Groundwater geochemistry and identification of hydrogeochemical processes in a hard rock region, Southern India

Subramani, T.; Rajmohan, Natarajan; Elango, L.

doi:10.1007/s10661-009-0781-4

Cited by 263 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Evaporation will increase the concentration of total dissolved solids in groundwater, and the Na/Cl ratio remains the same, and it is one of the good indicative factors of evaporation [19]. If evaporation is the dominant process, Na/Cl ratio should be constant when EC rises [20].…”

Section: Evaporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality and Identification of Hydrogeochemical Processes within University of Lagos, Nigeria

Odukoya¹,

Folorunso²,

Ayolabi³

et al. 2013

JWARP

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Water samples from twenty one boreholes were collected within University of Lagos and analyzed for physical properties, trace elements and cations using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Physical analysis of the samples shows slight acidity and alkalinity with 78% of the samples exceeded recommended standards. They can be classified as fresh water based on TDS and EC. Chloride concentrations fall within water standards in most samples while Al, Na, Pb and Br exceeded recommended standards in most samples. Gibbs plot, relationship between total cations, Na + K, Ca + Mg and Cl showed that all the groundwater samples fall in the water-rock interaction field which suggests that the weathering of rocks and influence of sea water primarily controls the major chemistry of groundwater in the area. Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) for all the water samples was less than 10 and excellent for irrigation purpose. Only 33% of water samples were suitable for irrigation based on Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP) and Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR), whereas based on Kellys Ratios (KR) all the water samples were not good for irrigation purpose having KR greater than 1. Fifty percent of the water samples showed pollution index (PI) above 1 with highest contribution (37.8%) from lead (Pb). Mn, Al, Ni, Fe and As contributed 29.3%, 19.13%, 8.66%, 4.25% and 0.82% respectively.

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Section: Evaporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality and Identification of Hydrogeochemical Processes within University of Lagos, Nigeria

Odukoya¹,

Folorunso²,

Ayolabi³

et al. 2013

JWARP

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“…The predominance of HCO 3 suggests that intense chemical weathering processes are taking place in this aquifer. Natural processes such as the incongruent dissolution of silicates in the rocks that react with CO 2 gas from root or microorganism respiration and from the mineralization of soil organic matter could be a mechanism that releases Ca, Mg, Na, K and HCO 3 into the groundwater, as indicated in the following reactions [35][36][37][38] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Rocks and Their Weathering Products on Groundwater Quality in Central-East Cameroon

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The present work highlights the influence of lithology on water quality in Méiganga and its surroundings. The main geological formations in this region include gneiss, granite and amphibolite. The soils developed on these rocks are of ABC type, which are acidic to slightly acidic. Electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter, total nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, sulfate, chloride, phosphorus and exchangeable base values were low to very low in the soil samples. Groundwater samples were investigated for their physicochemical characteristics. The wide ranges of EC values (15.1-436 µS/cm) and total dissolved solids (9-249 mg/L) revealed the heterogeneous distribution of hydrochemical processes within the groundwater of the area. The relative abundance of major dissolved species (mg/L) was Ca 2+ > Na + > Mg 2+ > K + for cations and HCO 3 − >> NO 3 − > Cl − > SO 4 2− for anions.All the groundwater samples were soft, with total hardness values (2.54-136.65 mg/L) below the maximum permissible limits of the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline. The majority of water samples (67%) were classified as mixed CaMg-HCO 3 type. Alkaline earth metal contents dominated those of alkali metals in 66.66% of samples. Thus, for the studied groundwater, Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ ion adsorption by clay minerals was almost nonexistent; this implies their release into the solution, which accounts for their high concentrations compared to alkali metals. Ion geochemistry revealed that water-rock interactions (silicate weathering) and ion exchange processes regulated the groundwater chemistry. One water sample points towards the evaporation domain of this diagram, indicating that groundwater probably does not originate from a deeper system. Kaolinite is the most stable secondary phase in the waters in the study area, in accordance with the geochemical process of monosiallitization, which predominated in the humid tropical zone.

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“…Mechanism controlling groundwater geochemistry a reaction between groundwater and aquifer minerals has a significant role in water quality which is useful to understand the genesis of water (Gibbs 1970;Subramani et al 2009;Vasanthavigar et al 2012). The chemical data of water samples of the area are plotted in Gibbs diagrams (Figure 4).…”

Section: Mechanism Controlling the Groundwater Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Udayagiri area, Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, South India Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques

Nagaraju¹,

Thejaswi²,

Sreedhar³

2016

Earth sci. res. j.

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Hydrogeochemical studies were carried out in and around Udayagiri area of Andhra Pradesh in order to assess the chemistry of the groundwater and to identify the dominant hydrogeochemical processes and mechanisms responsible for the evolution of the chemical composition of the groundwater. Descriptive statistics, correlation matrices, principal component analysis (PCA), together with cluster analysis (CA) were used to gain an understanding of the hydrogeochemical processes in the study area. PCA has identified 4 main processes influencing the groundwater chemistry viz., mineral precipitation and dissolution, seawater intrusion, cation exchange, and carbonate balance. Further, three clusters C1, C2 and C3 were obtained. Samples from C1 contain high level of Cl − and may be due to the intensive evaporation and contamination from landfill leachate. Most of the samples from C2 are located closer to the sea and the high level of Na + +K + in these samples may be attributed to seawater intrusion. The geochemistry of water samples in C3 are more likely to originate from rock weathering. This has been supported by Gibbs diagram. The groundwater geochemistry in the study area is mostly of natural origin, but is influenced to some degree by human activity.Se realizaron estudios hidrogeoquímicos en y alrededor del área Udayagiri de Andhra Pradesh para evaluar la química del agua subterránea e identificar los procesos hidrogeoquímicos dominantes y los mecanismos responsables de la evolución en la composición química del agua subterránea. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas, matrices de correlación, análisis de componentes principales, al igual que análisis de grupos, para obtener y entender los procesos hidrogeoquímicos en el área de estudio. Los análisis de componentes principales identificaron cuatro procesos determinantes que influenciaron la química del agua subterránea, estos son, la precipitación y disolución de minerales, l intrusión de agua marina, el intercambio de cationes y el equilibrio de carbonatos. De esta forma se obtuvieron tres grupos, C1, C2, y C3. Las muestras del grupo C1 contienen un alto nivel de Cl -, lo que podría deberse a la intensa evaporación y contaminación de los lixiviados de rellenos sanitarios. Muchas de las muestras del grupo C2 se ubican cerca del mar y el alto nivel de Na++K+ podría atriburise a la intrusión de agua marina. La geoquímica de las muestras de agua en el grupo C3 probablemente se desprende de la meteorización de rocas. El diagrama de Gibbs valida estos resultados. La geoquímica del agua subterránea en el área de estudio es principalmente de origen natural pero también está influenciado por la actividad humana en algún grado. EARTH SCIENCES RESEARCH JOURNALEarth Sci. Res. J. Vol. 20, No. 4 (December, 2016): E1-E7 ABSTRACT RESUMEN

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Groundwater geochemistry and identification of hydrogeochemical processes in a hard rock region, Southern India

Cited by 263 publications

References 21 publications

Groundwater Quality and Identification of Hydrogeochemical Processes within University of Lagos, Nigeria

Groundwater Quality and Identification of Hydrogeochemical Processes within University of Lagos, Nigeria

Importance of Rocks and Their Weathering Products on Groundwater Quality in Central-East Cameroon

Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Udayagiri area, Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, South India Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques

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