Groundnut water relations

Wright, G. C.; Rao, R. C. Nageswara

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-0733-4_9

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) is grown as an important oilseed, food and cash crop in a wide range of environments between latitudes of 40°N and 40°S. Two‐thirds of the global production occurs in rain‐fed regions of the semi‐arid tropics which are characterized by unpredictable droughts (Wright and Nageswara Rao 1994). In Thailand, peanut is an important cash crop grown mostly in seasonally rain‐fed regions with an average yield of 1.64 t ha −1 (FAO 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorophyll Stability is an Indicator of Drought Tolerance in Peanut

Arunyanark

Jogloy

Akkasaeng

et al. 2008

J Agronomy Crop Science

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167

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Chlorophyll stability during drought might be a promising criterion for selection for drought resistance in peanut. The study describes two field trials conducted at Khon Kaen University, Thailand which investigate genotype × drought interactions in a wide range of peanut germplasm in general and assess the relationship between chlorophyll stability and genotypic performance in particular, under drought. Two field experiments (during 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 dry seasons) were conducted in a split plot design with three water regimes [field capacity, 2/3 available water (AW) and 1/3 AW] as main, and 12 peanut genotypes as subtreatments, replicated four times. Observations on total dry matter (TDM), chlorophyll density (ChlD) (chlorophyll content per unit leaf area), chlorophyll content (chlorophyll content per plant) and SPAD chlorophyll meter readings (SCMR) were recorded at 30, 60 and 90 days after emergence. Transpiration (T) and transpiration efficiency (TE) were computed using the data on amount of water input and TDM. Drought stress significantly reduced TDM, T and chlorophyll content across genotypes but significantly increased TE and ChlD in peanut. However, there were significant differences among genotypes for TE and chlorophyll parameters. The genotype × drought interaction effects for chlorophyll characters (content and density) were not significant suggesting a strong genetic effect. The correlation coefficients between TDM and chlorophyll content (r = 0.51, P = 0.01 to r = 0.91, P = 0.01) and between TE and ChlD (r = 0.46, P = 0.05 to r = 0.77, P = 0.01) were positive and significant. These findings suggest that chlorophyll parameters are strongly linked with drought tolerance in peanut. There were highly significant and positive relationships between ChlD and SCMR (r = 0.67, P = 0.01 to r = 0.93, P = 0.01), between SCMR and TE (r = 0.41, P = 0.05 to r = 0.80, P = 0.01) suggesting that SCMR could be used as a tool for rapid assessment of relative chlorophyll status in peanut genotypes as well as for the indirect selection of drought tolerance in peanut.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorophyll Stability is an Indicator of Drought Tolerance in Peanut

Arunyanark

Jogloy

Akkasaeng

et al. 2008

J Agronomy Crop Science

Self Cite

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Drought is a major factor limiting yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under rain-fed conditions in many countries (Wright et al 1991, Wright and Nageswara Rao 1994, Nuatiyal et al 1999, Awal and Ikeda 2002, Reddy et al 2003. As access to irrigation in these areas is limited, utilization of drought-resistant genotypes is a viable alternative to alleviate the problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Biomass Production and Nitrogen Fixation under Drought‐Stress Conditions in Peanut Genotypes with Different Levels of Drought Resistance

Pimratch

Jogloy

Vorasoot

et al. 2007

J Agronomy Crop Science

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The relationship between biomass production and N2 fixation under drought‐stress conditions in peanut genotypes with different levels of drought resistance is not well understood. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of drought on biomass production and N2 fixation by evaluating the relative values of these two traits under well watered and water‐stress conditions. Twelve peanut genotypes were tested under field conditions in the dry seasons of 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 in north‐east Thailand. A split‐plot design with four replications was used. Main‐plot treatments were three water regimes [field capacity (FC), 2/3 available soil water (AW) and 1/3 AW], and sub‐plot treatments were 12 peanut lines. Data were recorded on biomass production and N2 fixation under well watered and water‐stress conditions. Genotypic variations in biomass production and N2 fixation were found at all water regimes. Biomass production and N2 fixation decreased with increasing levels of drought stress. Genotypes did not significantly differ in reductions for biomass production, but did differ for reductions in N2 fixation. High biomass production under both mild and severe drought‐stress conditions was due largely to high potential biomass production under well‐watered conditions and, to a lesser extent, the ability to maintain high biomass production under drought‐stress conditions. High N2 fixation under drought stress also was due largely to high N2 fixation under well‐watered conditions with significant but lower contributions from the ability to maintain high nitrogen fixation under drought stress. N2 fixation at FC was not correlated with the reduction in N2 fixation at 2/3 AW and 1/3 AW. Positive relationships between N2 fixed and biomass production of the tested peanut genotypes were found at both levels of drought stress, and the relationship was stronger the more severe the drought stress. These results suggested that the ability to maintain high N2 fixation under drought stress could aid peanut genotypes in maintaining high yield under water‐limited conditions.

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“…As bringing more area under assured irrigation seems to be unlikely, currently there is an increasing interest being directed towards breeding of peanut varieties that are capable of yielding well under water‐limited conditions or in other words tolerant to drought. Drought tolerance may be enhanced by improvement in soil water extraction capability (Wright & Nageswara Rao, 1994) or improvements in water‐use efficiency (WUE), or both (Hebbar et al , 1994). Improvement in WUE could potentially lead to increased yields under limited moisture availability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene action for surrogate traits of water‐use efficiency and harvest index in peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

Lal

Krishna

Rathnakumar

et al. 2006

Annals of Applied Biology

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Low peanut productivity in the semi-arid tropics is attributed mainly to drought caused by low and erratic rainfall. Genetic improvement in water-use efficiency (WUE) could potentially lead to improved yield under limited moisture availability. In peanut, WUE is correlated with SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR), specific leaf area (SLA), and carbon isotope discrimination (Á 13 C). These traits can be used as surrogates for selecting for WUE. Partitioning of assimilates as measured by the harvest index (HI) has the greatest effect on pod yield. To improve these traits for tailoring peanut genotypes well matched for water-limited conditions, a good knowledge of genetic systems controlling the expression of these traits is essential. This study was undertaken to work out the gene action for the surrogates of WUE and HI in a 6 Â 6 full diallel mating design. Two of the studied surrogates (SCMR and Á 13 C) for WUE were found to be under the influence of both additive and nonadditive gene effects with preponderance of the former. SLA and HI were controlled by genes that are mainly additive in nature. Selection for these traits can be effective in the early generations. Maternal effects observed for SLA and Á 13 C are suggestive of the crucial role of selection of female parent in improvement of these traits. The parental lines, TMV 2 NLM (for SCMR, SLA and Á 13 C) and ICGV 86031 (for SCMR and SLA), were found to be good general combiners each for more than one character. TAG 24 and Chico (for HI) and CSMG 84-1 (for SLA) were the other good general combiners.

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Groundnut water relations

Cited by 38 publications

References 111 publications

Chlorophyll Stability is an Indicator of Drought Tolerance in Peanut

Chlorophyll Stability is an Indicator of Drought Tolerance in Peanut

Relationship between Biomass Production and Nitrogen Fixation under Drought‐Stress Conditions in Peanut Genotypes with Different Levels of Drought Resistance

Gene action for surrogate traits of water‐use efficiency and harvest index in peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

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