Ground Layer Laser Seeing Meter

Cavazzani, Stefano; Rodeghiero, Gabriele; Capraro, Ivan; Ortolani, S.; Barbieri, C.; Zitelli, V.

doi:10.1086/676009

Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific

2014

DOI: 10.1086/676009

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Ground Layer Laser Seeing Meter

Stefano Cavazzani¹,

Gabriele Rodeghiero²,

Ivan Capraro³

et al.

Abstract: ABSTRACT. The seeing calculation and its evolution during the night is a key point for the operation of telescopes and adaptive optics systems. Currently, there are various instruments able to measure the seeing, for example, the DIMM (differential image motion monitor) and the MASS (multi aperture scintillation sensor). This paper describes a new tool for the local ground layer seeing measurement. In particular, we want to derive the Fried parameter r 0 through a laser beam horizontal propagation. This is a n… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

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Use of a drone equipped with microthermal sensors to estimate the quality of the atmosphere for astronomical observation

Quesada‐Moreno,

Martínez‐Ibarra,

Ortiz

2024

Weather

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A drone was used to obtain thermal profiles to estimate atmospheric turbulence for the purposes of astronomical observation. The first 150 metres above ground level were studied in two areas in the south‐east of the Iberian Peninsula. The preliminary results are promising regarding the use of drones as a suitable means of transport for obtaining microthermal measurements. We have also assessed the influence of the planetary boundary layer on the quality of the image for astronomical purposes. In future research, we intend to check these measurements with fixed microthermal sensors installed in meteorological towers.

show abstract

Use of a drone equipped with microthermal sensors to estimate the quality of the atmosphere for astronomical observation

Quesada‐Moreno,

Martínez‐Ibarra,

Ortiz

2024

Weather

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Aerosol–cloud interactions at the four candidate sites of the ANAtOLIA project

Cavazzani

Bertolin²,

Ortolani

et al. 2023

RAS Techniques and Instruments

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ANAtOLIA (Atmospheric monitoring to Assess the availability of Optical Links through the Atmosphere) is a European Space Agency project aimed at selecting sites for optical communication in the atmosphere. The main monitored parameters are cloud cover, aerosol in relation to atmospheric turbulence aimed at monitoring and forecasting the influence of aerosol and cloud cover in reducing optical communication through the atmosphere in selected sites by ESA. In this work, a novel algorithm that uses both the Pearson correlation coefficient and Fourier analysis, is used to assess such influences. Aerosol and cloud cover data are obtained from ground stations and satellite over Calern (France), Catania (Italy), Cebreros (Spain) and Lisbon (Portugal). The novel algorithm provides a preliminary long-, medium- and short-term aerosol-cloud interaction for these four candidate sites, obtaining respectively the variability, the seasonal and hourly trend of the aerosol concentration; the main medium-term periodicities of aerosols as clouds precursors; the short-term correlation between morning-afternoon aerosol concentration. The use of aerosols as a precursor parameter of cloud cover through a Fourier analysis, makes the algorithm versatile and usable for all sites of optical communication and astronomical importance in which optical transparency is a fundamental requirement, and therefore it is a potential tool to be developed to implement forecasting models.

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Study of transient behaviors of wavefront error caused by natural convection for improving mirror seeing

Huang¹,

Wang²,

Xu³

et al. 2023

Opt. Express

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Astronomical seeing parameters calculated based on the Kolmogorov turbulence model cannot fully evaluate the effect of the natural convection (NC) above a solar telescope mirror on the image quality, as the convective air motions and temperature variations of the NC are significantly different from the Kolmogorov turbulence. In this work, a new method based on the transient behaviors and frequency characteristics of NC-related wavefront error (WFE) are investigated in detail and used to evaluate the image quality degradation caused by a heated telescope mirror, aiming to make up for the deficiency of astronomical seeing parameters with the conventional method in evaluating the image quality degradation. Transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and WFE calculations based on discrete sampling and ray segmentation are performed to quantitatively evaluate the transient behaviors of the NC-related WFE. It clearly exhibits apparent oscillatory characteristics, which are coupled by main oscillation with low frequencies and minor oscillation with high frequencies. Moreover, the generation mechanisms of two types of oscillations are studied. The conspicuous oscillation frequencies of the main oscillation caused by heated telescope mirrors with varying dimensions are primarily lower than 1 Hz, suggesting that active optics may be adopted to correct the main oscillation of NC-related WFE while the adaptive optics may correct the minor oscillation. Furthermore, a mathematical relationship between WFE, temperature rise, and mirror diameter is derived, revealing a significant correlation between WFE and mirror diameter. Our work suggests the transient NC-related WFE should be considered as one of the critical supplements to the mirror seeing evaluation.

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Ground Layer Laser Seeing Meter

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Use of a drone equipped with microthermal sensors to estimate the quality of the atmosphere for astronomical observation

Use of a drone equipped with microthermal sensors to estimate the quality of the atmosphere for astronomical observation

Aerosol–cloud interactions at the four candidate sites of the ANAtOLIA project

Study of transient behaviors of wavefront error caused by natural convection for improving mirror seeing

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