Gross intestinal morphometry and allometry in Carnivora

McGrosky, Amanda; Navarrete, Ana F.; Isler, Karin; Langer, Peter; Clauss, Marcus

doi:10.1007/s10344-016-1011-3

Cited by 28 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The digestive system of these animals has attracted considerable attention in terms of the eating scale and many studies have been conducted in this regard. This studies were carried out related with the digestive system of canidae family such as immunohistochemistry of digestive system in Canis lupus and Canis familiaris (Chen & Zhang, ), gastrointestinal physiology of canine (Oswald, Sharkeyi, Pade, & Martinez, ), morphometry and alometry of carnivor intestines (McGrosky, Navarrete, Isler, Langer, & Clauss, ). Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used in these studies related with digestive systems (Bernardes, Coelho, Carreira, Teixeira, & O'Neill, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light and scanning electron microscopic study of lingual papillae in the wolf (Canis lupus)

Haligür

Alan

2018

Microscopy Res & Technique

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In this study, it was aimed to perform light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigation of the tongue and papilla belonging to two wolves. Light microscopy and SEM images of tongues were taken. It was observed that papillae filiformes concentrated in apex of these investigated tongues. In addition to, these papillae were observed in the whole tongues. It was also determined that papillae fungiformes were distributed rarely in between papillae filiformes. Papillae foliatae were placed in the lateral side of tongues. There were two papillae vallatae in the median part of tongues. Papillae vallatae was determined in radix linguae. It was observed that papillae vallatae formed circular extensions in many different dimensions and a hole was present in a circular structure in the center. Papillae conicae were seen on dorsal surface of radix linguae. Papillae foliatae were seen four laminal structure and placed on the each lateral side of tongues. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that presents of light microscopy and SEM findings related with the tongues of wolves.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light and scanning electron microscopic study of lingual papillae in the wolf (Canis lupus)

Haligür

Alan

2018

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…Therefore, a “correction” that simply divides length by mass evidently leads to the spurious finding that larger animals have “shorter mass‐specific intestine lengths” (e.g., Staaland et al, ). Why intestinal length does not scale geometrically with BM 0.33 but instead at a slightly higher exponent—also evident in a general mammal dataset (Lavin et al, ) and in the order Carnivora (McGrosky et al, )—remains to be explained fully. In their detailed analysis, Woodall and Skinner () showed that intestinal surface area scaled in a geometric (or metabolic) fashion (BM 0.67–0.75 ) as expected (and as also show by other authors, e.g., Martin, Chivers, MacLarnon, and Hladik (); Snipes and Kriete ()).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Based on the general geometric relationship between a length and a volume measure, one would expect intestinal lengths to scale approximately with BM to the power of 0.33. However, several other data compilations—on ruminants as mentioned above (Woodall & Skinner, ), on mammals in general (Lavin, Karasov, Ives, Middleton, & Garland, ) and on mammalian carnivorans (McGrosky, Navarrete, Isler, Langer, & Clauss, )—unexpectedly yielded higher exponents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Additional data were taken from the literature, but only if the original BM of the specimens were reported together with the length measurements; this led to the exclusion of many published intestine length measurements. Some additional data were taken from photographic documentation of intestinal tracts taken for a different study (Navarrete, van Schaik, & Isler, ), which were measured based on scaled photographs as described previously for carnivores (McGrosky et al, ). The only intestinal sections that were consistently measured were the small intestine (from its beginning at the abomasum to its entry into the caecocolic junction), the caecum (from the entry of the small intestine to the tip of the caecum), the colon and the rectum (from the entry of the small intestine to end of the intestinal tract), with the sum of the latter two measures representing the total large intestine length and the sum of all measures representing the total intestine length.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gross intestinal morphometry and allometry in ruminants

