Greening rubber? Political ecologies of plantation sustainability in Laos and Myanmar

Kenney‐Lazar, Miles; Wong, Grace; Baral, Himlal; Russell, A.J.M.

doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.03.008

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The report defined sustainable development as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" [8] (p. 26). This definition has been used by research in the fields of renewable sources [9][10][11][12], mechanical engineering [13,14], agriculture [15], knowledge and innovation management [16][17][18][19][20], the environment [21][22][23], logistics [24], sustainable development [25][26][27][28][29], and innovations in the construction industry [30]. Sustainability is therefore a broad concept that has been used in a wide variety of fields, from human sciences to highly technological fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twitter Analysis of Global Communication in the Field of Sustainability

et al. 2019

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The increasing popularity of social media worldwide provides us with an opportunity to understand social, cultural, and environmental issues about people’s perception of sustainability. The article aims at identifying the main topics of communication related to hashtag # sustainability based on a communication analysis on the Twitter network. We investigated the perception of sustainability using data from 414,926 Twitter interactions by 223,476 users worldwide. The data were recorded between April 17, 2018 and July 12, 2019. We identified Innovation, Environment, Climate Change, Corporate Social Responsibility, Technology, and Energy as key hashtags in the field of sustainability. In conjunction with this, we identified the six following communities: (1) Environmental Sustainability, (2) Sustainability Awareness, (3) Renewable Energy and Climate Change, (4) Innovative Technology, (5) Green Architecture, and (6) Food Sustainability. The usage of these communities is applicable in marketing communication as well as in the Corporate Social Responsibility activities of the given companies. The results of the analysis give the organizations a possible direction for their sustainable business model improvement via the contribution of society´s voice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twitter Analysis of Global Communication in the Field of Sustainability

et al. 2019

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“…The expansion of rubber plantations has mainly occurred in Asia with strong environmental and ecological impacts linked to the conversion of natural forests into monoculture plantations with over-use of agro-chemical inputs: loss of biodiversity (Hughes 2017), loss of soil carbon (de Blécourt et al 2013), greenhouse gas emissions (Zhou et al 2016), disturbance of the hydrological cycle (Guardiola-Claramonte et al 2008) and soil erosion (Guillaume et al 2015;Liu et al 2017). In this context, the sustainability of NR production is of increasing concern for the stakeholders of the NR sector (Warren-Thomas et al 2015;Kennedy et al 2017;Kenney-Lazar et al 2018). One of the main challenges is increasing the productivity of existing rubber plantations, because further expansion is very limited and only possible in less favorable environments (Fox and Castella 2013;Ahrends et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient management of immature rubber plantations. A review

Vrignon-Brenas

Gay

Ricard

et al. 2019

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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The rapid expansion of rubber tree plantations in recent decades has been accompanied by dramatic negative ecological and social impacts. Rubber sector stakeholders consequently engaged in sustainable production of rubber. Despite the lack of harvest during the immature stage following planting, this period plays a key role in future yields. Management practices, particularly fertilization regimes, are used by farmers to shorten the immature period as much as possible. This entails maintaining or even improving the productivity of existing plantations to face the demand for natural rubber. This review focuses specifically on the immature period of rubber tree plantations, as it is the most critical period for nutrient management. We reviewed available knowledge on fertilization practices, soil management, and nutrient dynamics in rubber plantations with the goal of developing a nutrient balance approach for this crop. Our review revealed (1) a notable difference between fertilizer recommendations made by technical institutes and those reported in the scientific literature; (2) that even though nutrient diagnostic methods could help growers adapt the fertilization of rubber trees more than 3 years of age, further studies are needed to adapt current methods to the wide range of cultivation areas; and (3) that the nutrient budget approach may be the best way to incorporate the variety of rubber tree cultivation conditions. In conclusion, the nutrient budget method is a promising way to improve the sustainability of rubber plantations through fertilization making it possible to increase nutrient use efficiency. A comprehensive approach based on nutrient budgets requires further in-depth studies to examine nutrient dynamics in a wide range of conditions, including intercropping and logging residue management between clearcutting and replanting.

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“…Besides acquisitions of arable land for commercial purposes, reports point to a growing number of land acquisitions aimed at conservation-also referred to as "green grabbing"-that threaten the legitimacy of local (mostly ethnic-minority) communities' land use and hence their existence [10,14]. Furthermore, increasing liberalisation of the agricultural sector after 2005 and 2011 and the decrease in armed conflicts after 2011 led to spatial expansion of cash crops like rubber at the cost of forest ecosystems [2,[15][16][17]. However, land users face a complex and often incoherent conglomerate of laws and policies that has accumulated over the past decades and makes land tenure a conflictive issue in Myanmar [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whose Agency Counts in Land Use Decision-Making in Myanmar? A Comparative Analysis of Three Cases in Tanintharyi Region

et al. 2018

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Myanmar has experienced profound transformations of land use and land governance, often at the expense of smallholders. Empirical evidence on the agency of actors included and excluded in land use decision-making remains scarce. This study analyses who influences land use decision-making, how they do this, and under what circumstances smallholders are included. Comparing three land use trajectories in southern Myanmar, we analysed actors’ agency—conceived as the meanings and means behind (re)actions—in land use decision-making using data from focus groups and interviews. Results showed that uneven distribution of means can lead to unequal decision-making power, enabling actors with more means to exclude those with less means: smallholders. However, this only applies in the case of top-down interventions with mutually exclusive actor interests regarding use of the same land. Where interests are compatible or a mediator supports smallholders in negotiations, actors are likely to develop a collaboration despite unequal means, leading to smallholders’ inclusion in decision-making. Transformation of current land governance towards sustainable development could be promoted by providing mediators to actors with few means, ensuring equal access for all to formal land tenure, engaging with brokers in the land governance network, and improving access to knowledge and financial capital for actors with few means.

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Greening rubber? Political ecologies of plantation sustainability in Laos and Myanmar

Cited by 31 publications

References 43 publications

Twitter Analysis of Global Communication in the Field of Sustainability

Twitter Analysis of Global Communication in the Field of Sustainability

Nutrient management of immature rubber plantations. A review

Whose Agency Counts in Land Use Decision-Making in Myanmar? A Comparative Analysis of Three Cases in Tanintharyi Region

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