Ground and Surface Water Interaction, Watershed Management, and Monitoring

Job, Charles; Simons, John J.

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6592.1996.tb00139.x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…for assessing pollutant mobility. Ground water can carry significant loads of non-point-source pollutants (e.g., pesticides and nutrients) to streams (Squillace et al, 1993;Bohlke and Denver, 1995;Job and Simons, 1996). Industrial point sources can also contaminate alluvial aquifers or discharge directly to rivers or tributaries (Winter et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, contaminants can be naturally attenuated in riparian or hyporheic zones if residence times are sufficiently long and geochemical conditions are suitable (Lowrance, 1992;Bohlke and Denver, 1995;Lorah et al, 1997). Concerns about water quality in alluvial aquifers and the impacts of ground-water contaminants on surface-water ecosystems are motivating researchers and regulators to examine contaminant fluxes from an integrated (watershed) perspective (Job and Simons, 1996;Ward, 1996;Winter et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and Temporal Variability in Seepage Between a Contaminated Aquifer and Tributaries to the Ohio River

Fryar¹,

Wallin²,

Brown³

2000

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

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Although ground water discharge‐can limit plume migration and transfer contaminants to streams, interactions among ground water, rivers, and tributaries in contaminated watersheds have received relatively little attention. We used multiple methods to delineate seepage along Little Bayou and Bayou Creeks, tributaries to the Ohio River in McCracken County, Kentucky, from July 1996 through July 1998. The Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PGDP) lies between the creeks. Trichloroethene (TCE) and technetium‐99 plumes within the underlying Regional Gravel Aquifer (RGA) extend several kilometers from PGDP toward the river. Both creeks tend to gain flow where they are incised into the RGA or contiguous strata in the Ohio flood plain. Bayou Creek also gains flow upstream of PGDP; other reaches of both creeks tend to lose flow. Local storms, river floods, and seasonal dry periods caused temporary changes in seepage rates and reversals in hydraulic gradients. Gaining conditions were indicated by seeps, springs, and boils, by upward hydraulic gradients from bank wells and bed piezometers to the stream, and by mixing models using chloride and oxygen‐18. Mixing models and downward hydraulic gradients from the stream to wells indicated losing conditions. Annual ranges of stream, bed, and bank temperatures tended to be narrower, bed and bank temperatures in summer and early autumn tended to be cooler, and maximum values of specific discharge measured by seepage meters were greater along gaining than along losing reaches. Estimates of specific discharge from stream gauging and one‐dimensional flow‐modeling did not conclusively identify losing and gaining reaches, but absolute values of those estimates fell within the range of seepage‐meter measurements. Contaminants discharging to Little Bayou Creek were diluted downstream by uncontaminated ground water. Volatilization, biodegradation, or sorption probably removed TCE from stream water. These results indicate that discharge to tributaries can limit seepage of contaminants to rivers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Variability in Seepage Between a Contaminated Aquifer and Tributaries to the Ohio River

Fryar¹,

Wallin²,

Brown³

2000

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

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“…This information is needed to improve management of watersheds and our nation's groundwater and surface water (Job and Simons 1996). However, a major obstacle in providing more detailed information on groundwater/surface water interactions is that installation of monitoring and sampling devices in many rivers is still problematic .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redd Site Selection and Spawning Habitat Use by Fall Chinook Salmon, Hanford Reach, Columbia River : Final Report 1995 - 1998.

Geist¹

1999

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ii iii ABSTRACT This report summarizes results of research activities conducted from 1995 through 1998 on identifying the spawning habitat requirements of fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River. The project investigated whether traditional spawning habitat models could be improved in order to make better predictions of available habitat for fall chinook salmon in the Snake River.Results suggest models could be improved if they used spawning area-specific, rather than river-specific, spawning characteristics; incorporated hyporheic discharge measurements; and gave further consideration to the geomorphic features that are present in the unconstrained segments of large alluvial rivers. Ultimately the recovery of endangered fall chinook salmon will depend on how well we are able to recreate the characteristics once common in alluvial floodplains of large rivers. The results from this research can be used to better define the relationship between these physical habitat characteristics and fall chinook salmon spawning site selection, and provide more efficient use of limited recovery resources.This report is divided into four chapters which were presented in the author's doctoral dissertation which he completed through the Department of Fisheries and Wildlife at Oregon State University. Each of the chapters has been published in peer reviewed journals or is currently under review. Chapter one is a conceptual spawning habitat model that describes how geomorphic features of river channels create hydraulic processes, including hyporheic flows, that influence where salmon spawn in unconstrained reaches of large mainstem alluvial rivers.Chapter two describes the comparison of the physical factors associated with fall chinook salmon redd clusters located at two sites within the Reach. Spatial point pattern analysis of redds showed that redd clusters averaged approximately 10 hectares in area and their locations were consistent from year to year. The tendency to spawn in clusters suggests fall chinook salmon's use of spawning habitat is highly selective.Hydraulic characteristics of the redd clusters were significantly different than the iv habitat surrounding them. Velocity and lateral slope of the river bottom were the most important habitat variables in predicting redd site selection. While these variables explained a large proportion of the variance in redd site selection (86 to 96%), some unmeasured factors still accounted for a small percentage of actual spawning site selection.Chapter three describes the results from an investigation into the hyporheic characteristics of the two spawning areas studied in chapter two. This investigation showed that the magnitude and chemical characteristics of hyporheic discharge were different between and within two spawning areas. Apparently, fall chinook salmon used chemical and physical cues from the discharge to locate spawning areas.Finally, chapter four describes a unique method that was developed to install piezometers into the ...

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Effective Implementation of the Watershed Management Approach for Adjudicated Ground Water Basins in California

Odermatt

1997

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

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Ground and Surface Water Interaction, Watershed Management, and Monitoring

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Spatial and Temporal Variability in Seepage Between a Contaminated Aquifer and Tributaries to the Ohio River

Spatial and Temporal Variability in Seepage Between a Contaminated Aquifer and Tributaries to the Ohio River

Redd Site Selection and Spawning Habitat Use by Fall Chinook Salmon, Hanford Reach, Columbia River : Final Report 1995 - 1998.

Effective Implementation of the Watershed Management Approach for Adjudicated Ground Water Basins in California

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