McGrosky

Codron

Müller

et al. 2019

Journal of Morphology

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While some descriptions of ruminants' dietary adaptations suggest that the length of the intestinal tract reflects the proportion of grass or browse in the diet, this assumption has been questioned. We collated data on body mass (BM), as well as small intestine, caecum, colon/rectum, large and total intestine length in 68 ruminant species, and, while accounting for the phylogenetic structure of the dataset, evaluated both allometric scaling and the potential influence of diet, digestive physiology or climate proxies on measures of intestine length. Intestinal length generally scaled to BM at an exponent higher than the 0.33 expected due to geometry. Diet or digestive physiology proxies did not have an influence on any intestinal length measures, though some proxies indicating more arid natural habitats were positively correlated with measures of the large intestine. The relative size of a forestomach compartment, the omasum, was negatively correlated with intestine length. The results indicate that intestine length measures provide little indication of feeding type or digestive physiology, but rather indicate adaptations to aridity. Higher-than-geometry scaling of intestinal length may be related to the necessity of maintaining geometric (or metabolic) scaling of intestinal surface area while keeping gut diameter, and hence the diffusion distances, small. The way in which space trade-offs determine the macroanatomy of different organs in the abdominal cavity, such as the omasum and the intestine, deserves further investigation. K E Y W O R D S digestion, feeding type, fluid throughput, omasum, ruminant

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“…Both species displayed moderate to strong positive relationships for the correlations of colic length, BSA and LSA against body weight. In a study focusing on various carnivorous species, it was found that the length of the large intestine and cecum had positive relationships with body weight, McGrosky, Navarrete, Isler, Langer, and Clauss (), however, did not include volume or surface area. It has been suggested by Parra (1978) and Demment and Van Soest (1985) that the volume of the gastrointestinal tract increases with body weight and as such larger animals have higher fermentation capacities (Steuer et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative gastrointestinal morphology of Tachyoryctes splendens (Rüppell, 1835) and Heliophobius emini, (Noack, 1894) two species of East African mole‐rats

Sahd

Pereira

Bennett

et al. 2017

Journal of Morphology

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Tachyoryctes splendens (Northeast African mole-rat) and Heliophobius emini (Emin's mole-rat) are two African mole-rats that represent separate allopatric rodent families namely Spalacidae and Bathyergidae respectively. While these species consume a similar diet of underground plant storage organs such as roots and tubers, T. splendens has been reported to additionally consume small amounts of aerial foliage. This study aims to provide detailed gross morphological and histological morphometric analyses of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of these two subterranean species. The formalin fixed gastrointestinal tracts of T. splendens (n = 9) and H. emini (n = 6) were photographed, weighed and measured. The length and basal surface areas were calculated for each anatomically distinct region. Representative histological samples were prepared and stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin. Microscopic luminal measurements were used to calculate a surface enlargement factor and the luminal surface area of each region. Tachyoryctes splendens had a large double chambered hemi-glandular stomach with a macroscopically visible transition from keratinized stratified squamous epithelium to glandular epithelium. The cecum was large and the luminal surface revealed a single spiral fold. The ascending colon of T. splendens was arranged in a spiral, with two centripetal and two centrifugal windings. The descending colon was arranged in a single parallel loop, similar to H. emini. A narrow colonic groove was accompanied by V-shaped folds on either side. Heliophobius emini had a simple glandular stomach, a large, haustrated cecum that displayed a cecal appendix and the descending colon was arranged in a single parallel loop. The internal aspect of the colon revealed a wide colonic groove extending from the ceco-colic junction to distal colon. As both species originate from a similar geographical region and ingest very similar diets, it is likely that the differences in the GIT morphology are attributed to phylogeny as the species represent two different families of mole-rats.

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Gross intestinal morphometry and allometry in Carnivora

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Light and scanning electron microscopic study of lingual papillae in the wolf (Canis lupus)

Light and scanning electron microscopic study of lingual papillae in the wolf (Canis lupus)

Gross intestinal morphometry and allometry in ruminants

Comparative gastrointestinal morphology of Tachyoryctes splendens (Rüppell, 1835) and Heliophobius emini, (Noack, 1894) two species of East African mole‐rats

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