Group A Rotavirus Associated with Encephalitis in Red Fox

Busi, Chiara; Martella, Vito; Papetti, Alice; Sabelli, Cristiano; Lelli, Davide; Alborali, G. L.; Gibelli, Lucia; Gelmetti, Daniela; Llombart‐Bosch, Antonio; Cordioli, Paolo; Boniotti, Maria Beatrice

doi:10.3201/eid2309.170158

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Moreover, nine P genotypes, specifically, P [3], P [11], P [13], P [14], P [21], P [23], and three tentatively novel P genotypes, were detected. In total, eight genotype combinations were detected in nine foxes, as follows: G8P [14] (N = 1), G9P [3] (N = 1), G9P [23] (N = 1), G10P [11] (N = 1), G10P [3] (N = 1), G11P [13] (N = 1), G15P [21] (N = 1), and G?P[?] (N = 2).…”

Section: The Results Of Vp7 and Vp4 Genotyping And Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Two sequences included in the phylogenetic analysis had only 82.4% identity at the nt level (95.6% at the aa level), which is evident from their clustering into different lineages (Figure 2). The sequence of the RVA/Fox-wt/HRV/L157-VS/2018/G8P [14] strain is moderately similar to that of goat, sheep, bovine, and one human G8 RVA strain (91.2-93.3% at the nt and 97.2-97.6% at the aa level), while the RVA/Fox-wt/HRV/L136-VS/2018/G8P[X] strain shares high sequence identity with cow, dog, pig, alpaca, rabbit, vicuna, roe deer, and human strains (96.7-97.5% at the nt and 98.1-98.2% at the aa level) (Figure 2).…”

Section: Vp7 Genotypes and Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vp4 Genotypes and Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The P [14] genotype was identified in the RVA strain detected in a fox from Vukovar-Srijem County in 2018. This genotype was found in combination with the G8 genotype (strain RVA/Fox-wt/HRV/L157-VS/2018/G8P [14]), both considered to be of Artiodactyla origin. Nevertheless, this fox RVA strain showed the closest phylogenetic relatedness and the highest sequence identity with human RVA strains (98.5% at the nt and 98.5% at the aa level with the KU508383 strain detected in Hungary), as presented in Figure 3, indicating possible zoonotic potential.…”

Section: Vp4 Genotypes and Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among wild animals, red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are especially interesting since they colonize urban and semi-urban areas and, therefore, may represent a disease spillover risk to human and animal health [12]. So far, the research on RVAs in red foxes comes down to one result obtained by negative-contrast electron microscopy [13] and the recent description of RVA as a causative agent of encephalitis [14]. The latter case is an interesting finding of an avian origin RVA strain affecting a mammalian host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Remarkable Genetic Diversity of Rotavirus A Circulating in Red Fox Population in Croatia

et al. 2021

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Rotaviruses (RV), especially Rotavirus A (RVA), are globally recognized as pathogens causing neonatal diarrhea, but they also affect intensive animal farming. However, the knowledge on their significance in wildlife is rather limited. The aim of the study was to unveil the prevalence, molecular epidemiology, and genetic diversity of RVA strains circulating in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) population in Croatia. From 2018 to 2019, 370 fecal samples from fox carcasses hunted for rabies monitoring were collected. All samples were first tested using a VP2 real-time RT-PCR; in the subsequent course, positives were subjected to VP7 and VP4 genotyping. The results revealed an RVA prevalence of 14.9%, while the circulating RVA strains showed a remarkable genetic diversity in terms of 11 G and nine P genotypes, among which one G and three P were tentatively identified as novel. In total, eight genotype combinations were detected: G8P[14], G9P[3], G9P[23], G10P[11], G10P[3], G11P[13], G15P[21], and G?P[?]. The results suggest a complex background of previous interspecies transmission events, shedding new light on the potential influence of foxes in RVA epidemiology. Their role as potential reservoirs of broad range of RVA genotypes, usually considered typical solely of domestic animals and humans, cannot be dismissed.

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Section: The Results Of Vp7 and Vp4 Genotyping And Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Vp7 Genotypes and Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vp4 Genotypes and Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vp4 Genotypes and Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Remarkable Genetic Diversity of Rotavirus A Circulating in Red Fox Population in Croatia

et al. 2021

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Molecular characterization of an avian rotavirus a strain detected from a large-billed crow (Corvus macrorhynchos) in Japan

Fujii,

Masatani,

Nishiyama

et al. 2024

Virology

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Genetic and biological characteristics of species A rotaviruses detected in common shrews suggest a distinct evolutionary trajectory

et al. 2022

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Species A rotaviruses (RVAs) are important etiological agents of severe diarrhea in young children. They are also widely distributed in mammals and birds, and increasing evidence indicates the possibility of zoonotic transmission of RVA strains between animals and humans. Moreover, reassortment of the eleven segments of the RVA genome can result in rapid biological changes and may influence pathogenic properties. Here, the nearly complete genome of an RVA strain from a common shrew (Sorex araneus) was sequenced, which showed high nucleotide sequence similarity to additionally determined partial sequences from common shrew RVAs, but only very low identity (below 68%) to RVAs from other animal species and humans. New genotypes were assigned to most genome segments of the novel common shrew RVA strain KS14/269 resulting in the genome constellation G39-P[55]-I27-R26-C22-M22-A37-N26-T26-E30-H26. Phylogenetic analyses clustered the common shrew RVAs as ancestral branches of other mammalian and avian RVAs for most of the genome segments, which is in contrast to the phylogeny of the hosts. Nevertheless, conserved sequences typical for all RVAs were identified at the 5ʹ- and 3ʹ- non-coding segment termini. To explore, whether the common shrew RVA can exchange genetic material with other mammalian RVAs by reassortment, a reverse genetics system based on the simian RVA strain SA11 was used. However, no viable reassortants could be rescued by exchanging the VP4-, VP6- or VP7-encoding genome segment alone or in combinations. It can be concluded that highly divergent RVAs are present in common shrews indicating an evolution of these viruses largely separated from other mammalian and avian RVAs. The zoonotic potential of the virus seems to be low, but needs to be further analyzed in future.

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Group A Rotavirus Associated with Encephalitis in Red Fox

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

A Remarkable Genetic Diversity of Rotavirus A Circulating in Red Fox Population in Croatia

A Remarkable Genetic Diversity of Rotavirus A Circulating in Red Fox Population in Croatia

Molecular characterization of an avian rotavirus a strain detected from a large-billed crow (Corvus macrorhynchos) in Japan

Genetic and biological characteristics of species A rotaviruses detected in common shrews suggest a distinct evolutionary trajectory

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