Groundwater contamination by nitrates associated with intensive potato culture in Québec

Levallois, Patrick; Thériault, Marius; Rouffignat, Joeul; Tessier, S.; Landry, R G; Ayotte, Pierre; Girard, Maryline; Gingras, Suzanne; Gauvin, Denis; Chiasson, Claudia

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(98)00191-0

Cited by 61 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Potato depends on a regular supply of water and nitrogen (N) to ensure high quality yield performance (Bélanger et al 2001, Levy et al 2013. The shallow root system of modern potato varieties frequently results in a high rate of nitrate leaching and consequently to ground water pollution (Levallois et al 1998). Shallow roots also make the plant susceptible to drought stress leading to decreases of tuber yield and quality, or, in severe cases, even to total loss of the harvest (Devaux et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and Physiological Response of Potatoes Indicate Different Strategies to Cope with Drought Stress and Nitrogen Fertilization

et al. 2016

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Access to Water and Nitrogen (N) are key challenges in potato crop management that could be optimized through understanding related agronomic and physiological traits. The responses to water deficit and two levels of nitrogen (0 and 200 kg N.ha-1) were assessed here for agronomic and physiological traits for potato genotypes UNICA, Achirana-INTA, and CIP397077.16, chosen for their short vegetative period (90--110 days) and tolerance to water deficit. Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) was greatly reduced in all genotypes under drought, even dropping to nearly zero. Despite this, the tuber yield and total biomass reduction of around 50 % for all genotypes could be alleviated with N application. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), chlorophyll content (SPAD), and Canopy cover (CC) were found to be good indicators for predicting nitrogen deficits and detecting early stress by drought. Overall, each genotype had different strategies to manage N and cope with drought stress. UNICA was the most efficient genotype at using the N present in the soil and tolerating drought stress, while Achirana-INTA was most affected by drought in terms of NUE. Based on the results, it is suggested that maximum fertilizer use efficiency can be obtained with low N rates applied under well-watered conditions. Improved NUE and a greater understanding of the physiological response of crops to drought stress and N fertilization will help to reduce fertilizer use, lessening the effects of water contamination and improving input efficiency.Resumen El acceso al agua y al nitrógeno (N) son retos clave en el manejo del cultivo de la papa, que pudieran optimizarse a través del entendimiento de aspectos agronómicos y fisiológicos relacionados. Aquí se analizaron las respuestas al déficit de agua y a dos niveles de nitrógeno (0 y 200 kg N ha −1 ) para rasgos agronómicos y fisiológicos para los genotipos de papa UNICA, Achirana-INTA y CIP397077.16, seleccionados por su período vegetativo corto (90-110 días) y su tolerancia al déficit de agua. La eficiencia en el uso del nitrógeno (NUE) se redujo grandemente en todos los genotipos bajo sequía, aun bajando a cerca de cero. A pesar de esto, el rendimiento de tubérculo y la reducción total de biomasa de cerca del 50 % para todos los genotipos pudo superarse con la aplicación de N. Se encontró que el Índice de la Diferencia Normalizada de Vegetación (NDVI), el contenido de clorofila (SPAD) y la cubierta del follaje (CC), fueron buenos indicadores para la predicción de los déficits de nitrógeno y para detectar agobio temprano por sequía. Sobre todo, cada genotipo tuvo diferentes estrategias para manejar el N y lidiar con el agobio hídrico. UNICA fue el genotipo más eficiente en el uso del N presente en el suelo y en la tolerancia al estrés por sequía, mientras que Achirana-INTA fue el más afectado por sequía en términos de NUE. Con base en los resultados, se sugiere que la máxima eficiencia en el uso de fertilizante se puede obtener con niveles bajos de N aplicados en condiciones de buena hi...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and Physiological Response of Potatoes Indicate Different Strategies to Cope with Drought Stress and Nitrogen Fertilization

et al. 2016

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“…The reported nitrate contamination of groundwater attributed to potato cropping (Levallois et al, 1998) may be the result of nitrate leaching during events outside the cropping growth period in the fall and winter and after snowmelt where soil surface is bare and water is abundant (Peralta and Stockle, 2002;Jiang et al, 2011).…”

