Grip Form and Graphomotor Control in Preschool Children

Abstract

Therapists are recommended to use Schneck and Henderson's 10-grip scale only for documenting the persons' grips and changes in their grips, but if comparisons between individual persons are desired, then Schneck's five-level scale, which affords greater generalizability, should be used. Further, children with graphomotor performance deficits are not likely to benefit from grip manipulations because such strategies were shown to make better only performance that is already good.

Quelle place est accordée à la composante graphomotrice de l’écriture dans les classes au début du primaire? Enquête auprès d’enseignants québécois

“…De cette façon, la mémoire de travail sera libérée et permettra à l'enfant de se centrer sur des tâches plus complexes de production de texte, telles que la planification et l'organisation des idées (Graham et al, 1997). (Benbow, 2006;Burton et Dancisak, 2000;Graham et Weintraub, 1996;Schwellnus, Carnahan, Kushki, Polatajko, Missiuna, et Chau, 2012;Ziviani et Wallen, 2006 …”

Using the Minnesota Handwriting Assessment and Handwriting Checklist in Screening First and Second Graders' Handwriting Legibility

“…The burden of attending to letter formation, size, line regard (alignment), and spacing does not allow the student to use his or her higher level skills for work that clearly displays his or her knowledge of the subject (Amundson, 2005;Berninger et al, 1997;Edwards, 2003;Graham et al, 2000). The literature also focuses largely on a component and/or developmental model of grasp development (Berry, 1997;Burton & Dancisak, 2000;Koziatek & Powell, 2003;Schoen, 2001;Summers, 2001;Windsor, 2000;Yakimishyn & Magill-Evans, 2000). Additionally, other factors important to occupational therapists are motor planning (Lazlo & Broderick, 1991;Tseung & Murray, 1994) and ergonomics (Rosenblum, Goldstand & Parush, 2006;Tseung & Chermak, 1993).…”

“…Types of grasp patterns may not significantly affect the accuracy of the graphical motor control or indicate fine motor deficits (Burton & Dancisak, 2000;Ziviani & Wallen, 2006). Maeland (1992) concluded that poor manual dexterity and poor writing are not always accompanied by lack of skill in other fine motor areas.…”

Quantification of handwriting performance: Development of a force acquisition pen for measuring hand-grip and pen tip forces

“…People with one or more deficiencies in these functions are said to have dysgraphia. Numerous methods have been proposed for the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of handwriting performance [4,5,7,9,14,15,27,35,36,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. Teachers and parents are mainly concerned with the legibility or quality of writing.…”

“…Handwriting difficulties can seriously affect school, occupational work, and leisure activities [1][2][3]. Numerous studies have investigated handwriting performance in terms of legibility, the relationship between perceptual-motor skills and handwriting ability, and the quality of handwriting products [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The effects of ergonomic or biomechanical factors on performance have also been examined.…”