Growth and aggregation behavior of representative phytoplankton as affected by the environmental contaminant di-n-butyl phthalate

Acey, Roger A.; Healy, Patricia A.; Unger, Thomas F.; Ford, Carolyn E.; Hudson, Richard

doi:10.1007/bf01691781

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The most sensitive NOEC is observed for Oncorhynchus mykiss, and is taken from a study by Rhodes et al (1995). One study was found for chronic toxicity to saltwater organisms (Acey et al, 1987). The sensitivity of this algae to DBP is in the same order of magnitude as observed for the freshwater species.…”

Section: Results From Toxicity Testsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Environmental Risk Limits for Two Phthalates, with Special Emphasis on Endocrine Disruptive Properties

Wezel

Vlaardingen

Posthumus

et al. 2000

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

225

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Section: Results From Toxicity Testsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Environmental Risk Limits for Two Phthalates, with Special Emphasis on Endocrine Disruptive Properties

Wezel

Vlaardingen

Posthumus

et al. 2000

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

225

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“…Saltwater algae . Acey et al [35] found that DBP altered the growth and/or aggregation of three saltwater algal species, Dunaliella parva (green algae), Thalassioria pseudomonas (diatom), and Synechococcus lividus (blue‐green algae) exposed to DBP. The DBP was found to stimulate growth of the aggregate form of S. lividus or to stimulate the aggregation of organisms.…”

Section: Acute and Chronic Toxicity Of Phthalate Estersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diatoms appeared to be the least sensitive species. Based on these limited studies, Acey et al suggested these findings might imply an effect on the distribution of saltwater phytoplankton with potential disruption at the base of the food chain [35].…”

Section: Acute and Chronic Toxicity Of Phthalate Estersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic toxicity of eighteen phthalate esters

Staples¹,

Adams²,

Parkerton

et al. 1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

179

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The extensive database of acute and chronic aquatic toxicity data for 18 phthalate esters was reviewed and summarized for freshwater and saltwater aquatic microorganisms, algae, invertebrates, and fish. Phthalate esters have been tested with six species of microorganisms, including bacteria and protozoans. Fifteen algal species have been tested, including green and bluegreen algae in both freshwater and saltwater. Nineteen freshwater and saltwater invertebrate species inhabiting surface waters and sediments and 21 freshwater and saltwater fish inhabiting cold and warm water bodies have been tested. The results of most studies indicate that acute and chronic toxicity to microorganisms, algae, aquatic invertebrates, and fish are limited to the lower molecular weight phthalate esters (i.e., dimethyl‐, diethyl‐, diallyl‐, dipropyl‐, dibutyl‐, diisobutyl‐, and butylbenzylphthalate). In contrast, higher molecular weight phthalate esters are not acutely or chronically toxic to aquatic organisms. Although conflicting data on chronic effects for high molecular weight phthalate esters have been reported for daphnids, these inconsistencies are attributed to physical effects imposed on daphnids when exposed to test concentrations in excess of true water solubilities. Altogether, nearly 400 test results covering more than 60 species of microorganisms, algae, invertebrates, and fish are reported for both freshwater and saltwater aquatic species. While most investigators used several common species and standard protocols to assay conventional endpoints, many nontraditional species and toxicological endpoints were also used. This has created a toxicological database of both sufficient depth to compare many similar tests and sufficient breadth to encompass virtually all important types of aquatic habitats and classes of aquatic species.

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“…al., 1989). In tests with aquatic organisms this compound has presented high toxicity in the Microtox test (TARKPEA et al, 1986) to sweet water algae and marine dinoflagellates (WILSON et al, 1978;YOSHIOKA et al, 1985;ACEY et al, 1987;O'CONNOR et al, 1989;KÜHN;PATTARD, 1990;YAN et al, 1995), as well as to marine microcrustaceans, mysidaceas, fairy shrimps, amphipodas and harpacticoid copepods (MAYER;SANDERS, 1973;LINDEN et al, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic toxicity test with sea urchin Echinometra lucunter and Lytechinus variegatus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea), exposed to light-stick - flag paternoster used for longline surface fishing

Cesar-Ribeiro

Palanch-Hans

2010

Braz. j. oceanogr.

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In this work, the chronic toxicity of a mixture of light-stick chemicals and water was tested. The light-stick is used in fishery activities to catch swordfish. The tubes were collected on the beaches of the Costa dos Coqueiros -BA, Brazil, in the period from 14th to 31st July 2007. The method used was a short chronic toxicity test where embryos of the sea urchins Echinometra lucunter and Lytechinus variegatus were exposed to a stock solution consisting of the supernatant formed from a mixture of sea water and the orange-colored light-stick chemical. After a preliminary test, concentrations defined were 0.002, 0.003, 0.01, 0.02, 0.1, 1.0% of stock solution. The final test ran for 36 hours for E. Lucunter and 24 hours for L. variegatus with 4 replicates for each concentration. The value of EC50 -36h was 0.062% with confidence limits ranging from 0.042 to 0.079% and the EC50 -24h was 0.011% with confidence limits ranging from 0.009 to 0.014%, i.e., the chemical mix present in the light-stick is potentially toxic. So, as these flags are commonly used for fishing there is potential danger in their disposal in the open ocean. RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a toxicidade crônica da água do mar em contato com o líquido contido no light-stick, sinalizador utilizado em pesca de espinhel de superfície para a captura de espadarte. Os tubos foram coletados nas praias da Costa dos Coqueiros -BA, no período de 14 a 31 de Julho de 2007. O método utilizado para a verificação da toxicidade crônica foi o teste de curta duração com embriões de ouriço-do-mar Echinometra lucunter e Lytechinus variegatus, os ensaios foram realizados com solução estoque que consiste do sobrenadante formado a partir de uma mistura de água do mar com o líquido do sinalizador de coloração laranja. Após um teste preliminar as concentrações definidas foram 0.002; 0.003; 0.01; 0.02; 0.1; 1.0%. O teste definitivo teve duração de 36 horas para E. lucunter e 24 horas para L. variegatus, sendo preparadas 4 réplicas para cada concentração. O valor da CE50 -36h encontrado foi de 0.062% com limites de aceitabilidade variando de 0.042 a 0.079% e a CE50 -24h encontrada foi de 0.011% com limites de aceitabilidade variando de 0.009 a 0.014%, ou seja, os compostos químicos presentes no light-stick são potencialmente tóxicos. Portanto já que esses sinalizadores são utilizados comumente como petrechos de pesca há a necessidade de que eles sejam recolhidos, pois podem causar efeitos adversos quando abrem nos oceanos.

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Growth and aggregation behavior of representative phytoplankton as affected by the environmental contaminant di-n-butyl phthalate

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Environmental Risk Limits for Two Phthalates, with Special Emphasis on Endocrine Disruptive Properties

Environmental Risk Limits for Two Phthalates, with Special Emphasis on Endocrine Disruptive Properties

Aquatic toxicity of eighteen phthalate esters

Chronic toxicity test with sea urchin Echinometra lucunter and Lytechinus variegatus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea), exposed to light-stick - flag paternoster used for longline surface fishing

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