Ground-Water pollution and its sources

Zaporozec, Alexander

doi:10.1007/bf02484718

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Potential pollutants may be introduced by either wastewater irrigation, or by percolation of leachates produced by water infiltrating through the refuse disposed in landfills or through soluble solids stored on the land surface (such as highway deicing-salt piles or mine waste piles). Related problems may be generated by agricultural application of manure, fertilizers, and pesticides (Zaporozec 1981).…”

Section: Land-surface Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past decades ground-water reservoirs have been considered more and more for purposes other than water supply such as Tab 1 Classification of possible Uses of Ground-Water Resources the use of deep wells for disposal of foreign fluids, use of aquifer as a heat sink, or use of aquifer as a storage space. Besides that, other legitimate activities within the groundwater reservoir tend to adversely affect the utilization and quality of ground-water: agricultural practices (including irrigation), recreation or urban development, drainage, mining, and waste disposal (Zaporozec 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human interactions with ground-water

Zaporozec

1983

GeoJournal

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Ground-Water could be considered as an immense reservoir, from which only a certain amount of water can be withdrawn without affecting the quantity and quality of water. This amount is determined by the characteristics of the environment in which ground-water occurs and by the interactions of ground-water with precipitation, surface water, and people, it should be recognized that quantity and quality of ground-water are intimately related and should be considered accordingly. Quantity refers to usable water and water is usable for any specific purpose only so long as its quality has not deteriorated beyond acceptable limits. Thus an overall quantitative and qualitative management of ground water is inevitable, and it should also involve the uses of ground-water reservoirs for purposes other than water supply.The main objective of ground-water management is to ensure that ground-water resources will be available in appropriate time and in appropriate quantity and quality to meet the most important demands of our society. Traditional, and obvious uses of ground-water are the extraction of water for water supplies (domestic, municipal, agricultural, and industrial) and the natural discharge feeding lakes and maintaining base flow of streams. Not so obvious are the uses of ground-water reservoirs, the very framework within which ground-water occurs and moves, and in which other fluids or materials can be stored. In the last two decades, groundwater reservoirs have been intensively considered for many other purposes than water supplies. Diversified and very often conflicting uses need to be evaluated and dealt with in the most efficient way in order to determine the importance of each possible use, and to assign priorities of these uses.With rising competition for the use of ground-water reservoirs, we will also need to increase the potential for effective planning of ground-water development and protection. Man's development and use of ground-water necessarily modifies the natural conditions and the total natural system must be successfully blended with the unnatural stresses placed upon it. This can be accomplished by introducing new methods (such as ground-water zoning) in and by developing alternative strategies for ground-water management and protection.

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Section: Land-surface Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human interactions with ground-water

Zaporozec

1983

GeoJournal

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“…Groundwater quality is threatened mainly by human activities, although harmful substances are sometimes introduced by natural processes [11]. Ground water and contaminants can move rapidly through fractures in rocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Suitability for Domestic Use in an Industrial Area of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

Ayanshola¹,

Mandal²,

Bilewu³

et al. 2017

MMC_C

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This study examines the effect of some industrial effluents on the quality of groundwater in shallow wells. Three industries located around Ilorin, central Nigeria were used for the study. Groundwater contamination was evaluated in water samples from six wells. Effluent samples were collected from the outfalls of the study industries and at four locations along a stream that receives effluent from the industries. Both physico-chemical characteristics and heavy metal concentrations were evaluated. The results were compared with the WHO [20] and NIS [21] standards in order to establish its suitability for human consumption. The results revealed that some of wells are contaminated by industrial effluents which renders them unsuitable for human consumption. This follows from the fact that some harmful chemicals were discovered at levels in excess of the WHO permissible values.

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“…Quando essa degradação física, química ou bacteriológica ultrapassa os limites de potabilidade, isto é, tornando-a imprópria para o consumo, diz-se que houve contaminação. Quando a degradação fica abaixo desses limites, diz-se que há poluição (Zaporozec, 1981). De acordo com Matthess (1982), quando a água, em condições naturais, apresenta constituintes excedendo os limites de potabilidade, a contaminação será caracterizada pelo aumento nas concentrações desses elementos específicos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified