Zea mays, Glycine max, Lactuca sativa and Phalaris canariensis showed differential response to exposure to shoot extracts of Avena sativa, Lolium multiflorum and Triticum aestivum regarding on seed germination. Shoot extracts of Avena sativa and Lolium multiflorum increased seed germination while shoot extract of Triticum aestivum reduced seed germination of Zea mays. Shoot extracts of Avena sativa, Lolium multiflorum and Triticum aestivum reduced seed germination of Glycine max, Lactuca sativa and Phalaris canariensis. Highlighted ConclusionWinter cover crops can show different allelopathic potential on summer crops.Cover crops (e.g. winter crops) have several beneficial effects on agricultural fields (Kunz et al. 2016), including the weed suppression (Brust et al. 2014, Jabran et al. 2015 provided, among other reasons, by the release of allelopathic substances from cover crops and/or crop residues (Farooq et al. 2011) into the soil via leachates or root exudates, or by decomposition of plant biomass (Bonanomi et al. 2006). The allelopathic substances (e.g. phenolics, flavonoids or terpenoids - Macías et al. 2007), that can be synthesized in leaves, fruits, roots or seeds (Radosevich et al. 2007), may influence weed seed germination (Kunz et al. 2016) and/or inhibit weed plant growth (Farooq et al. 2011). However, the inhibitory effects may also influence, in different ways and intensities, on the subsequent summer crop (as reviewed by Shah et al. 2016).In the Southwest of Brazil, oat (Avena sativa) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) are commonly cropped as winter crops, and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) is normally used as a winter pasture. So, these species can be considered as winter cover crops preceding summer crop seeding. Summer crops, such as corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max), are commonly seeded into straw residues of winter cover crops. Thus, we hypothesized that winter cover crops can show differential allelopathic potential on subsequent summer crops (in a crop rotation system). The objective was to test the response of summer crops to exposure to extracts of winter cover crops regarding on seed germination. MATERIAL AND METHODSAn experiment was carried out to test the allelopathic potential of shoot extracts of oat, ryegrass and wheat, winter cover crops, on seed germination of corn, soybean -summer crops -lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and birdseed (Phalaris canariensis) -indicator crops. Bioassays were conducted using germitest papers soaked with distilled water and five concentrations of shoot extracts of each winter cover crop [2.5 times in relation to paper mass, according to Brasil (2009)]. Fifty seeds (replicated four times) of summe...

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Growth and weed suppression ability of common and new cover crops in Germany

Cited by 98 publications

References 28 publications

Yield and soil coverage of catch crops and their impact on the yield of spring barley

Yield and soil coverage of catch crops and their impact on the yield of spring barley

Do cover crop sowing date and fertilization affect field weed suppression?

Differential influence of shoot extracts of winter cover crops on seed germination of corn, soybean and indicator plants

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