Ground-based measurements with the Geosynchronous Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS) engineering demonstration unit - experiment description and first results

Zhou, Daniel K.; Smith, William L.; Bingham, Gail E.; Huppi, Ronald J.; Revercomb, Henry E.; Zollinger, Lorin; Elwell, John; Larar, Allen M.; Liu, Xu; Tansock, Joseph J.; Reisse, Robert A.; Hooker, R. Brian

doi:10.1117/1.2784288

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Important to note here is the ability of the IASI retrieval to resolve important vertical temperature and moisture structure of the atmosphere. The small deviation of the IASI retrieved upper tropospheric temperature and moisture from the radiosonde observations is validated by independent retrievals using coincident NAST-I aircraft high spectral resolution radiance observations (Zhou et al, 2007).…”

Section: Ultra-spectral Resolution Sounding Conceptmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…These demonstrations served as risk reduction for the next generation Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES), originally planned to fly on the GOES-R series of spacecraft beginning in 2014. The GIFTS Engineering Demonstration Unit (EDU) (Elwell et al, 2006) was completed and tested during 2005 and 2006, ending with a very successful sky measurement experiment (Zhou et al, 2007) that demonstrated the high precision and absolute accuracy of the GIFTS radiance spectra, as well as the GIFTS four-dimensional atmospheric sensing capability. GIFTS now waits for a space flight mission opportunity.…”

Section: Geostationary Satellitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This two orders of magnitude improvement is certain to bring revolutionary improvements in the environmental observation and forecast applications of geostationary satellite sounding observations. Environmental measurement tests of the GIFTS were conducted during September 2006 (Zhou et al, 2007). As illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: The Geostationary Fourier Transform Spectrometer (Gifts)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technical Note: Evolution, current capabilities, and future advance in satellite nadir viewing ultra-spectral IR sounding of the lower atmosphere

Smith

Revercomb

Bingham³

et al. 2009

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Infrared ultra-spectral spectrometers have brought in a new era in satellite remote atmospheric sounding capability. During the 1970s, after the implementation of the first satellite sounding instruments, it became evident that much higher vertical resolution sounding information was needed to be able to forecast life and property threatening localized severe weather. The demonstration of the ultra-spectral radiance measurement technology required to achieve higher vertical resolution began in 1985, with the aircraft flights of the High resolution Interferometer Sounder (HIS) instrument. The development of satellite instruments designed to have a HIS-like measurement capability was initiated in the late 1980's. Today, after more than a decade of development time, the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) are now operating successfully from the Aqua and MetOp polar orbiting satellites. The successful development and ground demonstration of the Geostationary Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS), during this decade, is now paving the way toward the implementation of the ultraspectral sounding capability on the international system of geostationary environmental satellites. This note reviews the evolution of the satellite ultra-spectral sounding systems, shows examples of current polar satellite sounding capability, and discusses future advances planned for geostationary orbit.

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Section: Ultra-spectral Resolution Sounding Conceptmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Geostationary Satellitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Geostationary Fourier Transform Spectrometer (Gifts)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technical Note: Evolution, current capabilities, and future advance in satellite nadir viewing ultra-spectral IR sounding of the lower atmosphere

Smith

Revercomb

Bingham³

et al. 2009

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Section: Performance Testing and Demonstrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

STORM: sounding and tracking observatory for regional meteorology to launch in 2016

