Growing season length as an indicator of climatic variations?

Brinkmann, W. A. R.

doi:10.1007/bf00133219

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Furthermore, recognizing that growing-season statistics based on a single-threshold air temperature can sometimes be misleading (Brinkmann 1979), we instead make use of integrative smoothing measures as recommended by Menzel et al (2003). To accomplish this, we calculated the 5-day running mean temperatures beginning with the fourth day before daily mean temperatures first rise above the base temperature.…”

Section: Definitions Of Growing Season Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal change in China’s climatic growing season: 1955–2000

et al. 2009

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The timing, length, and thermal intensity of the climatic growing season in China show statistically significant changes over the period of 1955 to 2000. Nationally, the average start of the growing season has shifted 4.6-5.5 days earlier while the average end has moved 1.8-3.7 days later, increasing the length of the growing season by 6.9-8.7 days depending on the base temperature chosen. The thermal intensity of the growing season has increased by 74.9-196.8 growing degreedays, depending on the base temperature selected. The spatial characteristics of the change in the timing and length of the growing season differ from the geographical pattern of change in temperatures over this period; but the spatial characteristics of change in growing degree-days does resemble the pattern for temperatures, with higher rates in northern regions. Nationally, two distinct regimes are evident over time: an initial period where growing season indicators fluctuate near a base period average, and a second period of rapidly increasing growing season length and thermal intensity. Growing degree-days are highly correlated with March-to-November mean air temperatures in all climatic regions of China; the length of the growing season is likewise highly correlated with March-to-November mean air temperatures except in east, southeast and southwest China at base temperature of 0• C and southeast China at base temperature of 5• C. The growing season start date appears to have the greater influence on the length of the growing season. In China, warmer growing seasons are also likely to be longer growing seasons.

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Section: Definitions Of Growing Season Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal change in China’s climatic growing season: 1955–2000

et al. 2009

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“…Some related questions are not yet solved: Brinkmann (1979) noted that T min is particularly sensitive to small local differences and is characteristically a much more variable element in its horizontal distribution than daily mean temperatures. Although mean changes in the climatological growing season, derived from 41 climate stations, may give representative results for Germany, their spatial resolution is not sufficient to compare the spatial variability of changes based on T min and T mean .…”

Section: Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of the climatological growing season (1951–2000) in Germany compared with other countries

Menzel

Jakobi

Ahas

et al. 2003

Intl Journal of Climatology

168

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We analyse how variations in the climatological growing season, defined by single-value thresholds of daily minimum and mean air temperature, mirror recent changes in plant phenological phases. In Germany 41 climate stations), the dates of last spring frost T min < 0°C (<−3°C and <−5°C) advance by 0.24 (0.23 and 0.32) days per year on average, and the first day when the daily mean temperature constantly exceeds 5°C (7°C and 10°C) advances by 0.13 (0.21 and 0.09) days per year. The respective autumn dates are delayed up to 0.25 days per year; in total, the climatological growing season is lengthened by 0.11 to 0.49 days per year, depending on the criterion analysed. However, a certain station-to-station variability is displayed. Mean trends of phenological phases correspond well to those measures of the climatological growing season having similar seasonal occurrence. Thus, for example, the extension of the growing seasons of trees (up to 0.22 days per year) averages the lengthening of the period where the daily mean temperature constantly exceeds 5°C (0.23 days per year). However, the greatest changes result for the lengthening of the frost-free period (0.49 days per year) due to the observed stronger increase in daily minimum rather than maximum temperatures. Consequently, trees may not take advantage of the frost-free season as before, but may profit from a reduced risk of damage by late spring frosts.A parallel evaluation of trends in the climatological growing season in other European countries (Austria, Switzerland, Estonia) supports this finding of a stronger lengthening of the frost-free period than that of the growing season based on daily mean air temperature. The mean lengthening of the frost-free period of 0.50 days per year in Austria and Switzerland (1951-99, 18 stations <950 m a.s.l.) and 0.34 days per year in Estonia (1951Estonia ( -2000 is quite similar to that in Germany. The lengthening of the growing season (T mean ≥ 7°C) in Austria and Switzerland (0.39 days per year) also approximates the respective result for Germany (0.36 days per year). However, in several cases, the trends increase with altitude (up to 500-900 m a.s.l.), but at high-elevation climate stations (>950 m a.s.l.) weaker trends are again generally observed.

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“…Due to regional differences in climate and ecological characteristics, it is not straightforward to compare changes in growing season on a global scale (Linderholm 2006). For example, the climatological growing season is often defined by using fixed temperature thresholds, like 5°C (Jones and Briffa 1995;Carter 1998;Frich et al 2002), or 0°C (Brinkmann 1979;Cooter and LeDuc 1995;Kunkel et al 2004), which may not be valid at warmer regions. Moreover, there are still discrepancies due to different methods applied even using one fixed temperature threshold (Walther and Linderholm 2006;Qian et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidecadal variability in local growing season during 1901–2009

Xia

Zeng

2012

Clim Dyn

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Global warming exerts a lengthening effect on the growing season, with observational evidences emerging from different regions over the world. However, the difficulty for a global overview of this effect for the last century arises from limited availability of the long-term daily observations. In this study, we find a good linear relationship between the start (end) date of local growing season (LGS) and the monthly mean temperature in April (October) using the global gridded daily temperature dataset for 1960-1999. Using homogenized daily temperature records from nine stations where the time series go back to the beginning of the twentieth century, we find that the rate of change in the start (end) date of the LGS for per degree warming in April (October) mean temperature keeps nearly constant throughout the time. This enables us to study LGS changes during the last century using global gridded monthly mean temperature data. The results show that during the period 1901-2009, averaged over the observation areas, the LGS length has increased by a rate of 0.89 days decade -1 , mainly due to an earlier start (-0.58 days decade -1 ). This is smaller than those estimates for the late half of the twentieth century, because of multidecadal climate variability (MDV). A MDV component of the LGS index series is extracted by using Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition method. The MDV exhibits significant positive correlation with the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO) over most of the Northern Hemisphere lands, but negative in parts of North America and Western Asia for start date of LGS. These are explained by analyzing differences in atmospheric circulation expressed by sea level pressure departures between the warm and cool phases of AMO. It is suggested that MDV in association with AMO accelerates the lengthening of LGS in Northern Hemisphere by 53 % for the period 1980-2009.

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Growing season length as an indicator of climatic variations?

Cited by 43 publications

References 19 publications

Spatiotemporal change in China’s climatic growing season: 1955–2000

Spatiotemporal change in China’s climatic growing season: 1955–2000

Variations of the climatological growing season (1951–2000) in Germany compared with other countries

Multidecadal variability in local growing season during 1901–2009

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