Ground Deformation Monitoring in the Greater Cairo Metropolitan Region (Egypt) by SAR Interferometry

Poscolieri, M.; Parcharidis, Issaak; Foumelis, Michael; Rafanelli, C.

doi:10.3383/es.4.3.1

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In recent years, a number of researchers have been interested in measuring land subsidence rates in the Nile Delta region by using radar interferometric techniques [15,19,31,38,39,43]. However, most of those studies were based on inaccurate topographic measurements introducing uncertainties in the resulting subsidence rates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are different methodologies in differential interferometry (e.g., two-pass, three-pass, and four-pass interferometry) and with relatively new advanced algorithms (e.g., the Permanent Scatterers (PS) and the Small BAseline Subset (SBAS)) [9][10][11]. These techniques enable the mapping of subtle vertical surface movements (e.g., due to subsidence) down to millimeters [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Sar Interferometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have recorded the vertical land subsidence velocities of the Nile Delta by using in situ observations [23,26,[28][29][30][31][32] as well as remote sensing techniques [15,19,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Across the northern Delta, about 87 continuous sediment drill cores from the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) of the Smithsonian Institution were used to provide estimates of its subsidence [41].…”

Section: Land Subsidence In the Nile Deltamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minimizing the Residual Topography Effect on Interferograms to Improve DInSAR Results: Estimating Land Subsidence in Port-Said City, Egypt

2017

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Abstract:The accurate detection of land subsidence rates in urban areas is important to identify damage-prone areas and provide decision-makers with useful information. Meanwhile, no precise measurements of land subsidence have been undertaken within the coastal Port-Said City in Egypt to evaluate its hazard in relationship to sea-level rise. In order to address this shortcoming, this work introduces and evaluates a methodology that substantially improves small subsidence rate estimations in an urban setting. Eight ALOS/PALSAR-1 scenes were used to estimate the land subsidence rates in Port-Said City, using the Small BAse line Subset (SBAS) DInSAR technique. A stereo pair of ALOS/PRISM was used to generate an accurate DEM to minimize the residual topography effect on the generated interferograms. A total of 347 well distributed ground control points (GCP) were collected in Port-Said City using the leveling instrument to calibrate the generated DEM. Moreover, the eight PALSAR scenes were co-registered using 50 well-distributed GCPs and used to generate 22 interferogram pairs. These PALSAR interferograms were subsequently filtered and used together with the coherence data to calculate the phase unwrapping. The phase-unwrapped interferogram-pairs were then evaluated to discard four interferograms that were affected by phase jumps and phase ramps. Results confirmed that using an accurate DEM (ALOS/PRISM) was essential for accurately detecting small deformations. The vertical displacement rate during the investigated period (2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) was estimated to be −28 mm. The results further indicate that the northern area of Port-Said City has been subjected to higher land subsidence rates compared to the southern area. Such land subsidence rates might induce significant environmental changes with respect to sea-level rise.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sar Interferometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Land Subsidence In the Nile Deltamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minimizing the Residual Topography Effect on Interferograms to Improve DInSAR Results: Estimating Land Subsidence in Port-Said City, Egypt

2017

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“…Most of the ''engineered'' buildings were designed to bear only vertical loads, and many building constructions have tended to ignore lateral loads and wind loads (Poscolieri et al, 2011). These authors also note that the vast majority of engineered buildings are of reinforced concrete (RC) skeletal structures, but that flat slab RC is also commonly used in multi-storey buildings.…”

Section: Foundations and Problem Soilsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the case of Mokattam (Cairo) where most of Egypt's catastrophic landslide events occur, the main cause seems to be the presence of probable active faults (Poscolieri et al, 2011). The geotechnical aspects of landslide events in the GCR are further discussed as a case study in Section 10.9.…”

Section: Landslidingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban geology of African megacities

Davies

2015

Journal of African Earth Sciences

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Assessing Land Deformation and Sea Encroachment in the Nile Delta: A Radar Interferometric and Inundation Modeling Approach

et al. 2018

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Persistent scatterer interferometric analyses were conducted on a stack of 84 Environmental Satellite's Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar scenes spanning 7 years (2004 to 2010) over the entire Nile Delta of Egypt and surroundings (area: 40,416 km2) to monitor the ongoing spatial and temporal land deformation, identify the factors controlling the deformation, and model the interplay between sea level rise and land subsidence to identify areas and populations threatened by sea encroachment by the end of the 21st century. Findings include the following: (1) general patterns of subsidence (average rate: −2.4 mm/year) in the northern delta, near‐steady to slight subsidence in the southern delta (average rate: 0.4 mm/year), separated by a previously mapped flexure zone (minimum width: 20–40 km) undergoing uplift (average rate: 2.5 mm/year); (2) high subsidence rates (up to −8.9 mm/year) over the north central and northeastern delta (area: ~4,815 km2), possibly due to compaction of recent (<3,500 years old), thick (>5 m) silt and clay‐rich Holocene sediments; (3) high subsidence rates (up to −9.7 mm/year) in areas where the highest groundwater extraction rates were reported in southern delta (Menoufia governorate) and in reclaimed desert land in the western delta (Beheira governorate); (4) high subsidence rates (up to −9.7 mm/year) over onshore gas fields, notably the Abu Madi gas field, where high gas extraction rates have been recorded; and (5) using extracted deformation rates, high‐resolution TanDEM‐X digital elevation model, a eustatic sea level rise of 0.44 m, and applying a bathtub inundation model, an estimated 2,660 km2 in northern delta will be inundated by year 2100.

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Ground Deformation Monitoring in the Greater Cairo Metropolitan Region (Egypt) by SAR Interferometry

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Minimizing the Residual Topography Effect on Interferograms to Improve DInSAR Results: Estimating Land Subsidence in Port-Said City, Egypt

Minimizing the Residual Topography Effect on Interferograms to Improve DInSAR Results: Estimating Land Subsidence in Port-Said City, Egypt

Urban geology of African megacities

Assessing Land Deformation and Sea Encroachment in the Nile Delta: A Radar Interferometric and Inundation Modeling Approach

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