Growth and flowering physiology, and developing new technologies to increase the flower numbers in the Genus Lilium

Suh, Jeung Keun; Wu, Xue Wei; Lee, Ae Kyung; Roh, Mark S.

doi:10.1007/s13580-013-0058-2

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This developmental inhibition has been defined as ‘dormancy’ of the daughter bulb before anthesis of the mother plant, and ‘dormancy release’ thereafter (Wang & Roberts ; Suh et al . ). This feature could therefore be considered as a case of apical dominance, as suggested by Borochov et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Flowering pathway is regulated by bulb size in Lilium longiflorum (Easter lily)

Lazare

Zaccai

2016

Plant Biol J

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Lilium longiflorum (Easter lily) vegetative propagation occurs through production of underground bulbs containing apical and axillary meristems. In addition, sexual reproduction is achieved by flowering of elongated shoots above the bulb. It is generally accepted that L. longiflorum has an obligatory requirement for vernalisation and that long day (LD) regime hastens flowering. However, the effect of bulb size and origin, with respect to axillary or apical meristems on flowering, as well as the interactions between these meristems are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of bulb size, vernalisation and photoperiod on L. longiflorum flowering. To this end, we applied vernalisation and photoperiod treatments to the different bulb sizes and used a system of constant ambient temperature of 25 °C, above vernalisation spectrum, to avoid cold-dependent floral induction during plant growth. Vernalisation and LD hasten flowering in all bulbs. Large, non-vernalised bulbs invariably remained at a vegetative stage. However, small non-vernalised bulbs flowered under LD conditions. These results demonstrate for the first time that cold exposure is not an obligatory prerequisite for L. longiflorum flowering, and that an alternative flowering pathway can bypass vernalisation in small bulbs. We suggest that apical dominance interactions determine the distinct flowering pathways of the apical and axillary meristems. Similar floral induction is achieved in propagated bulblets from scaling. These innovative findings in the field of geophyte floral induction represent valuable applicative knowledge for lily production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Rather, a number of parameters, including response to cold exposure, ratio between daughter and mother scales within a bulb, and number of leaves initiated by the daughter meristem have been used as physiological markers (Blaney & Roberts ; Suh et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Flowering pathway is regulated by bulb size in Lilium longiflorum (Easter lily)

Lazare

Zaccai

2016

Plant Biol J

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“…One or two years are required to harvest flower buds from interspecific hybrids (Suh et al, 2013b) for collection and evaluation of volatiles emitted by them. If volatiles produced from the leaves of young plants could be correlated with those emitted from flower buds, then volatiles emitted by the leaves could be used to screen hybrids that potentially produce odor at postharvest in home environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatiles emitted from single flower buds of a Lilium longiflorum × L. callosum interspecific hybrid and its parents

Kim¹,

Roh²,

Dickens³

et al. 2014

Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol.

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This research was initiated to analyze the volatiles emitted from a single flower bud of Lilium longiflorum Thunb., L. callosum Sieb. et Zucc., and their interspecific hybrids L. longiflorum × L. callosum (L. longi × L. cal IH). Volatiles, collected automatically every 6-hour intervals at 20 o C before anthesis and at anthesis, were analyzed using a coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. The most abundant volatiles in L. longiflorum occurred at retention time (rt) 12.17 (peak 7) and rt 6.87 min (peak 3), and were tentatively identified as 1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol (nerolidol) and 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,7-octariene (ocimene), respectively, and sensory evaluation assessed the blend to have a pleasant fragrance. However, these peaks were not observed in L. callosum which produced a relatively low level of volatiles at rt 5.36, rt 5.84, and rt 12.31 min. Emission of volatiles from a single flower bud showed a diurnal rhythm peaking between 2000 and 0200 HR and also at anthesis. The level of volatiles released from L. longi × L. cal IH flowers was less than that from L. longiflorum, and no odor was evident by sensory evaluation. Mild and pleasant fragrance of L. longi × L. cal IH results from the inheritance of volatiles such as ocimene and nerolidol from L. longiflorum at a reduced level and the lack of production of volatiles that could produce odors.Additional key words: diurnal rhythm, fragrance, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Lilium hansonii, odor, scent Hort. Environ. Biotechnol. 55(5):410-414. 2014.

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“…The lily bulb is non‐tunicated, and mainly constituted of fleshy scales, but also contains a basal plate from which new meristems are formed (Figure ). Before sprouting, an apical meristem and several leaf primordia are found within the bulb (Miller, ; Suh et al ., ). The position of lily scales on the basal plate, i.e., inner, younger scales close to the apical bulb meristem or outer, older scales (Figure ) was shown to affect several important processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Removal of several outer scales of cold‐treated L. longiflorum bulbs hastened sprouting after planting, but inhibited leaves and flowers formation and development (Lin and Roberts, ). Certain studies refer to outer and inner scales as ‘mother’ and ‘daughter’ scales, respectively (Lin and Roberts, ; Roh and Wilkins, ; Suh et al ., ); however, we prefer using a positional description, to avoid confusion with bulblets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The proof is in the bulb: glycerol influences key stages of lily development

et al. 2018

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A bulb is a whole plant condensed into an underground organ. A geophyte's bulb comprises both food reserves and important developmental history that may affect its whole growth. In Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum), bulb size is associated with the plant's flowering pathwayvernalization or photoperiodand also affects sprouting, flower quality and abortion rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the reasons for the major physiological differences between large and small bulbs. Lily bulbs start their development from secondary meristems along the stem, with large bulbs being heavier and bear more scales than small ones. Peeling the outer scales of a large bulb converts its physiological responses into those of a small bulb, implying that the physiological discrepancies in plants developing from large or small bulbs are mediated by factors inherent to the bulb. We therefore performed broad analyses of the metabolite composition in the scales of bulbs subjected to temperature regimes affecting further plant development. We found a striking association between the level of glycerol, a primary metabolite mostly synthesized in the outer scales, and a delay in sprouting and flowering time, and reduction in abortion rate. Exogenous glycerol application to the bulbs before planting corroborated these results. Moreover, transcriptome analyses showed that flowering-promoting gene expression was downregulated in the bulb after glycerol treatment, while potential flowering inhibitor as well as a dormancy-related gene expressions were upregulated. Based on these studies, we postulate that glycerol is a major factor influencing both vegetative and reproductive development in lily.

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Growth and flowering physiology, and developing new technologies to increase the flower numbers in the Genus Lilium

Cited by 17 publications

References 54 publications

Flowering pathway is regulated by bulb size in Lilium longiflorum (Easter lily)

Flowering pathway is regulated by bulb size in Lilium longiflorum (Easter lily)

Volatiles emitted from single flower buds of a Lilium longiflorum × L. callosum interspecific hybrid and its parents

The proof is in the bulb: glycerol influences key stages of lily development

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