Gene action for surrogate traits of water‐use efficiency and harvest index in peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i>)

Lal, Chuni; Krishna, Hare; Rathnakumar, A. L.; Gor, H. K.; Chikani, B. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2006.00047.x

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…If crop plants are to be productive, the two major requirements are an adequate supply of water (Parry et al , 2005; Lal et al , 2006) and nitrogen (N) (Good et al , 2004; Karungi et al , 2006; Barbanti et al , 2007). Plants are able to take up N in the form of nitrate, ammonium ions and amino acids (Lea & Azevedo, 2006) or obtain it through the symbiotic action of nitrogen‐fixing bacteria (Bogino et al , 2006; Andrews et al , 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen use efficiency. 2. Amino acid metabolism

Lea

Azevedo

2007

Annals of Applied Biology

144

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In a previous article, we highlighted the latest developments in the isolation and characterisation of genes involved in the uptake of nitrogen from the soil, which might be used to improve the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of crop plants. In this article, we have concentrated on the genes controlling the enzymes of amino acid metabolism that may be involved in transferring nitrogen to the protein in the grain. Evidence is now accumulating from the use of knockout mutants, of the role of individual isoenzymes involved in amino acid metabolism, which are encoded by specific genes that are often members of a multigene family. In addition, a significant number of overexpressing plant lines have been obtained, which have increased activities of cytosol located, glutamine synthetase, asparagine synthetase and alanine aminotransferase that appear to have improved NUE. Nitrate reductionFollowing uptake by the root, nitrate may be reduced in the roots or shoots to form ammonia through the

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen use efficiency. 2. Amino acid metabolism

Lea

Azevedo

2007

Annals of Applied Biology

144

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“…More eff ective strategies are needed. Simple traits, such as specifi c leaf area (SLA) and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR), have been proposed as surrogate traits for drought tolerance Nageswara Rao et al, 2001;Sheshshayee et al, 2006;Upadhyaya, 2005;Lal et al, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Heritability of N₂ Fixation Traits, and Phenotypic and Genotypic Correlations between N₂ Fixation Traits with Drought Resistance Traits and Yield in Peanut

et al. 2009

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Drought stress reduces growth and yield in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and also reduces nitrogen fixation (NF). Peanut production in drought prone areas should be enhanced by the development of cultivars that can fix more nitrogen (N) under drought conditions. The aims of this study were to estimate heritability for NF and to estimate phenotypic and genotypic correlations among traits related to NF with drought‐resistance traits and yield under well‐watered and drought conditions. A total of 140 lines in the F4:7 and F4:8 generations derived from four crosses, parental lines, and a non‐nodulating line as a non‐N2‐fixing reference plant were evaluated in the dry seasons 2005/2006 and 2006/2007. These lines were evaluated in rhizobium inoculated soil without N fertilizer under field capacity (FC) and 2/3 available soil water (AW). Data were recorded for specific leaf area (SLA), SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR), nodule number (NN), nodule dry weight (NDW), shoot dry weight (SDW), pod dry weight (PDW), total dry weight (TDW), harvest index (HI), and NF. Broad‐sense heritability (h2b) and narrow‐sense heritability (h2n) estimates for NF under FC and 2/3 AW were in the same ranges (h2b = 0.84 to 0.98 and h2n = 0.29 to 0.39). Positive relationships between NF under FC and 2/3 AW (r = 0.73, P ≤ 0.01) indicated that selection for the lines that fixed high N under well‐watered conditions should produce lines that fixed high N under drought conditions. Selection for NF under drought conditions might be more effective in improving yield because of a higher correlation between NF and PDW (rG = 0.43, P ≤ 0.01) under drought conditions than under FC (rG = 0.13). The use of SCMR and SLA as surrogate traits for NF would be less effective than direct selection because of weak correlations between these traits and NF.

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“…Absorption of nutrients depends, among other factors, on the availability of water (LAL et al, 2006), and for both nitrogen and sulphur contents in soil. Under water deficit conditions, the amount of nutrients absorbed by plants is reduced, which directly affects the morphogenesis of forage grasses and, indirectly, the pasture structural canopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water use efficiency of marandu palisadegrass as affected by nitrogen and sulphur rates

Artur¹,

Garcez²,

Monteiro³

2014

Rev. Ciênc. Agron.

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-This study aimed to evaluate the effects of combination of nitrogen and sulphur fertilizations on water consumption and water use efficiency by marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, using a Typic Quartzipsamment. Five nitrogen rates (0; 100; 200; 300 and 400 mg dm -3 ) were combined with five sulphur rates (0; 10; 20; 30 and 40 mg dm -3 ) in a fractionated 5 2 factorial, with four replications. The leaf area was harvested three times at intervals of approximately 30 days. Soil moisture was maintained at 70% of capacity retention through a self-irrigating system. There was an increase in consumption and water use efficiency by the forage grass due to the supply of nitrogen and sulphur. Nitrogen fertilization increased the consumption and efficiency of water use in the first growth period (35 days after the transplanting of seedlings). Nitrogen and sulphur supply were more effective in increasing water consumption in the third growth period. For water use efficiency this fact was observed in the second and third growth periods of the Marandu palisadegrass.Key words: Marandu palisadegrass. Plants and water. Plants-nitrogen effect. Plants-sulphur effects.RESUMO -Neste estudo objetivou-se avaliar a combinação de doses de nitrogênio e enxofre no consumo e eficiência do uso da água pela Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, utilizando-se um solo classificado como Neossolo Quartzarênico Órtico típico. Cinco doses de nitrogênio (0; 100; 200; 300 e 400 mg dm ) e m um f a tori al 5 2 fracionado, com quatro repetições. A parte aérea do capim foi cortada três vezes em intervalos aproximados de 30 dias. A água do solo foi mantida a 70% da capacidade de retenção por meio de um sistema autoirrigante. Ocorreu aumento no consumo e na eficiência do uso da água pela gramínea forrageira em razão do fornecimento de nitrogênio e enxofre. A adubação com nitrogênio incrementou o consumo e a eficiência no uso da água no primeiro período de crescimento (35 dias após o transplantio das mudas). O fornecimento simultâneo de doses de nitrogênio e enxofre foi mais efetivo no aumento do consumo de água no terceiro período de crescimento. Para a eficiência no uso da água esse efeito foi observado no segundo e terceiro períodos de crescimento do capim-marandu.Palavras-chave: Capim-marandu. Plantas e água. Plantas-efeito do nitrogênio. Plantas-efeito do enxofre.

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Gene action for surrogate traits of water‐use efficiency and harvest index in peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

Nitrogen use efficiency. 2. Amino acid metabolism

Nitrogen use efficiency. 2. Amino acid metabolism

Heritability of N₂ Fixation Traits, and Phenotypic and Genotypic Correlations between N₂ Fixation Traits with Drought Resistance Traits and Yield in Peanut

Water use efficiency of marandu palisadegrass as affected by nitrogen and sulphur rates

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Gene action for surrogate traits of water‐use efficiency and harvest index in peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

Nitrogen use efficiency. 2. Amino acid metabolism

Nitrogen use efficiency. 2. Amino acid metabolism

Heritability of N2 Fixation Traits, and Phenotypic and Genotypic Correlations between N2 Fixation Traits with Drought Resistance Traits and Yield in Peanut

Water use efficiency of marandu palisadegrass as affected by nitrogen and sulphur rates

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Heritability of N₂ Fixation Traits, and Phenotypic and Genotypic Correlations between N₂ Fixation Traits with Drought Resistance Traits and Yield in Peanut