Growth and survival of cowpea bradyrhizobia in various carrier materials

Hafeez, Fauzia Yusuf; Idris, Mohammad; Malik, K. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00709662

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Survival of rhizobacteria in sterilized sugarcane filter cake is reported earlier (Hafeez et al 1989) but sterilization is a big challenge especially during the production of commercial bioformulation at the industrial scale. It needs more energy and hence increases the cost of production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Suppression of red rot disease by Bacillus sp. based biopesticide formulated in non-sterilized sugarcane filter cake

Hassan

Namood-e-Sahar

Shah³

et al. 2015

BioControl

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Red rot disease affects sugarcane production adversely throughout the world. Intensive cropping and uninterrupted use of chemicals results in evolution of new pathotypes which can infect the resistant cultivars. Bacillus sp. inhabiting plant rhizosphere can protect the plants from multiple pathogens. In the present study, two antagonistic strains Bacillus subtilis NH-100 and Bacillus sp. NH-217 were able to maintain their population at 9.0 log CFU g -1 in sugarcane filter cake until nine months. These strains were compatibile to the indigenous bacteria of sugarcane filter cake which maintained their population at 7.8-8.0 log CFU g -1 . The developed bioformulation induced the activity of various defense-related enzymes (0.6-6.9 change in absorbance min -1 g -1 of tissue), suppressed the red rot disease and enhanced crop yield under field conditions. This formulation could be used as potential biopesticide to control red rot disease of sugarcane.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Suppression of red rot disease by Bacillus sp. based biopesticide formulated in non-sterilized sugarcane filter cake

Hassan

Namood-e-Sahar

Shah³

et al. 2015

BioControl

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“…The maximum viable number of rhizobia per seed of mung bean was 10 7 to 10 8 rhizobia/seed (38). Perkins (39) found that increasing the inoculum level above 100 rhizobia/seed did not increase the nodule number.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Rice Stubble as a Reservoir of Bradyrhizobial Inoculum in Rice-Legume Crop Rotation

Piromyou

Greetatorn

Teamtisong

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Bradyrhizobium encompasses a variety of bacteria that can live in symbiotic and endophytic associations with leguminous and nonleguminous plants, such as rice. Therefore, it can be expected that rice endophytic bradyrhizobia can be applied in the rice-legume crop rotation system. Some endophytic bradyrhizobial strains were isolated from rice (Oryza sativa L.) tissues. The rice biomass could be enhanced when supplementing bradyrhizobial strain inoculation with KNO 3 , NH 4 NO 3 , or urea, especially in Bradyrhizobium sp. strain SUTN9-2. In contrast, the strains which suppressed rice growth were photosynthetic bradyrhizobia and were found to produce nitric oxide (NO) in the rice root. The expression of genes involved in NO production was conducted using a quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) technique. The nirK gene expression level in Bradyrhizobium sp. strain SUT-PR48 with nitrate was higher than that of the norB gene. In contrast, the inoculation of SUTN9-2 resulted in a lower expression of the nirK gene than that of the norB gene. These results suggest that SUT-PR48 may accumulate NO more than SUTN9-2 does. Furthermore, the nifH expression of SUTN9-2 was induced in treatment without nitrogen supplementation in an endophytic association with rice. The indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase produced in planta by SUTN9-2 were also detected. Enumeration of rice endophytic bradyrhizobia from rice tissues revealed that SUTN9-2 persisted in rice tissues until rice-harvesting season. The mung bean (Vigna radiata) can be nodulated after rice stubbles were decomposed. Therefore, it is possible that rice stubbles can be used as an inoculum in the rice-legume crop rotation system under both low-and high-organic-matter soil conditions.IMPORTANCE This study shows that some rice endophytic bradyrhizobia could produce IAA and ACC deaminase and have a nitrogen fixation ability during symbiosis inside rice tissues. These characteristics may play an important role in rice growth promotion by endophytic bradyrhizobia. However, the NO-producing strains should be of concern due to a possible deleterious effect of NO on rice growth. In addition, this study reports the application of endophytic bradyrhizobia in rice stubbles, and the rice stubbles were used directly as an inoculum for a leguminous plant (mung bean). The degradation of rice stubbles leads to an increased number of SUTN9-2 in the soil and may result in increased mung bean nodulation. Therefore, the persistence of endophytic bradyrhizobia in rice tissues can be developed to use rice stubbles as an inoculum for mung bean in a ricelegume crop rotation system. KEYWORDS rice endophytic bradyrhizobia, mung bean, rice-legume crop rotation

