Ground penetrating radar investigations for the restoration of historic buildings: the case study of the Collemaggio Basilica (L’Aquila, Italy)

Ranalli, Danilo; Scozzafava, M.; Tallini, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2003.05.001

Cited by 107 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The external layer is made up of white and pink limestone. The average dimensions of the stones are 15-20 cm × 10-15 cm, while their thickness is between 17-20 cm (41,42).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared exploration of the architectural heritage: from passive infrared thermography to <em>hybrid</em> infrared thermography (HIRT) approach

Сфарра¹,

Marcucci²,

Ambrosini³

et al. 2016

Mater. construcc.

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Up to now, infrared thermographic approaches have been considered either passive or active. In the latter case, the heat flux is historically attributed to a non-natural heat source. The use of the sun has recently been incorporated into the active approach thanks to multi-temporal inspections. In this paper, an innovative hybrid thermographic (HIRT) approach is illustrated. It combines both the time component and the solar source to obtain quantitative information such as the defect depth. Thermograms were obtained by inspecting the facade of the Santa Maria Collemaggio church (L'Aquila, Italy), whereas quantitative results related to the sub-superficial discontinuities were obtained thanks to the use of advanced techniques. Experimental results linked to passive approach (i.e., the mosaicking procedure of the thermograms) performed by selecting a set of historic churches are also included in order to explain, when and where, the hybrid procedure should be used. RESUMEN: Exploración infrarroja del patrimonio arquitectónico: de la termografía infrarroja pasiva al enfoque de la termografía infrarroja híbrida (HIRT).Hasta la fecha, los enfoques sobre la termografía infrarroja han sido considerados, o pasivos, o activos. En este último caso, el flujo de calor se obtiene a través de una fuente de calor no natural. El uso de energía solar ha sido recientemente incorporado al enfoque activo gracias a los estudios multitemporales. En este trabajo, se ilustra un enfoque innovador de la termografía híbrida (HIRT). Se combina tanto el componente de tiempo y la fuente de energía solar para recuperar la información cuantitativa así como la profundidad del defecto. Las imágenes térmicas se obtuvieron mediante el análisis de la fachada de la Iglesia de Santa María Collemaggio (L'Aquila, Italia), mientras que los resultados cuantitativos inherentes a las discontinuidades sub-superficiales se obtuvieron gracias al uso de otras técnicas avanzadas. Los resultados experimentales vinculados al enfoque pasivo (es decir, el proceso de mosaico de las imágenes térmicas) derivan de un conjunto de Iglesias antiguas, también incluidas en el estudio, a fin de explicar cuándo y dónde tiene sentido realizar un proceso híbrido.

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“…The external layer is made up of white and pink limestone. The average dimensions of the stones are 15-20 cm × 10-15 cm, while their thickness is between 17-20 cm (41,42).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared exploration of the architectural heritage: from passive infrared thermography to <em>hybrid</em> infrared thermography (HIRT) approach

Сфарра¹,

Marcucci²,

Ambrosini³

et al. 2016

Mater. construcc.

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“…Previous studies have shown the potential of the above techniques to cast light on some important aspects of cultural heritage preservation. GPR has been frequently used for investigating masonry structures (Binda et al, 1998;Maierhofer and Leipold, 2001;Ranalli et al, 2004;Binda et al, 2005;Masini et al, 2010) as well as for characterizing the foundation subsoil and locating archaeological remains, occasionally in conjunction with other geophysical, physical and biological techniques (Cardarelli et al, 2002;Cataldo et al, 2005;Nuzzo et al, 2009). The use of sonic techniques for cultural heritage and civil engineering applications is also well documented (Colla et al, 1997;Binda et al, 2001Binda et al, , 2003a whereas ultrasonic tests are less frequent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of ground-penetrating radar, ultrasonic tests and infrared thermography for the analysis of a precious medieval rose window

et al. 2010

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Abstract. The integration of high-resolution, non-invasive geophysical techniques (such as ground-penetrating radar or GPR) with emerging sensing techniques (acoustics, thermography) can complement limited destructive tests to provide a suitable methodology for a multi-scale assessment of the state of preservation, material and construction components of monuments. This paper presents the results of the application of GPR, infrared thermography (IRT) and ultrasonic tests to the 13th century rose window of Troia Cathedral (Apulia, Italy), affected by widespread decay and instability problems caused by the 1731 earthquake and reactivated by recent seismic activity. This integrated approach provided a wide amount of complementary information at different scales, ranging from the sub-centimetre size of the metallic joints between the various architectural elements, narrow fractures and thin mortar fillings, up to the sub-metre scale of the internal masonry structure of the circular ashlar curb linking the rose window to the façade, which was essential to understand the original building technique and to design an effective restoration strategy.

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“…Other structures, such as masonry arch bridges, were also tested in laboratory and simulated in order to define the crack size range that could be detected with GPR [14] and evaluated in different applications [15,16]. Although applications in flat walls of cultural heritage buildings have been increasing, obtaining good results (e.g., [17]), the study of columns is still a complicated issue because of the geometry of the structures, which is, in many cases, cylindrical. A discussion about the effects of the cylindrical geometry on the radar data was developed by [18], applied to homogeneous columns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Complex Masonry Structures with GPR Compared to Other Non-Destructive Testing Studies

et al. 2014

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Columns are one of the most usual supporting structures in a large number of cultural heritage buildings. However, it is difficult to obtain accurate information about their inner structure. Non-destructive testing (NDT) methodologies are usually applied, but results depend on the complexity of the column. Non-flat external surfaces and unknown and irregular internal materials complicate the interpretation of data. This work presents the study of one column by using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) combined with seismic tomography, under laboratory conditions, in order to obtain the maximum information about the structure. This column belongs to a "Modernista" building from Barcelona (Spain). These columns are built with irregular and fragmented clay bricks and mortar. The internal irregular and complex structure causes complicated 2D images, evidencing the existence of many different targets. However, 3D images provide valuable information about the presence and the state of an internal tube and show, in addition, that the column is made of uneven and broken bricks. GPR images present high correlation with seismic data and endoscopy observation carried out in situ. In conclusion, the final result of the study provides information and 3D images of damaged areas and inner structures. Comparing the different methods to the real structure of the column, the potential and limitations of GPR were evaluated.

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Ground penetrating radar investigations for the restoration of historic buildings: the case study of the Collemaggio Basilica (L’Aquila, Italy)

Cited by 107 publications

References 4 publications

Infrared exploration of the architectural heritage: from passive infrared thermography to <em>hybrid</em> infrared thermography (HIRT) approach

Infrared exploration of the architectural heritage: from passive infrared thermography to <em>hybrid</em> infrared thermography (HIRT) approach

Integration of ground-penetrating radar, ultrasonic tests and infrared thermography for the analysis of a precious medieval rose window

Assessment of Complex Masonry Structures with GPR Compared to Other Non-Destructive Testing Studies

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