Ground and Surface Water Developmental Toxicity at a Municipal Landfill: Description and Weather-Related Variation

Options for the Treatment and Management of Municipal Landfill Leachate: Common and Specific Issues

“…Some substances would be degraded in a short time, while others are less acquiescent to microbial degradation and tend to remain in old leachates [9,10]. Variation in leachate composition have been described, being also demonstrated that weather parameters could influence toxicity of surface waters at the landfill site and the leachate problem accompanies a landfill from its beginning to many decades after closure [2,15,23,35].…”

“…From a model input perspective for soil to groundwater transport pathway, at least the following parameters are relevant for purposes of evaluating the fate and transport of contaminants from landfills, evaluation of risk and the development of potential remedial alternatives [13,15,17]: Source concentration; Total soil porosity; Figure 2. Mechanisms of contaminants migration form leachate into soils and groundwater [37][38][39].…”

Developmental Effects of Ambient UV-B Light and Landfill Leachate in Rana blairi and Hyla chrysoscelis

“…Groundwater samples downgradient from the land"ll were highly toxic, with toxicity diminishing as distance from the land"ll increased. It was concluded that the toxicity was due to a leachate plume exuding from the land"ll (Bruner et al, 1998). This conclusion was further supported by an electromagnetic survey conducted by the USGS that assessed the apparent conductivity of the alluvium (Lucius and Bisdorf, 1995).…”

“…Thirty-"ve volatile compounds were identi"ed in water samples taken in September, 1993, by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (EPA Method 8240) (Scott Christenson, USGS, personal communication; Bruner et al, 1998). Many of these chemicals are known carcinogens and xenobiotics.…”

“…Surface water samples were also analyzed using FE-TAX and the analysis indicated they had elevated toxicity. Taking these samples from the same locations multiple times over the course of a year allowed correlation of temporal changes in toxicity to changes in weather conditions (Bruner et al, 1998). Weather data were collected by an automated Mesonet weather station installed at the land"ll site (Crawford et al, 1992).…”