Groundnut Rossette: A Virus Disease Affecting Groundnut Production in Sub-Saharan Africa

Naidu, R. A.; Kimmins, F. M.; Deom, C. M.; Subrahmanyam, P.; Chiyembekeza, A. J.; Merwe, P J A Van der

doi:10.1094/pdis.1999.83.8.700

Cited by 81 publications

(93 citation statements)

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“…Yield loss due to GRD depends on the growth stage at which infection occurs. Seedling stage infection leads to 100% yield loss whilst infection at the pod filling stage causes negligible effects (Naidu et al, 1999a;Waliyar et al, 2007). The disease contributes to an annual loss of US $ 156 million across Africa (Nigam et al, 2012).…”

Section: Author(s) Agree That This Article Remain Permanently Open Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic control of resistance to rosette virus disease in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Amoah¹,

Akromah²,

Asibuo³

et al. 2016

J. Plant Breed. Crop Sci.

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Groundnut rosette disease is one of the most damaging diseases militating against groundnut production in sub-Saharan Africa. The disease cause up to 100% yield loss whenever epidemic occurs. The most effective, economic and environmental friendly method to control the disease is through genetic resistance. Knowledge on inheritance of resistance to the rosette disease is required to accelerate breeding of resistant varieties. A study was conducted to understand the nature and magnitude of gene effect of resistance to the disease. Thus F 1 , RF 1 , F 2 , RF 2 , BC 1 , RBC 1 , BC 2 , and RBC 2 progenies were derived from crosses of Otuhia × Manipintar, Otuhia × Shitaochi, ICGV 01276 × Manipintar, and ICGV 01276 × Shitaochi along with their parents were evaluated in a randomized complete block design at CSIR -CRI, Fumesua, under artificial infection. Generation mean analysis revealed that additive gene action effect was predominant on the resistance to the disease in all the crosses. Additive by dominance was the only form of non-allelic interaction observed to be significant in ICGV 01276 × Manipintar cross. Reciprocal differences suggested the presence of maternal effect involved in the inheritance of resistance to groundnut rosette disease. Estimates of broad and narrow sense heritability indicated that genetic effect was larger than the environmental effects in this study. Disease diagnosis using TAS ELISA revealed the presence of groundnut rosette assistor virus (GRAV) antigens in the resistant samples analyzed. Resistant genotypes containing GRAV were considered to be resistant to the GRV and its Sat-RNA, but not the GRAV which causes no obvious symptoms by itself. Pure line breeding with selection from early generation is suggested for the improvement of resistance to rosette virus disease, because additive genetic effect contributed significantly in controlling the inheritance of resistance to groundnut rosette disease (GRD).

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Section: Author(s) Agree That This Article Remain Permanently Open Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic control of resistance to rosette virus disease in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Amoah¹,

Akromah²,

Asibuo³

et al. 2016

J. Plant Breed. Crop Sci.

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“…Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is cultivated in the semi-arid tropical and sub-tropical regions of approximately 100 countries on six continents between 40°N and 40°S (Naidu et al 1999). In developing regions of Asia, Africa and South America, peanut is the principal source of digestible protein, cooking oil and vitamins (Savage and Keenan 1994) and contributes significantly to food security and alleviating poverty (Smartt 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Groundnut rosette disease causes greater yield loss than any other viral disease affecting peanut in the semi-arid tropics of the world and is the most destructive viral disease of peanut in Africa (Naidu et al 1999). It is assumed to be endemic to peanut-growing regions of SSA and Madagascar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and mapping of AFLP markers linked to peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) resistance to the aphid vector of groundnut rosette disease

et al. 2004

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Groundnut rosette disease is the most destructive viral disease of peanut in Africa and can cause serious yield losses under favourable conditions. The development of disease-resistant cultivars is the most effective control strategy. Resistance to the aphid vector, Aphis craccivora, was identified in the breeding line ICG 12991 and is controlled by a single recessive gene. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis were employed to identify DNA markers linked to aphid resistance and for the development of a partial genetic linkage map. A F(2:3) population was developed from a cross using the aphid-resistant parent ICG 12991. Genotyping was carried out in the F2 generation and phenotyping in the F3 generation. Results were used to assign individual F2 lines as homozygous-resistant, homozygous-susceptible or segregating. A total of 308 AFLP (20 EcoRI+3/MseI+3, 144 MluI+3/MseI+3 and 144 PstI+3/MseI+3) primer combinations were used to identify markers associated with aphid resistance in the F(2:3) population. Twenty putative markers were identified, of which 12 mapped to five linkage groups covering a map distance of 139.4 cM. A single recessive gene was mapped on linkage group 1, 3.9 cM from a marker originating from the susceptible parent, that explained 76.1% of the phenotypic variation for aphid resistance. This study represents the first report on the identification of molecular markers closely linked to aphid resistance to groundnut rosette disease and the construction of the first partial genetic linkage map for cultivated peanut.

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“…It is estimated that groundnut producers in Uganda benefit significantly from HYVs, exhibiting average yield gains of 35% and average per unit cost reductions of around 40% [3]. Given research indicating yield losses from pests and disease, particularly the rosette virus, have exceeded losses from poor soil, drought, and inferior planting material, plant breeders have identified promising groundnut varieties that are high-yielding as well as disease and drought resistant [60][61][62].…”

Section: Groundnut In Ugandamentioning

confidence: 99%

Adoption of High-Yielding Groundnut Varieties: The Sustainability of a Farmer-Led Multiplication-Dissemination Program in Eastern Uganda

et al. 2018

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This study examines the adoption of high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of groundnut by smallholders in eastern Uganda. The primary focus of this work is the analysis of the sustainability of impacts from a regional farmer-led HYV dissemination and multiplication program. Data collected in 2014 is used to determine the lasting impact of the program conducted a decade prior, from 2001 to 2004. The structure of the data, which includes a treatment and 2-part control group, is critical to the identification of project impacts, measured as groundnut land allocation to groundnut HYVs (%). Fractional regression, propensity score matching and instrumental variable techniques are utilized to address potential bias from model specification, selection, and endogeneity. We find that, on average, participating households allocated 21% more of their land in groundnuts to HYVs relative to controls. Diffusion of program benefits through spillover is revealed by statistically significant differences in mean adoption between neighbor and non-neighbor controls, such that benefits are transferred from participants to their neighbors but not to the non-neighbor control group. We also find that, because of seed saving practices, the average yield for HYVs decreased over time to levels below those obtained from landrace varieties. Thus, the program effectively aided in information dissemination and technology transfer within rural communities. However, additional knowledge transfer is critical to the sustainability of food security outcomes among participant farmers.

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Groundnut Rossette: A Virus Disease Affecting Groundnut Production in Sub-Saharan Africa

Cited by 81 publications

References 50 publications

Genetic control of resistance to rosette virus disease in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Genetic control of resistance to rosette virus disease in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Identification and mapping of AFLP markers linked to peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) resistance to the aphid vector of groundnut rosette disease

Adoption of High-Yielding Groundnut Varieties: The Sustainability of a Farmer-Led Multiplication-Dissemination Program in Eastern Uganda

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