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“…Therefore, the addition of some supplements could improve the quality of CMC‐based products. For instance, few authors reported that supplementing the basic carrier with lucerne meal increased the number and cell viability of nodule producing bacteria (Hafeez et al, 1989; Strijdom & Deschodt, 1976), observed better results in survival of rhizobia at room temperature (20°C) as compared to the recommended 4°C (Hafeez et al, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For other abbreviations see Table 1. [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] of nodule producing bacteria (Hafeez et al, 1989;Strijdom & Deschodt, 1976), observed better results in survival of rhizobia at room temperature (20 C) as compared to the recommended 4 C (Hafeez et al, 1989).…”

Section: Pca Of Physico-chemical Properties Of Cmcbased Carrier Mater...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cow manure compost‐based products as alternative rhizobial carrier materials

Shabir

Rashti

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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Cow manure compost (CMC) has been used widely as soil amendment to improve soil fertility and health, and to minimize environmental impacts. However, direct use of commercial CMC‐based products as alternative rhizobial carrier materials is rare, it could promote inoculant commercialization. This research aimed to explore the potential of four CMC‐based products (CMC powder, CMC granular, CMC + 50% gypsum, and CMC + 30% biochar) as a rhizobial carrier. Peat was used as a standard (control) material. All the carriers were directly mixed with Bradyrhizobium japonicum CB 1809 strain to prepare four CMC‐based inoculants. Shelf life of inoculants was evaluated up to 120 days of storage and survival rate in soil was determined after 30 days under both optimum moisture (55% WHC—water‐holding capacity) and drought stress (15% WHC) conditions. Results revealed that overall, CMC + 50% gypsum product showed better physicochemical characteristics such as WHC (126.9 ± 6.87%), Ca (134.15 ± 5.78 mg kg−1), and S (104.9 ± 6.52 mg kg−1) with the best shelf life during storage at 28°C and 35°C temperatures. The difference in shelf life between the CMC + 50% gypsum and other CMC‐based products became more apparent at higher temperature (35°C) and longer‐term storage (120 days). Additionally, when introduced into the soil, the CMC + 50% gypsum carrier outperformed the peat (control), showing the best strain survival rate of 95% (under optimum moisture) and 87% (under drought) after 30 days of storage. The strain population of CMC + 30% biochar as carrier was the lowest with values 8.66 Log 10 CFU g−1 and 7.52 Log 10 CFU g−1 in the shelf‐life test at both storage temperatures 28°C and 35°C, respectively, likely due to its alkaline pH. Multivariate analysis revealed that the carriers' WHC, Ca (involved in nodule formation and stability), and S (essential for nodule metabolism and nitrogenase activity) contents had a strong positive correlation with the long‐term shelf life and the survival rate in soil, confirming the importance of carrier materials' moisture retention and availability of specific elements (Ca, S). Hence, CMC + 50% gypsum showed the highest values of WHC, Ca and S, and optimum pH, reflecting its highest rhizobial population density and survival rate as compared to other carriers. This work has demonstrated the great potential of CMC‐based commercial products as alternative carrier materials, opening an alternative avenue for rapid commercial development of inoculants.

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Growth and survival of cowpea bradyrhizobia in various carrier materials

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Suppression of red rot disease by Bacillus sp. based biopesticide formulated in non-sterilized sugarcane filter cake

Suppression of red rot disease by Bacillus sp. based biopesticide formulated in non-sterilized sugarcane filter cake

Potential of Rice Stubble as a Reservoir of Bradyrhizobial Inoculum in Rice-Legume Crop Rotation

Cow manure compost‐based products as alternative rhizobial carrier materials

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