Greywater treatment using an oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor: Formation of dynamic multifunctional biofilm for organics and nitrogen removal

Zhou, Yun; Li, Ran; Guo, Bing; Zhang, Lei; Zou, Xin; Xia, Siqing

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2019.123989

Cited by 61 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Suspended solids concentrations (TSS and VSS) were measured according to the standard method [29]. The LAS concentrations were determined by the methylene blue spectrophotometric method [30,31]. To evaluate the statistical difference between results from different experimental conditions, we used the student's t-test was to test the null (no difference) hypothesis of quality at a 95% confidence level.…”

Section: Analytical Methods and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Microbial Electrolysis Cell and Activated Carbon Biofilter for Source-Separated Greywater Treatment

2021

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Reclamation and reuse of wastewater are increasingly viewed as a pragmatic tool for water conservation. Greywater, which includes water from baths, washing machines, dishwashers, and kitchen sinks, is a dilute wastewater stream, making it an attractive stream for extraction of non-potable water. However, most previous studies primarily focused on passively aerated biological and physicochemical treatment processes for greywater treatment. Here, we investigated an integrated process of a microbial electrochemical cell (MEC) followed by granular activated carbon (GAC) biofilter for greywater treatment. The integrated system could achieve 99.3% removal of total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) and 98.7% removal of the anionic surfactants (linear alkylbenzene sulphonates) from synthetic greywater at a total hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 25 h (1 day for MEC and 1 h for GAC biofilter). For one-day HRT, the maximum peak volumetric current density from MEC was 0.65 A/m3, which was comparable to that achieved at four-day HRT (0.66 A/m3). The adsorption by GAC was identified as a key mechanism for the removal of organics and surfactants. In addition, recirculation of liquid within the GAC biofilter was identified as a critical factor in achieving high-rate treatment. Although results indicated that GAC biofilter could be a standalone process for greywater, MEC can provide an opportunity for potential energy recovery from greywater. However, further studies should focus on developing high-rate MECs with higher energy recovery potential for practical operation.

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Section: Analytical Methods and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Microbial Electrolysis Cell and Activated Carbon Biofilter for Source-Separated Greywater Treatment

2021

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“…Moreover, biofilms at the top and stratification of the reactor contained more colorful microbial species including aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic microorganisms due to the relatively high DO concentrations; but the anaerobic bacteria containing Desulfovibrionales, Rhodospirillales and Oceanospirillales 25,26 were predominant in the biofilms at the bottom of the reactor in Phases II and III. Results further indicated that DO concentration would significantly affects the succession of microbial community structure in the BhGAC-DBfR; high DO favors the formation of multifarious genes in the aerobic-anoxic-anaerobic biofilm at the top of the reactor 12,27 , low DO favors the formation of anaerobic biofilm 21 and led to the relatively less abundant microbial communities at the bottom of the reactor.…”

Section: Microbial Community Successionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…that favored the formation of denitrification related bacteria 12,29 . The potential enzymes functional for ON (minor extracellular protease, D-amino-acid oxidase, glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(p)+), L-serine dehydratase, deoxyribonuclease Ⅰ, and urease) 30,31 and ammonia metabolism (glutamate dehydrogenases, ammonia monooxygenase (AMO), nitrite oxidoreductase (NXR) and hydroxylamine oxidase) 28,32 mirrored the dynamics of those for LAS metabolisms.…”

Section: Microbial Community Successionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the oxygen based membrane biofilm reactor (O 2 -MBfR) was applied for GW treatment, which completely avoids foaming formation and achieves extremely high O 2 transfer rate, as well as enables the efficient removal of both organics and nitrogen 11,12 . However, pressurized O 2 transfer determines the high GW treatment cost in the O 2 -MBfR; long-term operation of the system requires regular leakage detection and replacement of membrane module, as well as the ventilation and drainage for membrane anti-blocking, all of which increase the system maintenance cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bio-enhanced Granular-Activated Carbon Dynamic Biofilm Reactor for Greywater Treatment: Biofilm Growth, Performance and Mechanisms

Zhou

Wang

Yang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The potential of source-diverted greywater (GW) reuse mainly rely on the efficiency and cost of GW treatment technology. Oxygen (O2) supply and utilization rate directly determines the energy consumption and pollutants removal rate in the biological GW treatment. This study developed an effective, gravity flow self-supplying O2 and easy-to-maintain bio-enhanced granular-activated carbon dynamic biofilm reactor (BhGAC-DBfR) for on-site GW treatment. Results showed that increasing of saturated/unsaturated ratio led to the continuous growth of biomass on GAC surface. Division of saturated and unsaturated zones favors the formation of aerobic-anoxic-anaerobic biofilm in the reactor. A saturated/unsaturated ratio of 1:1.1 achieved the maximum removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD), linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS), ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen at 98.3, 99.4, 99.8 and 83.5%, respectively. Key is that adsorption and biodegradation play important and distinct roles in the quick uptake and continuous removal of both organics and N in the system. The related genus and enzymes functional for LAS mineralization, deamination of organic N, ammonium oxidation, and nitrate respiration enabled the efficient and simultaneous removal of organics and N in the BhGAC-DBfR. This study offers a promising engineering alternative technology with great potential to achieve efficient and low-energy-input GW treatment.

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“…Increased methane production potential and COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal efficiency using anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) for sewer mining may be studied to optimize the environmental performance of sustainable community-based systems [50], however, upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) technology may have a better environmental performance, due to the associated environmental impacts of AnMBR membrane fouling [51]. Various other technologies based on circular economy thinking may be modelled to further improve the environmental performance of sanitation options, such as nutrient recovery [52,53], biogas production from urban organic waste [54,55] and blackwater [17,[56][57][58], and water reuse from source-diverted greywater [59].…”

Section: Other Resource Recovery and Future Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment of Community-Based Sewer Mining: Integrated Heat Recovery and Fit-For-Purpose Water Reuse

et al. 2020

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Municipal sewage contains significant embedded resources in the form of chemical and thermal energy. Recent developments in sustainable technology have pushed for the integration of resource recovery from household wastewater to achieve net zero energy consumption and carbon-neutral communities. Sewage heat recovery and fit-for-purpose water reuse are options to optimize the resource recovery potential of municipal wastewater. This study presents a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) focused on global warming potential (GWP), eutrophication potential (EUP), and human health carcinogenic potential (HHCP) of an integrated sewage heat recovery and water reuse system for a hypothetical community of 30,000 people. Conventional space and water heating components generally demonstrated the highest GWP contribution between the different system components evaluated. Sewage-heat-recovery-based district heating offered better environmental performance overall. Lower impact contributions were demonstrated by scenarios with a membrane bioreactor (MBR) and chlorination prior to water reuse applications compared to scenarios that use more traditional water and wastewater treatment technologies and discharge. The LCA findings show that integrating MBR wastewater treatment and water reuse into a district heating schema could provide additional environmental savings at a community scale.

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Greywater treatment using an oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor: Formation of dynamic multifunctional biofilm for organics and nitrogen removal

Cited by 61 publications

References 40 publications

Coupling Microbial Electrolysis Cell and Activated Carbon Biofilter for Source-Separated Greywater Treatment

Coupling Microbial Electrolysis Cell and Activated Carbon Biofilter for Source-Separated Greywater Treatment

Bio-enhanced Granular-Activated Carbon Dynamic Biofilm Reactor for Greywater Treatment: Biofilm Growth, Performance and Mechanisms

Life Cycle Assessment of Community-Based Sewer Mining: Integrated Heat Recovery and Fit-For-Purpose Water Reuse

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