Greenhouse gas emissions of forest bioenergy supply and utilization in Finland

Jäppinen, E.; Korpinen, Olli-Jussi; Laitila, Juha; Ranta, T.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.101

Cited by 57 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The GWP 100 of the three forest systems was approximately 3.7-3.8 g CO 2 -eq per MJ fuel, only including non-biogenic GHG emissions from forwarding, chipping, transportation, ash recycling and combustion. Previous studies have shown GWP in the range of 1.8-11 g CO 2 -eq MJ -1 fuel [20,19,55,10]. However, comparing results from different LCA studies are often problematic due to differences in system boundaries, functional unit and choice of allocation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Time-Dynamic Effects on the Global Temperature When Harvesting Logging Residues for Bioenergy

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The climate mitigation potential of using logging residues (tree tops and branches) for bioenergy has been debated. In this study, a time-dependent life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed using a single-stand perspective. Three forest stands located in different Swedish climate zones were studied in order to assess the global temperature change when using logging residues for producing district heating. These systems were compared with two fossil reference systems in which the logging residues were assumed to remain in the forest to decompose over time, while coal or natural gas was used for energy. The results showed that replacing coal with logging residues gave a direct climate benefit from a single-stand perspective, while replacing natural gas gave a delayed climate benefit of around 8-12 years depending on climate zone. A sensitivity analysis showed that the time was strongly dependent on the assumptions for extraction and combustion of natural gas. The LCA showed that from a single-stand perspective, harvesting logging residues for bioenergy in the south of Sweden would give the highest temperature change mitigation potential per energy unit. However, the differences between the three climate zones studied per energy unit were relatively small. On a hectare basis, the southern forest stand would generate more biomass compared to the central and northern locations, which thereby could replace more fossil fuel and give larger climate benefits.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies of logging residues used for bioenergy have shown climate benefits in relation to fossil fuels [19][20][21]7,22]. In particular, the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) and the CO 2 fluxes between soil, biomass and atmosphere have been shown to highly influence the result [23,20,[24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Dynamic Effects on the Global Temperature When Harvesting Logging Residues for Bioenergy

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The type of wood fuel is of relevance for the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. According to Jäppinen et al (2014), harvesting residues produce lower emissions than small-diameter energy wood, while stumps produce the most GHG emissions. This was explained by lower production-chain emissions and faster natural decay for harvesting residues.…”

Section: δComentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on global CO2 emissions when substituting LPG with bio-SNG as fuel in steel industry reheating furnaces—the impact of different perspectives on CO2 assessment

Johansson

2016

Energy Efficiency

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The iron and steel industry is the second largest user of energy in the world industrial sector and is currently highly dependent on fossil fuels and electricity. Substituting fossil fuels with renewable energy in the iron and steel industry would make an important contribution to the efforts to reduce emissions of CO 2 . However, different approaches to assessing CO 2 emissions from biomass and electricity use generate different results when evaluating how fuel substitution would affect global CO 2 emissions. This study analyses the effects on global CO 2 emissions when substituting liquefied petroleum gas with synthetic natural gas, produced through gasification of wood fuel, as a fuel in reheating furnaces at a scrap-based steel plant. The study shows that the choice of system perspective has a large impact on the results. When wood fuel is considered available for all potential users, a fuel switch would result in reduced global CO 2 emissions. However, applying a perspective where wood fuel is seen as a limited resource and alternative use of wood fuel is considered, a fuel switch could in some cases result in increased global CO 2 emissions. As an example, in one of the scenarios studied, a fuel switch would reduce global CO 2 emissions by 52 ktonnes/year if wood fuel is considered available for all potential users, while seeing wood fuel as a limited resource implies, in the same scenario, increased CO 2 emissions by 70 ktonnes/year. The choice of method for assessing electricity use also affects the results.

show abstract

“…The most homogenous chips can be produced from stemwood, while much more heterogeneous chips are produced from logging residues (Suadicani and Gamborg 1999). Impurities may prevent the use of stumps as feedstock, for example in the pyrolysis process, in which feedstock-purity requirements are generally higher than in combined heat and power production with fluidized bed boilers (Jäppinen et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Procurement costs of cereal straw and forest chips for biorefining in South-East Finland

Laitila¹,

Lehtonen²,

Ranta³

et al. 2016

Silva Fenn.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Highlights• Procurement cost at the plant was 59 € dry tonne -1 when the annual procurement volume of biomass was 100 000 tonnes. Of that amount, the proportion of logging residues was 58.4%, stumps 24.3% and delimbed stems 17.3%.• Cereal straw represents an important source of biomass in Kouvola but the cost competiveness is poor compared the procurement costs of forest chips due to high baling and transporting costs. AbstractIn Finland the increasing use of biofuel in transport presupposes a search for new raw material sources for biorefining. The aim of this study was, at the regional level, to compare the procurement costs of logging residues, stumps, delimbed stems and cereal straw for biorefining. The accumulation and procurement costs of forest chips and cereal straw were estimated within a 100-kilometre transporting distance via existing road network from an end-use-facility located in Kouvola in South-East Finland. The analyses were performed as simulated treatments in thinnings of young stands, cereal fields and regeneration fellings using existing productivity and cost functions and yield calculations based on crop statistics, the forest industry stand data and the sample plots data of the National Forest Inventory of Finland. Accumulation of raw material assortments and costs of production stages were defined per dry tonnes. Subsidies and raw material prices were excluded from consideration in the study. The results indicate that recovering logging residues requires lower costs than utilization of stumps, delimbed stems or cereal straw. Cereal straw represents an important source of biomass in Kouvola but the cost competiveness is poor compared the procurement costs of forest chips. When the annual procurement volume of biomass was 50 000 dry tonnes the cost at the plant was 49 € dry tonne -1 and biomass was comprised totally of logging residues. Procurement cost grew to 59 € dry tonne -1 when the annual procurement volume of biomass was doubled to 100 000 dry tonnes. Of that amount, the proportion of logging residues was 58.4%, stumps 24.3% and delimbed stems 17.3%. First cereal straw dry tonnes were delivered to end-use-facility, when procurement cost grew to 60 € dry tonne -1 and annual procurement volume of biomass was 110 000 dry tonnes.

show abstract

Greenhouse gas emissions of forest bioenergy supply and utilization in Finland

Cited by 57 publications

References 43 publications

Time-Dynamic Effects on the Global Temperature When Harvesting Logging Residues for Bioenergy

Time-Dynamic Effects on the Global Temperature When Harvesting Logging Residues for Bioenergy

Effects on global CO2 emissions when substituting LPG with bio-SNG as fuel in steel industry reheating furnaces—the impact of different perspectives on CO2 assessment

Procurement costs of cereal straw and forest chips for biorefining in South-East Finland

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About