Section: Model Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Site-Specific Multilevel Modeling of Potato Response to Nitrogen Fertilization

Parent

Leblanc

Parent

et al. 2017

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Technologies of precision agriculture, digital soil maps, and meteorological stations provide a minimum data set to guide precision farming operations. However, determining optimal nutrient requirements for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crops at subfield scale remains a challenge given specific climatic, edaphic, and managerial conditions. Multilevel modeling can generalize yield response to fertilizer additions using data easily accessible to growers. Our objective was to elaborate a multilevel N fertilizer response model for potato crops using the Mitscherlich equation and a core data set of 93 N fertilizer trials conducted in Québec, Canada. Daily climatic data were collected at 10 × 10 km resolution. Soils were characterized by organic matter content, pH, and texture in the arable layer, and by texture and tools of pedometrics across a gleization-podzolization continuum in subsoil layers. There were five categories of preceding crops and five cultivar maturity orders. The three Mitscherlich parameters (Asymptote, Rate, and Environment) were most often site-specific. Sensitivity analysis showed that optimum N dosage increased with non-leguminous high-residue preceding crops, coarser soils, podzolization, drier climatic condition, and late cultivar maturity. The inferential model could guide site-specific N fertilization using an accessible minimum data set to support fertilization decisions. As decision-support system, the model could also provide a range of optimum N doses across a large spectrum of site-specific conditions including climate change.

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“…High NO 3 concentration (>50 mgNO 3 /L) has been recorded in numerous aquifers all over the world, e.g. in Canada [20] and Portugal [21]. However, in the case of the experimental sites, no significant anthropogenic effect was observed in the NO 3 content and the nitrate concentrations did not exceed the maximum concentrations allowed by EU and WHO in water intended for human consumption and the limit value of good quality of groundwater (50 mgNO 3 /L).…”

Section: B Nitrogen Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Groundwater Chemical Composition in Areas of Crop Production

Fronczyk¹,

Lech²,

Radziemska³

et al. 2016

5th International Conference on Biological, Chemical and Environmental Sciences (BCES-2016) March 24-25, 2016 London (United Ki

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Abstract-The main objective of the research presented in the paper was the monitoring of contaminant indicators in the groundwater in the area of precision cultivation of winter wheat in the northern, southern and central part of Poland. On each of the experimental sites, 6 piezometers were located, from which samples for chemical analysis were taken. The following parameters were determined: pH, electrical conductivity, nitrogen compounds, phosphates, sulphates, and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn).The results obtained revealed that fertilization has impact on the level of phosphorus, which in most of the analyzed samples, according to Polish legal provisions, was characteristic of III Class of groundwater quality (0.5 -1.0 mgPO 4 /L). The concentration of NO 3 was below the highest acceptable concentration of that parameter in drinking water recommended by WHO (50 mg NO 3 /L). Nitrites, copper and lead concentrations did not exceed the maximum limits under Polish legal provisions for water intended for human consumption. In addition, sulphate ions had in most samples a concentration characteristic of III Class of groundwater quality (60 -250 MgSO 4 /L), and in samples collected at the Chociwel site -of IV Class (250 -300 mgSO 4 /L). However, the increased levels of this parameter did not result from fertilization. The study shows that the applied precision nitrogen fertilization could influence the acceptable concentration of nitrates in groundwater, while the inadequacy of the phosphoric fertilizer to the needs of the plants could have resulted in the increased concentrations of phosphate in the analyzed groundwater samples.

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Groundwater contamination by nitrates associated with intensive potato culture in Québec

Cited by 61 publications

References 10 publications

Yield and Physiological Response of Potatoes Indicate Different Strategies to Cope with Drought Stress and Nitrogen Fertilization

Yield and Physiological Response of Potatoes Indicate Different Strategies to Cope with Drought Stress and Nitrogen Fertilization

Site-Specific Multilevel Modeling of Potato Response to Nitrogen Fertilization

Monitoring of Groundwater Chemical Composition in Areas of Crop Production

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