Groundwater Recharges Technology for Water Resource Management: A Case Study

Abstract

The irregularity in monsoon has severely affected the water availability at surface and sub-surface systems. Diminishing surface and sub-surface availability has not only decreased the water availability, but it additionally affected the ecosystem and increased disastrous situations like floods and droughts, resulting problems of stress on groundwater recharge. Groundwater recharge is a technique by which infiltrated water passes through the unsaturated region of groundwater and joins the water table. It is based upon soil type, land use land cover, geomorphology, geophysical and climate (viz. rainfall, temperature, humidity etc.) characteristics of a region. Over the years, due to variations in weather pattern and overexploitation of aquifers groundwater recharge has decreased and groundwater level has reduced in the most parts of the country. This has led to severe water deficit problems in several parts of the country. This can be solved by different direct and indirect methods of groundwater recharge technology. This technology can reduce the wastage of water and enhance groundwater availability for uses in different sector like irrigation, domestic and industrial uses.

Dimensions of supply risks in the supply of water: A case of Zet district municipality

“…It is suitable in coastal regions to capture sea water and also to withstand land subsidence problems in regions where confined aquifers are over-pumped [62]. Groundwater recharge or deep drainage/percolation is a hydrologic process where water moves downward from surface water to groundwater [73,74].…”

“…An injection well Figure 8 is generally in urban areas. It is used in certain hydrogeological settings for groundwater recharge where aquifers do not receive the natural recharge because of the confining layers of low permeability [74,77].…”

Application of GIS Techniques in Identifying Artificial Groundwater Recharging Zones in Arid Regions: A Case Study in Tissamaharama, Sri Lanka

“…GIS tools have the capacity to efficiently solve problems that need the integration of several spatially referenced data [5]. Several studies have adopted GIS tools in geospatial analyses related to groundwater quality assessment [17][18][19], groundwater pollution hazard and risk analyses [20,21], and artificial recharge potential [5,7,[9][10][11]13,14,22]. In some studies, researchers [14,15,23] have taken advantage of integrating remote sensing and GIS tools to perform groundwaterrelated analyses.…”

“…Overexploitation of groundwater or extracting extensive amounts of groundwater from aquifers results in the depletion of the existing groundwater resources. As a result, stream and well-water levels drop, the availability of water in surface water bodies reduces, the water quality may deteriorate, and further, it can create subsequent land subsidence caused by the drop in the groundwater table [7,8].…”

“…In the direct method, water is supplied to the aquifers by surface or subsurface technologies, where water artificially fills basins, furrows, ditches, percolation tanks, streams, or by using subsurface techniques such as injection wells, recharge pits, and shafts, dug wells, boreholes, and natural openings. In the indirect methods, the aquifers are modified or recharged by surface water sources [7]. Therefore, the identification of suitable sites for the artificial recharging of groundwater is very important in groundwater management.…”