Group I Afferent Pathway Contributes to Functional Knee Stability

Friemert, Benedikt; Franke, Steffen; Gollhofer, Albert; Claes, Lutz; Faist, Michael

doi:10.1152/jn.00172.2009

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Greater hamstrings co-activation is common among individuals with ACLR and is a protective response to limit anterior tibial translation and increase joint stability. 28,42 Our findings suggest that deficits in quadriceps activation commonly observed in individuals with ACLR could be due in part to reciprocal inhibition from heightened hamstrings coactivation. The negative associations between hamstrings co-activation and quadriceps function and lack of group differences between quadriceps RTD and EMG amplitude after covarying for hamstrings co-activation suggest reciprocal inhibition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Quadriceps Function and Hamstrings Co-Activation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Pamukoff

Pietrosimone

Ryan

et al. 2017

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) have quadriceps dysfunction that contributes to physical disability and posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis. Quadriceps function in the ACLR limb is commonly evaluated relative to the contralateral uninjured limb. Bilateral quadriceps dysfunction is common in individuals with ACLR, potentially biasing these evaluations.Objective: To compare quadriceps function between individuals with ACLR and uninjured control participants.Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Research laboratory.Patients or Other Participants: Twenty individuals with unilateral ACLR (age ¼ 21.1 6 1.7 years, mass ¼ 68.3 6 14.9 kg, time since ACLR ¼ 50.7 6 21.3 months; females ¼ 14; Tegner Score ¼ 7.1 6 0.3; 16 patellar tendon autografts, 3 hamstrings autografts, 1 allograft) matched to 20 control participants (age ¼ 21.2 6 1.2 years, mass ¼ 67.9 6 11.3 kg; females ¼ 14; Tegner Score ¼ 7.1 6 0.4) on age, sex, body mass index, and Tegner Activity Scale.Main Outcome Measure(s): Maximal voluntary isometric knee extension was performed on an isokinetic dynamometer. Peak torque (PT), rate of torque development (RTD), electromyographic (EMG) amplitude, central activation ratio (CAR), and hamstrings EMG amplitude were assessed during maximal voluntary isometric knee extension and compared between groups using independent-samples t tests. Relationships between hamstrings co-activation and quadriceps function were assessed using Pearson correlations.Results: Participants with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction displayed lesser quadriceps PT (1.86 6 0.74 versus 2.56 6 0.37 Nm/kg, P ¼ .001), RTD (39.4 6 18.7 versus 52.9 6 16.4 Nm/s/kg, P ¼ .03), EMG amplitude (0.25 6 0.12 versus 0.37 6 0.26 mV, P ¼ .04), and CAR (83.3% 6 11.1% versus 93.7% 6 3.2%, P ¼ .002) and greater hamstrings co-activation (27.2% 6 12.8% versus 14.3% 6 3.7%, P , .001) compared with control participants. Correlations were found between hamstrings co-activation and PT (r ¼ À0.39, P ¼ .007), RTD (r ¼ À0.30, P ¼ .03), and EMG amplitude (r ¼ À0.30, P ¼ .03).Conclusions: Individuals with ACLR possessed deficits in PT, RTD, and CAR compared with control participants. Peak torque is the net result of all agonist and antagonist activity, and lesser PT in individuals with ACLR is partially attributable to greater hamstrings co-activation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Quadriceps Function and Hamstrings Co-Activation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Pamukoff

Pietrosimone

Ryan

et al. 2017

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…Several studies have focused on hamstring reflex responses and their role in resisting posterior-anterior tibial translation (TT), which served as a criterion for functional knee stability [14], [15]. A study by Friemert et al [14] has revealed that these reflex responses originate from primary and secondary spindle afferents in the hamstring muscles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fatigue on Hamstring Reflex Responses and Posterior-Anterior Tibial Translation in Men and Women

et al. 2013

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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture ranks among the most common injuries in sports. The incidence of ACL injuries is considerably higher in females than in males and the underlying mechanisms are still under debate. Furthermore, it has been suggested that muscle fatigue can be a risk factor for ACL injuries.We investigated gender differences in hamstring reflex responses and posterior-anterior tibial translation (TT) before and after fatiguing exercise. We assessed the isolated movement of the tibia relative to the femur in the sagittal plane as a consequence of mechanically induced TT in standing subjects. The muscle activity of the hamstrings was evaluated. Furthermore, isometric maximum voluntary torque (iMVT) and rate of torque development (RTD) of the hamstrings (H) and quadriceps (Q) were measured and the MVT H/Q as well as the RTD H/Q ratios were calculated.After fatigue, reflex onset latencies were enhanced in women. A reduction of reflex responses associated with an increased TT was observed in females. Men showed no differences in these parameters. Correlation analysis revealed no significant associations between parameters for TT and MVT H/Q as well as RTD H/Q.The results of the present study revealed that the fatigue protocol used in this study altered the latency and magnitude of reflex responses of the hamstrings as well as TT in women. These changes were not found in men. Based on our results, it is conceivable that the fatigue-induced decrease in neuromuscular function with a corresponding increase in TT probably contributes to the higher incidence of ACL injuries in women.

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“…Friemert and co-workers provided reasonable evidence that muscular responses of the hamstring muscles to anterior tibial translation mainly originate from hamstring muscle primary and secondary spindle afferents (Friemert, Franke, Gollhofer, Claes, & Faist, 2010). While the design of the study allowed the authors to draw conclusions regarding afferent pathways of the homonymous muscle involved in the reflex response, a potential influence of heteronymous afferents on hamstring activation could not be excluded.…”

Section: Hamstring Responses To the Perturbation Stimulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selective responsiveness of distinct reflex components observed in our study provides the knee joint with protective mechanisms against various kinds of perturbations. As the fastest responses (P1) were sensitive to the velocity of the stimulus (RFD), they are appropriate to decelerate fast perturbations in single events like sudden muscle lengthening during unexpected joint rotation or displacement (Friemert et al, 2010). The slower responses (P2) were related to the amplitude (IMP) of the stimulus and thereby fit well for the compensation of slower perturbations with ample extent, when a fast but brief burst would not be sufficient to counteract the anterior tibial translation due to the ongoing impact of the perturbation (Beard, Kyberd, O'connor, Fergusson, & Dodd, 1994;Jennings & Seedhom, 1994).…”

Section: Functional Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Friemert and co-workers provided evidence that hamstring group I afferents may reduce maximal tibial translation in anteriorly directed perturbation of functional knee stability in healthy subjects (Friemert et al, 2010). If training for prevention of ACL injuries targets at this SLR mechanism, the perturbations that are applied during training do not necessarily require extensive amplitude but ample velocity.…”

Section: Functional Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential effects of stimulus characteristics during knee joint perturbation on hamstring and quadriceps reflex responses

Bruhn

Leukel

Gollhofer

2011

Human Movement Science

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Group I Afferent Pathway Contributes to Functional Knee Stability

Abstract: Friemert B, Franke S, Golhofer A, Claes L, Faist M. Group I afferent pathway contributes to functional knee stability.

Cited by 22 publications

References 49 publications

Quadriceps Function and Hamstrings Co-Activation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Quadriceps Function and Hamstrings Co-Activation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Effect of Fatigue on Hamstring Reflex Responses and Posterior-Anterior Tibial Translation in Men and Women

Differential effects of stimulus characteristics during knee joint perturbation on hamstring and quadriceps reflex responses

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