Bingham¹,

Jensen

Elwell

et al. 2013

SPIE Proceedings

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Ultra-spectral sounders (USS) in low earth orbit have significantly improved weather forecast accuracy in recent years, and their impact could be significantly improved with reduced revisit times. The GeoMetWatch, Inc. 1 Sounding and Tracking Observatory for Regional Meteorology ( STORMTM ) program is designed to place a constellation of six USS units in spaced geostationary (GEO) positions around the earth. From GEO, the repeat time for a specific weather feature can be reduced to minutes, and the vertical temperature, water vapor and wind profiles can provide detailed warnings not available by any other means.The STORM TM sensor, a derivative of the Geosynchronous Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS) EDU that was designed and built for NASA by Utah State University (USU) and rigorously tested in 2006, will be launched on a commercial geostationary satellite in late 2016. It combines advanced technologies to provide improved performance and reliability over the original EDU. From GEO the USS can observe surface thermal properties and atmospheric weather and chemistry variables in four dimensions. This paper provides an overview of the STORM TM instrument and the measurement concept. STORM TM 's USS will provide data of the same quality as the current LEO satellite sounders (AIRS, CrIS, and IASI) but with the ability to track storm development with soundings and images at any desired rate. Wind profiles obtained from a time sequence of STORM TM water vapor retrieval images will provide additional input to now casting and regional models.

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“…Three sets of external measurements were made: a moon tracking experiment, a six hour series of uplooking atmospheric soundings, and a horizontal mountain scene measurement. 13 The Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer 14 (AERI) instrument was designed and fabricated by the University of Wisconsin Space Science and Engineering Center (UW-SSEC) for the Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program as an up-looking radiance reference. Spectra collected by the individual GIFTS pixels and AERI instrument were identical 6 to within the instrument noise level (see Figure 10).…”

Section: Performance Testing and Demonstrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapidly updated hyperspectral sounding and imaging data for severe storm prediction

Bingham¹,

Jensen

Elwell

et al. 2013

SPIE Proceedings

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Several studies have shown that a geostationary hyperspectral imager/sounder can provide the most significant value increase in short term, regional numerical prediction weather models over a range of other options. In 1998, the Geostationary Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS) proposal was selected by NASA as the New Millennium Earth Observation 3 program over several other geostationary instrument development proposals. After the EO3 GIFTS flight demonstration program was changed to an Engineering Development Unit (EDU) due to funding limitations by one of the partners, the EDU was subjected to flight-like thermal vacuum calibration and testing and successfully validated the breakthrough technologies needed to make a successful observatory. After several government stops and starts, only EUMETSAT's Meteosat Third Generation (MTG-S) sounder is in operational development.Recently, a commercial partnership has been formed to fill the significant data gap. AsiaSat has partnered with GeoMetWatch (GMW) 1 to fund the development and launch of the Sounding and Tracking Observatory for Regional Meteorology (STORM TM ) sensor, a derivative of the Geosynchronous Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS) EDU that was designed, built, and tested by Utah State University (USU). STORM TM combines advanced technologies to observe surface thermal properties, atmospheric weather, and chemistry variables in four dimensions to provide high vertical resolution temperature and moisture sounding information, with the fourth dimension (time) provided by the geosynchronous satellite platform ability to measure a location as often as desired. STORM TM will enhance the polar orbiting imaging and sounding measurements by providing: (1) a direct measure of moisture flux and altitude-resolved water vapor and cloud tracer winds throughout the troposphere, (2) an observation of the time varying atmospheric thermodynamics associated with storm system development, and (3) the transport of tropospheric pollutant gases.The AsiaSat/GMW partnership will host the first STORM TM sensor on their AsiaSat 9 telecommunications satellite at 122 E over the Asia Pacific area. GMW's business plan is to sell the unique STORM data and data products to countries and companies in the satellite coverage area. GMW plans to place 6 STORM TM sensors on geostationary telecommunications satellites to provide global hyperspectral sounding and imaging data. Utah State University's Advanced Weather Systems Laboratory (AWS) will build the sensors for GMW.

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Ground-based measurements with the Geosynchronous Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GIFTS) engineering demonstration unit - experiment description and first results

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Technical Note: Evolution, current capabilities, and future advance in satellite nadir viewing ultra-spectral IR sounding of the lower atmosphere

Technical Note: Evolution, current capabilities, and future advance in satellite nadir viewing ultra-spectral IR sounding of the lower atmosphere

STORM: sounding and tracking observatory for regional meteorology to launch in 2016

Rapidly updated hyperspectral sounding and imaging data for severe storm prediction

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